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Biomedical subjects

B Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to B Hansen.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

875 cases of bacterial meningitis: diagnostic procedures and the impact of preadmission antibiotic therapy. Part III of a three-part series.

Data on the bacteriological findings, diagnostic measures and clinical course of 875 patients with bacterial meningitis are presented. Findings from the medical records and from a follow-up questionnaire survey of 667 of these cases revealed no significant difference between patients treated with antibiotics before admission (pretreated) and those who were not treated before admission (non-pretreated) with respect to clinical condition on admission, mortality and late sequelae. Pretreatment was, however, associated with a longer duration of symptoms. Apart from cases due to Neisseria meningitidis, there were no significant differences in diagnostic findings between pretreated and non-pretreated cases. In the group of pretreated meningococcal patients, however, positive blood cultures, pleiocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positive cultures from sites other than blood and CSF were less frequent than in the non-pretreated cases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Streptococcus equisimilis Pneumonia in a compromised host.

A fatal case of Streptococcus equisimilis pneumonia and septicemia is described in a young man with Hodgkin's disease. The disease course consisted of exudative pharyngitis, macular rash, septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolization. S. equisimilis was isolated from blood, throat, and sputum cultures antemortem and from lung cultures at autopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of C-reactive protein on human lymphocyte responsiveness.

C-reactive protein (CRP), a trace serum protein that increases markedly in concentration during inflammatory reactions, was recently shown to bind to a subset of human IgG-FcR-bearing peripheral blood lymphocytes in the presence of a ligand such as pneumococcal C-polysaccharide (CPS). CRP has also been detected on a small percentage of PBL that are associated with NK activity. In the present study, we assessed the effects of CRP and CRP-CPS complexes on a variety of human lymphocyte functions in vitro. CRP and CRP complexes significantly enhanced (generally two to threefold) cell-mediated cytotoxicity, minimally enhanced the MLC reaction, and induced a small but regularly detectable blastogenic response in resting PBL. CRP or CRP-CPS complexes had no effect on mitogen-induced blastogenesis, PWM-induced generation of IgM plaque-forming cells, E-rosette formation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, or NK activity. The basis for the preferential ability of CRP to enhance cytotoxicity responses in vitro is under further investigation.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1983

Influence of Lewis and other blood group systems in kidney transplantation.

In 167 first cadaver kidney recipients and their donors the blood groups ABO, Rhesus, Lewis, MN, Ss, P, Kell and Duffy were determined. The influence of incompatibility in each system as well as of simultaneous presence of several mismatches was analysed. Whereas one-year graft survival of Lewis-compatible grafts was 67 per cent (p = 0.02). The other blood groups showed no significant effect on graft outcome. Cumulative red cell incompatibilities, however, led to decreased survival rates. One-year graft survival in the group with greater than or equal to 4 incompatibilities was only 51 per cent versus 69 per cent in transplants with less than 4 incompatibilities (18% difference, p less than 0.01). When the Lewis system was excluded from analysis, the difference in survival rates was reduced to only six per cent. These data indicate that cumulative incompatibilities of red cell antigens have an unfavourable effect on graft survival. Of the different blood groups, the Lewis system is of major importance.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1982

New approaches to therapy and diagnosis of diabetes.

Recent progress within the field of molecular biology has resulted in the development of a new technology known as 'recombinant DNA'. This technology deals with a number of biochemical techniques for handling DNA which include: (1) cutting DNA at specific sites, (2) inserting DNA into bacteria or mammalian cells so that the cell will replicate the DNA and (3) manipulation of cloned DNA so that the host cell makes the protein for which the DNA codes [1-3]. Already a number of hormones including somatostatin, human growth hormone and human insulin [4] have been produced by these new methods. However, there are certain criteria which should be considered before new sources of hormones are generally accepted for treatment of human diseases. We shall review some of the problems which may arise in the case of insulin, by comparing the chemical and immunological properties of insulin from various sources. Recombinant DNA methods have, in addition, made it possible to study islet cell structure and function at the gene level. These studies include analysis of gene structure and of how they are transcribed and translated. Structural analyses which seem to be significant in the differential diagnosis of diabetes will be reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of experimental emotional stress and physical exercise on the circulation in hypertensive patients and control subjects.

Heart rate, intra-aortal blood pressure, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance were registered in 11 hypertensive and 11 normotensive subjects during exercise (up to 80 W on a bicycle ergometer), a semi-standardized interview concerning personal life situations, exposure to slides showing parents and marriage partners of the subjects, and during pressure on a hand ergometer. The blood pressure in all subjects increased during all these experimental conditions. During exercise this was associated with increases in heart rate and cardiac output and a decrease in peripheral resistance (hyperkinetic reaction). During the interview the heart rate and cardiac output also increased but to a lesser degree and in 15 of the 22 cases the peripheral resistance rose (predominantly hypertonic reaction). During the slide viewing the effects were similar to those of the interview but less marked. During the hand ergometer test the subjects showed a combination of the hyperkinetic and hypertonic response. Although there was a difference in their basal blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, these haemodynamic reaction patterns showed no difference between the hypertensive and normotensive subjects. These results support the hypothesis that essential hypertension is a quantitative 'exaggeration' of the same physiological processes which regulate the blood pressure in different situations in normotensive individual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Absorption of NPH-insulin from subcutaneous tissue: a methodological study in pigs.

To elucidate the validity of the indirect method of following insulin absorption from the subcutaneous tissue, i.e. external counting of injected 125-I insulin, the disappearance of 125-I NPH insulin from subcutaneous tissue was measured by a biotelemetric method (external measurement of radioactivity) and by direct determination of radioactivity and insulin in subcutaneous tissue extracted one to 300 min. after injection of 8 units 125-I NPH porcine insulin, 5 mm beneath the surface of the skin in 6 anaesthesized pigs. Furthermore, the appearance of insulin in arterial plasma was measured after inhibiting the endogenous insulin secretion of the pigs by epinephrine and propanolol. The disappearance of radioactivity measured continuously for 5 hours was of first order kinetics with t1/2=462+/-36 min. (mean+/-S.E.M.). The half-life of the injected depot of radioactivity (t1/2) demonstrated a large intra- as well as interindividual variation as seen in diabetics. In tissue extracts a highly significant (2P less than 0.001) correlation was found between radioactivity and insulin (r=0.93), indicating the radioactivity to be representative of insulin. During gel chromatography on Sephadex G 50 M only one peak of radioactivity was seen in all tissue extracts. 300 min. after NPH-insulin injection, however, the specific radioactivity of insulin was significantly higher (2P less than 0.05) than in tissue extracts sampled one min. after NPH insulin injection, indicating a slight accumulation of non-immunoreactive insulin degradation products. A fair correlation (r=0.75, 2 P less than 0.05) was seen between the disappearance of externally measured radioactivity or insulin from tissue extracts and the appearance of insulin in plasma. It is concluded that the insulin absorption coefficient is a relevant and biologically sensible expression of insulin absorption.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Uterus didelphys. Report of a case with torsion of the uterus occurring during labor.

In a 30-year-old primigravida with uterus didelphys there occurred, during labor, mutual torsion of the inferior lower uterine segments, the cervix of the pregnant right uterus crossing in front of the lower segment of the non-pregnant left uterus. This blocked the birth canal, and the patient had to be delivered by cesarean section. The frequency of major uterine malformations, their diagnosis, and role in the obstetric prognosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

An implantable, externally powered radiotelemetric system for long-term ECG and heart-rate monitoring.

An externally inductive powered implantable ECG radiotelemetry unit has been developed for continuous long-term measurements of cardiophysiological changes following administration of cardiotoxic drugs. The power density distribution (320 kHz) inside the cage has been measured to be 3-11 mW/cm2. The implantable unit has a volume of 38 X 22 X 8 mm and a mass of 9 g, and has been tolerated by the animal (guinea pig) during a continuous registration period of 6 months.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Chorioangioma].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Transfer factor in the treatment of herpes simplex types 1 and 2.

Transfer factor potentiates cellular immunity and induces interferon. It was because of these properties that transfer factor was tried in 17 patients with recurrent herpes simplex types 1 and 2. Transfer factor was administered in doses ranging from 5 to 10 U/m2 i. m. The interval between injections varied from 1 week to 3 months. 16 patients could be evaluated clinically in whom the recurrence rate decreased from 10.7 +/- 6.1 to 2.1 +/- 2.5 (mean SD). The reduction was statistically significant. 8 patients were completely free of disease while the other 8 had reduced number of episodes during the period of observation, 7 patients had abnormal T cell function as reflected by the low number of T cells or low lymphocyte transformation. Statistically significant improvement in the T cell function was observed. Delayed hypersensitivity skin test reactions also improved significantly.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Monoiodoinsulin labelled in tyrosine residue 16 or 26 of the insulin B-chain. Preparation and characterization of some binding properties.

By the combination of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and QAE-Sephadex ion exchange chromatography it was possible to isolate the four isomers of porcine [125I]monoiodoinsulin to a purity of more than 97%. The yield of the two B-chain-labelled isomers was increased by iodinating in buffer containing 6M urea. The apparent binding affinity to isolated rat adipocytes was 0.65 for the A19 isomer, 1.0 for the B16 isomer, and 2.0 for the B26 isomer, respectively, relative to the A14 isomer. In contrast, the B26 isomer had only an apparent binding affinity of 1.2 relative to the A14 isomer in isolated hepatocytes.

Adipose Tissue↗