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Biomedical subjects

B Hedegård

Publications and source records attributed to B Hedegård.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

The silent period in the masseter and the anterior temporalis muscles in adult patients with mild or moderate mandibular dysfunction symptoms.

The electromyographical silent period in the masseter and the anterior temporalis muscles during tooth tapping and jaw jerk were studied in patients with fairly mild temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms. The length of the silent periods in the patient group did not differ generally from that in a control group. During tooth tapping, however, patients with distinct muscular disorders had shorter silent period duration (7.7 ms) than patients with other symptoms or when compared with control subjects (10.5 and 11.3 ms, respectively). The duration returned to normal after correction of the muscular disorders. This finding suggests that the duration of the silent period is affected by the muscle condition. Patients with obvious muscular disorders of mild to moderate magnitude, thus, may show a shorter silent period duration during tooth tapping.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The silent period in the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in young adult subjects unaware of mandibular dysfunction symptoms.

In fourteen individuals unaware of mandibular dysfunction symptoms, latency and duration of the silent period in the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles at tooth tapping and jaw jerk were reasonably reproducible after 5 weeks and 5 months. Although the subjects felt no discomfort in the stomatognathic system, in some of them mild to moderate muscle tenderness, TMJ sound and occlusal disharmony were found at clinical examination. The relationship between these symptoms and the silent period was analysed. Muscle tenderness was the only factor to affect the silent period. The subjects with muscle soreness had a shorter duration of the silent period than the subjects without such symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical findings in patients with orofacial discomfort complaints.

In 113 patients with orofacial and general complaints, which they assumed were caused by galvanic currents and/or metallic restorations, clinical dental and medical examinations were performed. Most of the patients had natural teeth with dental metallic restorations. A number of dental diagnoses, such as caries, pulpitis, periapical osteitis and periodontitis, were found. However, 16% were edentulous in one or both jaws and had complete dentures. 69% had possible metal contacts. Some oral mucosal changes were observed, but they were as frequent in patients without as in those with metal contact possibility. Signs of parafunctions and functional disturbances of the masticatory system were extremely frequent. A careful oral examination in these patients thus revealed many clinical dental and oral signs that could be more-or-less related to the complaints. Because of the extremely varying symptoms reported, however, only a small proportion could be fully explained by odontological and/or medical diagnoses, and in 38% of the patients, no clear odontological diagnosis was found that could explain the complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Outcome of treatment of patients with orofacial discomfort complaints.

In 113 patients with a wide variation of orofacial and general complaints, which they assumed were caused by galvanic currents and/or metallic restorations, the initial and long-term development (3 years) after treatment was studied. Many treatment procedures were tried; besides information and follow-ups, each patient underwent in average of 6.6 different measures. The often time-consuming treatment was individualized, based on each patient's signs and symptoms. Besides conventional dental treatment, stomatognathic therapy and medical treatment which were frequently needed, metallic constructions were removed in 54% of the patients. The initial outcome of treatment was evaluated as successful both by patients and therapists in about 80%, but half of the patients reported recurrences, more often after removal of metallic constructions than after other dental treatment, while the dentists found recurring clinical signs in only 13% of the patients and without correlation to type of treatment. It is concluded that these patients need a careful oral examination and dental treatment of observed local pathology and defects of dental constructions, but removal of metallic constructions should be avoided when not indicated. Many of these patients will also need medical consultation and treatment, and a collaboration between the dentist and the physician is then recommended.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Reported symptoms, diseases, and medication of patients with orofacial discomfort complaints.

This paper is a part of a series of studies of 113 patients with orofacial and general complaints which they assumed were caused by metallic dental restorations and/or oral galvanic currents. An extensive case history was taken by means of a questionnaire and an interview. The results showed that the patients reported widely varying symptoms, both oral and general, such that the polysymptomatic character of the patients cannot be explained by a single etiologic factor. It is probable that many general factors, besides oral findings, alone or in combination, e.g. general health problems, side effects of medication, psycho-social problems including stressful life events, and complications due to the chronicity of pain, may be associated with the oral and general complaints of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Contact allergy to dental materials in patients with orofacial complaints.

Two groups of individuals were patch tested for frequencies of contact allergy to dental materials. The patient group with orofacial and distant symptoms and complaints referred to the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry were compared with an age-sex matched control group of individuals referred to the Department of Dermatology. The results did not show any differences in patch test reactions between the patient and control groups. The study did not prove any obvious associations between the patients' symptoms or objective findings and the patch test results.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An examination of the surface corrosion state of dental fillings and constructions. I. A laboratory investigation of the corrosion behaviour of dental alloys in natural saliva and saline solutions.

Electrochemical measurements on amalgams and gold alloys in natural saliva and saline solutions have been performed. The results show strong inhibiting effects of some components in natural saliva on the surface corrosion behaviour of amalgams. For the gold alloys the cathodic reduction of oxygen was notably lower in natural saliva than in saline solutions. For galvanic combinations of gold and amalgams substantially lower currents than those calculated from thermodynamic data can be expected in natural saliva.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1986

An examination of the surface corrosion state of dental fillings and constructions. II. A clinical study on patients with orofacial complaints.

A group of 115 patients with orofacial complaints has been examined. A new method for intraoral measurement of electrode potentials on the surface of the amalgam fillings and prosthetic constructions has been developed and applied. The possible connections between the measured electrode potentials and patients' saliva properties and their complaints have been discussed. No correlations between measured electrode potentials of the metallic fillings and constructions and important saliva properties could be found. No connections between the measured electrode potentials and the patients' complaints could be proved.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Changes in bite force and chewing efficiency after denture treatment in edentulous patients with denture adaptation difficulties.

Masticatory function was studied by means of a chewing efficiency test and bite forces measurements in forty-nine edentulous patients who had applied for treatment with fixed protheses on osseointegrated dental implants. Registrations were performed with the original complete dentures and after treatment aiming at optimizing the dentures. The patients were divided into two groups and the post-treatment recordings were completed after adaptation periods of 2 and 6 months, respectively. The functional tests showed mainly small and non-significant changes after the denture treatment. Improvement was greater, however, in those with the poorest pre-treatment values. Chewing efficiency deteriorated after treatment in the older patients (more than 50 years) while it did not change in the younger ones. A longer adaptation period did not lead to better functional results. The findings are discussed in relation to the fact that the patients were waiting for implant treatment, with consequent psychological implications for interpretation.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1984

Salivary flow, saliva, pH and buffering capacity in 70-year-old men and women. Correlation to dental health, dryness in the mouth, disease and drug treatment.

A representative systematic selection of 30% of all 70-year-olds (1148 persons) in Göteborg were invited to a population study. The participation rate was 85%. Sixteen per cent of the men and 25% of the women reported dryness in the mouth (sex. diff. P less than 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the number of drugs consumed by the subjects and subjective dryness (in both sexes P less than 0.001). Intake of drugs from the groups of anticholionergics, antihistamines, sedatives, hypnotics or phenothiazines respectively seemed to have the highest predicative value for dryness in the mouth (men P less than 0.05 and women P less than 0.01). There was also a positive correlation between subjective dryness and number of definable diseases in both sexes (P less than 0.01). In a consecutive sample (fifty-eight men and fifty-three women) a study of salivary flow, direct pH and buffer effect were performed. The mean value of unstimulated salivary secretion was in men 0.25 and in women 0.18 ml/min. Corresponding figures for stimulated secretion was 1.65 and 1.04 ml/min (sex. diff. P less than 0.01). A significantly lower unstimulated secretion was noted in women with subjective dryness (P less than 0.01). A negative significant correlation were found between dental invalidity, according to Eichner's classification, and stimulated secretion when drug treatment had been considered (men P less than 0.05 and women P less than 0.01). Only weak relations were noted between salivary secretions and drug treatment. Only intake of drugs with diuretic effect were negatively correlated to stimulated secretion (P less than 0.01). Diseases of the circulatory system were correlated to subjective dryness (P less than 0.01).

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Variation in dental health in 70-year old men and women in Göteborg, Sweden. A cross-sectional epidemiological study including longitudinal and cohort effects.

Within the framework of an epidemiological, initially cross-sectional and subsequently longitudinal, population study of 70-year-old people, a representative sample of 386 subjects were subjected to odontological investigation. Forty six per cent of the men and 55% of the women were edentulous in both jaws and 20% of the men and 19% of the women were edentulous in one jaw. In dentulous subjects the mean number of teeth was 13.6 (men) and 13.5 (women). The tooth mortality rate was higher in the upper than in the lower jaw and higher in the lateral segments of the jaws than in the frontal region. The mean number of carious teeth was 3.2 for men and 2.4 for women and the mean number of intact teeth was 4.8 in men and 3.4 in women (p less than or equal to 0.05). Fifty four per cent of remaining teeth had been restored in men and 73% in women (p less than or equal to 0.01). Significantly more upper teeth were restored than lower teeth. Half of the dentulous subjects had worn their dentures for more than 10 years and only 14% had satisfactorily functioning dentures and acceptable occlusion. Poor retention and poor stability were very common in unsatisfactory dentures, more so in the upper than in the lower jaw. The proportion of dentures with these faults increased with increasing age of the dentures. The degree of dental invalidity was classified according to Eichner's index. This index was strongly correlated to the number of teeth and tooth contacts (p less than or equal to 0.001). The Eichner index covaried with frequency of visits to the dentist and special background factors such as income, education, marital status and past and present smoking habits. Married men tended to have a better level of dental health than other men (p less than or equal to 0.01), while the reverse was true for women. About half of the dentulous subjects were in need of prosthetic treatment and slightly less than half of them needed conservative dental treatment. Sixty per cent of edentulous subjects needed new dentures. The longitudinal comparisons between the ages of 70 and 75 showed small changes in dental invalidity. In a new cohort of 70-year-olds examined 5 years later the proportion of edentulous was significantly lower than in the first 70-year-old cohort.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Chewing patterns before and after treatment with completè maxillary and bilateral distal-extension mandibular removable partial dentures.

Prosthodontic rehabilitation with complete maxillary dentures and mandibular bilateral distal-extension removable partial dentures did not change the general masticatory function to any great extent. However, the velocity of the mandible was increased, especially in the opening phase, and so was the mandibular displacement. The latter seems to be the cause for a long closing duration. The chewing cycle became more even and teardrop shaped, and the prosthodontic rehabilitation also resulted in a decrease of the number of chewing cycles. The Selspot system offers a possibility to study adaptation to prosthodontic treatment objectively by measurements of time and movement.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

The relative movements of the chin and the mandible during chewing.

The suitability of the soft tissue over the chin as a reference point in studies of mandibular performance during chewing was investigated. The movements of reference diodes (LEDs), one on the chin and the other attached to the lower front tooth, were registered simultaneously using the Selspot system and analysed in relation to the reference system in this method. With respect to chewing rhythm, the conformity of the behaviour of the two diodes-or the two tissue locations-was good, thus allowing the conclusion that the chin reference point is suitable for analysing chewing rhythm. Vertical displacement and velocity were less marked with the chin reference than with the tooth reference, however, indicating that the skeletal part of the mandible moves within the tissues envelope. The difference in movement at maximal opening was significant, the magnitude of the difference being between 12 and 20%. Lateral displacement seemed to be of similar magnitude, although a tendency towards larger movements of the chin point than of the tooth was found.

Adult↗