Biomedical subjects

B He

Publications and source records attributed to B He.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

All-trans retinoic acid reduces intimal thickening after balloon angioplasty in atherosclerotic rabbits.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of oral administration of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on inhibition of intimal thickening after balloon angioplasty in the rabbit iliac artery atherosclerotic model. METHODS: Iliac atherosclerosis was induced in 24 rabbits, and balloon angioplasty was performed. At angioplasty, 24 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): Group 1: controls not receiving oral ATRA administration; Group 2: receiving oral ATRA (0.6 mg.kg-1.d-1) administration beginning 1 week prior to angioplasty and continuing for 4 weeks; Group 3: receiving oral ATRA (0.6 mg.kg-1.d-1) administration beginning immediately after angioplasty and continuing for 4 wk; Group 4: receiving oral ATRA (0.6 mg.kg-1.d-1) administration beginning 1 wk after angioplasty and continuing for 4 wk. Values of cross-sectional area, ratio of intimal/medial area and thickness were determined by a computer-based morphometric system, and cell proliferative activity was assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation. RESULTS: Both the cross-sectional area and the ratio of intimal/medial area and thickness were significantly reduced by ATRA administration compared with control group (P < 0.01). The inhibitory effect is less potent when ATRA is administered 1 week before angioplasty. The ATRA inhibitory effect when administered 1 week after angioplasty is not different significantly form that when administered immediately after angioplasty. The 3H-thymidine incorporation was also decreased in ATRA-treated rabbits compared with controls (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Oral ATRA administration can be effective in inhibiting intimal thickening after balloon angioplasty. It is reasonable that ATRA should be administered immediately after angioplasty.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗

PubMed1999

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and related basic research with special reference to recurrence and metastasis.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and related basic research at the Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University in the recent years, with special reference to recurrence and metastasis. METHODS: Published and unpublished update clinical and experimental data in the above-mentioned areas are summarized. RESULTS: Surgical resection has played an important role in improving prognosis of HCC, the 5-year survival were 63.4% for small HCC resection (n = 806), 39.6% for large HCC resection (n = 1061), 64.7% for cytoreduction (using hepatic artery cannulation and ligation) and sequential resection of initially unresectable HCC (n = 93), 56.0% for cytoreduction using transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and followed by resection (n = 65), and 22.4% for hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi in portal vein (n = 103). Unfortunately, the 5-year recurrent rate after curative resection of HCC was up to 61.5%, which was mainly a result of intrahepatic "metastasis" and multicentric origin of HCC. Clinically, re-resection of subclinical recurrence yielded 56% of 5-year survival (n = 202); prevention of recurrence by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) + Interferon, or LAK/IL-2 therapy have decreased 3-year recurrent rate from 33% to 11%-18%. In experimental aspect, metastatic human HCC model in nude mice (LCI-D20) and HCC cell line with metastatic potential (MHCC97) have been established; studies on HCC invasiveness in the molecular level revealed similar results that reported in other solid cancers, and small HCC showed slightly better biological characteristics as compared with large HCC; microvessel density (MVD) that reflecting angiogenesis adversely correlated with 5-year survival of small HCC; experimental interventions using antisense H-ras, bispecific antibody, BB94, as well as anti-angiogenic agents (TNP470, suramin, CAI, heparin, antisense VEGF, etc.) have been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis in nude mice model. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrence and metastasis are the major obstacle to further improve prognosis of HCC, studies should be conducted both in clinical and experimental aspects, "HCC invasiveness" will be the major target to be studied, particularly in the molecular level, and anti-angiogenesis will be one of the important approach.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗

PubMed1999

[Diagnosis and treatment of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs. METHODS: 13 cases of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs from 1993 to 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Among 13 cases 7 were microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and 6 were Wegener granulomatosis (WG). The ages of onset were from 17 to 68 years old with average age 48.8 years old. 69%(9/13) were ANCA positive, among them 100%(7/7) MPA were ANCA positive (6/7 were P-ANCA positive, 1/7 was C-ANCA positive), while 33%(2/6) WG were ANCA positive (one case of P-ANCA and another case of C-ANCA was positive respectively). The major symptoms of respiratory system included hemoptasis 69% (9/13), dyspnea 23%(3/13), dry cough 15%(2/13) and chest pain 15%(2/13). The chest x-rays showed multiple patchy shadows in both lungs were mainly found in MPA (3/7) and single or multiple masses or nodular shadows were mainly found in WG (5/6) with or without cavity formation. The appearance of lungs in MPA 71% (5/7) had been explained as "pulmonary infection" and that of WG had been explained as "primary lung cancer or metastatic carcinoma". Symptoms of respiratory system might occur before (3/5) or after (2/5) occurrence of acute renal failure. The treatments with corticosteroid and CTX were effective in these cases, in particularly, pulmonary lesions improved obviously. CONCLUSIONS: It is very difficult to make diagnosis of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs and this should be paid more attention. ANCA detection is very useful in diagnosis of MPA. Corticosteroid and CTX are most effective in treating these diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[The effect of erythromycin on NF-kappa B activation and cytokines mRNA expression in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of erythromycin (EM) on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation and cytokines mRNA expression in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 27 as follow: BLM-group received intratracheal instillation of single dose BLM 5 mg/kg. EM treated-group received intratracheal instillation of BLM 5 mg/kg and an oral instillation EM 100 mg.kg-1.d-1. Control group received intratracheal and oral instillation of normal saline. Animals of all three groups were sacrificed on the 4th, 7th and the 28th day separately. NF-kappa B activation in alveolar macrophages (AM) was investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The expressions of IL-1 beta and TGF-beta mRNA in lung were evaluated by Northern blot analysis. The pathological changes of lung tissue were analyzed quantitatively by computer gray scan. RESULTS: On the 4th and 7th day, the activities of NF-kappa B in AM were significantly increased in BLM-group compared with those of control group (P < 0.05), while they were significantly decreased in EM treated-group compared with BLM-group (P < 0.05). On the 7th day, the expressions of IL-1 beta and TGF-beta mRNA in lung were significantly decreased in EM treated-group compared with those in BLM-group. Pathologically, EM decreased exudation of inflammatory cells in the early response as well as degree of fibrosis in the late stage in the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that NF-kappa B is involved in the inflammatory response in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, EM has inhibitory effect on NF-kappa B activation, IL-1 beta and TGF-beta mRNA expression, by which it ameliorated acute lung injury and fibrosis those tested rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[An experimental study on the effect of azithromycin treatment in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of azithromycin treatment in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats. METHODS: Animal model of bleomycin-A5-induced pulmonary fibrosis was established in rats.36 animal models were divided into two groups: a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis group and a azithromycin group in which the animal models were treated with azithromycin (80 mg/kg once a day for three continuous days in a week). The animals of the two groups were killed at the first,second and fourth week respectively. Another six rats constituted a normal control group, instillated withsaline intratracheally and killed at the first week. Pathological changes activity of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) of alveolar macrophage, cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA expression and protein levels of alveolar macrophage and lung tissue were studied or measured. RESULTS: Amelioration of alveolitis and lung fibrosis after treatment with azithromycin was shown in pathological section (P < 0.05). The activity of NF-kappaB was significantly higher in one-week pulmonary fibrosis model than that in normal control and its level in alveolar macrophage reduced (67.2%) after treatment with azithromycin. The level of protein and mRNA of TNFalpha, TGF-beta in lung tissue and alveolar macrophage was increased in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis and reduced after treatment with azithromycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that azithromycin might be a therapeutic drug for pulmonary fibrosis in the future. Azithromycin reduced the degree of alveolitis and fibrosis through inhibition of the activity of NF-kappaB and the expression of TNFalpha, TGF-beta mRNA and lowering the level of protein in alveolar macrophage and lung tissue in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis. This might be one of the mechanisms of azithromycin treatment in pulmonary fibrosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Electron microscopic studies on pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To observe ultrastructural changes and study the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: The clinical manifestations in 9 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis were selected. Transbronchial lung biopsy materials were obtained for light microscopic and electron microscopic examination. RESULTS: The major morphologic changes were as follows: histologically, alveolar inflammation and interstitial fibrosis were observed. electron microscopic findings were: 1. alveolar type I cells were degenerated, broken-down and desquamated, endothelial cells were swelled, with inter cellular tight junction shortened, alveolar type II cells hyperplastic, basement membrane thinned and deformed; 2. alveolar macrophages and interstitial macrophages were hyperplastic; 3. mast cells were infiltrated and degranulated; 4. electron-dense deposits were present at alveolar wall; 5. myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, collagen and basement membrane like material were hyperplastic. CONCLUSIONS: Electron microscopic observations show that the alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells and basement membrane are all injured, interstitial macrophages hyperplasia, mast cells infiltration and degranulation, electron-dense deposits at alveolar wall are present. These morphologic changes provide basis for formation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[The mechanism and effect of erythromycin in development of pulmonary fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of erythromycin on the development of pulmonary fibrosis and explore the new therapy in pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: By evaluating the pathologic changes, the synthesis of collagen protein, the level of activity and expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), the effect of erythromycin was investigated on the rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin. RESULTS: The alveolitis alleviated in the first week in treatment group comparing with the control group (142.5 +/- 13.9 mg/g), the synthesis of collagen protein decreased in the fourth week treatment group (96.8 +/- 4.8 mg/g) (q Test P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Erythromycin may alleviate the process of rat pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Effects of metalloproteinases on pulmonary fibrosis by bleomycin in rats].

OBJECTIVE: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the mediators for dynamic equilibrium of extracellular matrix. The purpose was to investigate the effects of metalloproteinases on the development of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: The expression and activity of metalloproteinases of alveolar macrophage, and fibroblasts were evaluated on rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin. RESULTS: The activity of collagenase was low in the macrophage and fibroblast in control group, 20.4 x 10(-7) U/cell and 30.6 x 10(-7) U/cell respectively. There was an increase in the first and fourth week groups of bleomycin rats. The highest level of activity of alveolar macrophages was 258.0 x 10(-7) U/cell in first week group. A peak of enzymatic activity was found in 4th week group (289.0 x 10(-7) U/cell). The mRNA of MMP-1, MMP-2 were expressed at lower levels in the normal lung tissue and there was an increase in first week, and fourth week group of bleomycin rats with a peak in one week group. CONCLUSIONS: The regulation of metalloproteinases might play an important role in the development of pathological processes in pulmonary fibrosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Identification on crude drugs from genus Leonurus: II. Leaf and flower surface characters].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the crude drugs originated from 9 species and 1 variety of genus Leonurus (called Yimucao) through leaf and flower surface characters. METHOD: Routine slide processing and the characters under microscope were observed and compared. RESULTS: Obvious characteristics for identification were revealed. CONCLUSION: The shape and length of non-glandular hairs are useful in identifying this sort of crude drugs. Leaf constants and cluster crystals are also useful as reference. However, pollen grains and secretory tissues are worthless.

Leonurus↗

PubMed1999

[Chemical constituents of Pistia stratiotes L].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents of Pistia stratiotes, a kind of duckweed. METHOD: Compounds were separated by chromatography on sillica gel, and their structures were identified by spectral analysis and chemical evidence. RESULT: Four compounds were obtained and identified as stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one, stigmasterol, stigmasteryl stearate and palmitic acid. CONCLUSION: All the four compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Araceae↗

PubMed1999

[A pharmacognostical study on herba Spirodelae and its adulterants].

OBJECTIVE: To Study the characteristics of Herba Spirodelae(Spirodela polyrrhiza) and its adulterants S. oligorrhiza and Lemna minor for identification. METHOD: The characteristics were compared and identified morphologically and histologically. RESULT: The morphological and histological characteristics of S. polyrrhiza, S. oligorrhiza and L. minor are different from each other. Several tables, keys and drawings are given. CONCLUSION: The main macroscopical and microscopical characteristics can be used fo differentiate S. polyrrhiza from its adultrants.

Drug Contamination↗

PubMed1999

[Studies on chemical constituents from fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of methanol extract from the dried ripe fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii. METHODS: Silica gel column chromatographic technology and Sephadex G-10 gel filtration were employed to separate and purify the methanol extract, and the compounds obtained were elucidated by means of IR, MS, 1HNMR and authentic specimens. RESULT: Palmitic acid, stigmast-7-en-3 beta-ol, stigmast-7-en-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, galactonic acid gamma-lactone and galactose were isolated and elucidated. CONCLUSION: All the compounds were obtained from the fruit s of T. kirilowii for the first time.

Fruit↗

PubMed1999

[Comparison of effects of Herba Pogostmonis from gaoyao and wuchuan on digestive system].

The effects of the three extracts (decoction, oil-free decoction and volatile oil) of Herba Pogostmonis from Gaoyao and Wuchuan on digestive system were compared. The results demonstrated that the decotion and oil-free decoction from Gaoyao and Wuchuan could depressed gastric evacuation in mice. All the three extracts from Gaoyao and Wuchuan could inhibit the ACh-as well as BaCl2-induced spasmodic and automatic contraction of isolated rabbit intestine. The decoction and oil-free decoction from either Gaoyao or Wuchuan inhibited the normal intestinal propulsion. They also increased gastric secretion of acid and activity of pepsin and amylase. These suggest that both of Herba pogostmonis relief gastrointestinal spasm and improve the digestion. The total effect of Herba pogostmonis from Gaoyao was more potent that from Wuchuan.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Determination of impurities in osmium powder by ICP-AES using matrix separation].

An inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry method has been developed for the determination of impurities in osmium powder. The sample was dissolved in nitric acid at 150-200 degrees C. Osmium was oxided and its oxide vapour was absorbed by NaOH. The residual solution was then analyzed by ICP-AES. The determination limit of the method is 0.005-0.134 microg x mL(-1). The recovery range of the method is 91%-112%. The precision of the method is less than 3%. This method can be used to determine 18 elements simultaneously. It is simple, rapid and precise.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1999

[Determination of inorganic and organic tin in water samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry].

This paper proposed a method for the determination of inorganic tin and organotin species. Total tin contents can be directly detected by zirconium-coated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,while the organotin was detected by hydride generation combined with solvent extraction and the difference between the total tin and organotin was inorganic tin. The detection limits were 58 pg and 27 pg for organotin and inorganic tin,respectively. The relative standard deviations of this procedure, were 2.13% and 2.04%, respectively. Several water samples were analyzed by this method. The recoveries ranging from 90.5% and 98.5% were obtained.

Spectrophotometry, Atomic↗

PubMed1998

Cytokine and chemokine mRNA expressing cells in muscle tissues of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis.

In-situ hybridization with labeled oligonucleotide probes was applied to explore cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in sections of striated muscle, the target organ in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), induced in Lewis rats by immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). A transient burst of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 mRNA expressing cells was detected during the early phase of EAMG. This cytokine pattern was related to muscular infiltration of macrophages. Levels of IL-4, IL-10, IFN-gamma, cytolysin and TGF-beta mRNA expressing cells were low and observed mainly during the early phase of EAMG. C-C chemokine RANTES, MCP, MIP-1alpha and MIP-2 mRNA expressing cells were not detected over the course of EAMG. The low and transient expression of cytokines in EAMG muscle tissues suggests that the immune effector responses are unlikely operated by infiltrating cells in muscle. Muscular infiltrations in EAMG are unlikely due to local accumulation of C-C chemokines.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

The paramyxovirus SV5 small hydrophobic (SH) protein is not essential for virus growth in tissue culture cells.

The SH gene of the paramyxovirus SV5 is located between the genes for the glycoproteins, fusion protein (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), and the SH gene encodes a small 44-residue hydrophobic integral membrane protein (SH). The SH protein is expressed in SV5-infected cells and is oriented in membranes with its N terminus in the cytoplasm. To study the function of the SH protein in the SV5 virus life cycle, the SH gene was deleted from the infectious cDNA clone of the SV5 genome. By using the recently developed reverse genetics system for SV5, it was found that an SH-deleted SV5 (rSV5DeltaSH) could be recovered, indicating the SH protein was not essential for virus viability in tissue culture. Analysis of properties of rSV5DeltaSH indicated that lack of expression of SH protein did not alter the expression level of the other virus proteins, the subcellular localization of F and HN, or fusion competency as measured by lipid mixing assays and a new content mixing assay that did not require the use of vaccinia virus. The growth rate, infectivity, and plaque size of rSV5 and rSV5DeltaSH were found to be very similar. Although SH is shown to be a component of purified virions by immunoblotting, examination of purified rSV5DeltaSH by electron microscopy did not show an altered morphology from SV5. Thus in tissue culture cells the lack of the SV5 SH protein does not confer a recognizable phenotype.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Fabrication of nanocolumns for liquid chromatography.

This paper shows that in situ micromachining can be used to simultaneously position and define (i) support particles, (ii) convective transport channels, (iii) an inlet distribution network of channels, and (iv) outlet channels in multiple chromatography columns on a single quartz wafer to the level of a few tenths of a micrometer. Stationary phases were bonded to 5 x 5 x 10 microns collocated monolith support structures separated by rectangular channels 1.5 microns wide and 10 microns deep with a low degree of deviation of channel width between the top and bottom of channels. High aspect ratio microfabrication can only be achieved with deep reactive ion etching. The volume of a 150 microns x 4.5 cm column was 18 nL. Column efficiency was evaluated in the capillary electrochromatography (CEC) mode using rhodamine 123 and a hydrocarbon stationary phase. Plate heights in these columns were typically 0.6 micron in the nonretained and 1.3 microns in the retained modes of operation. Columns were designed to have identical mobile-phase velocity in all channels in an effort to minimize outgassing during operation. When the total lateral cross-sectional area of channels at all points along the separation axis is identical, linear velocity of the mobile phase in a CEC column should be the same. Columns were operated at atmospheric pressure.

Chromatography, Liquid↗