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Biomedical subjects

B Hannigan

Publications and source records attributed to B Hannigan.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Assessing the new public management: the case of the National Health Service.

AIM: This paper reviews the origins, core principles and impact of New Public Management (NPM) in the UK public services, with particular attention paid to the emergence of NPM in the National Health Service (NHS). BACKGROUND: NPM represents a distinct break from traditional forms of public sector administration. Whilst its origins are grounded in economic crisis and New Right ideology, NPM philosophies and practices have since found wider acceptance. ORIGINS OF INFORMATION: Selective review of key journal papers, books and policy documents. KEY ISSUES: NPM is characterized by: managers being 'free to manage'; public sector disaggregation; competition; concern for efficiency; concern for outcomes; concern for quality; individualism rather than collectivism; and identification of the public service user as 'customer', 'consumer' or 'citizen'. CONCLUSIONS: NPM has taken root in the NHS. Future reform of the health service is likely to modify some aspects of NPM, though many of the core themes of NPM in the NHS look likely to remain for the foreseeable future.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed1997

A challenge for community psychiatric nursing: is there a future in primary health care?

The growing debate surrounding the role of the community psychiatric nurse (CPN) in the United Kingdom is reviewed. Issues which have attracted significant interest and which form the focus of this paper are the prioritization of CPN services, CPN attachment to primary health care (PHC), and the effectiveness of clinical interventions. The requirement for CPNs is now to concentrate services on people experiencing severe and enduring mental health problems. Innovative and effective clinical and social interventions for this client group are beginning to disseminate into everyday CPN practice. Problem-solving family interventions, cognitive therapies and case management are three such examples. The past, present and possible future role for CPNs working in primary health care settings with people experiencing nonpsychotic mental health problems is a particular focus in this paper. Drawing on the relevant literature, central issues addressed are the process and outcome of CPN work with nonpsychotic service users, reasons for the growth of CPN involvement in PHC, and the overall expansion of interest in mental health interventions within the primary health care environment. The literature suggests that this expansion has been strategically unplanned, but that mental health need amongst primary health care service users is significant. The concluding contention of this paper is that a future role for CPNs in primary care does exist.

Case Management↗
PubMed1996

Antiepithelial cell antibodies do not impair paediatric renal allograft survival but appear to be associated with acute viral infections.

There is a reported association between antiepithelial cell (AEC) antibodies and increased renal allograft loss in paediatric recipients. Our unit experienced a dramatic fall in 1-year graft survival so we undertook a study to determine if AEC antibodies could account for such losses. We also studied healthy children and adults as well as a group of individuals with serologically proven viral infection in an attempt to determine the prevalence and possible aetiology of these antibodies. Sera were screened for AEC antibodies in a microcytotoxicity test using a lung epithelial cell line (A549) as target. The prevalence of these antibodies in our paediatric recipients was similar to that reported elsewhere but we found no correlation between the presence of AEC antibody and allograft loss. Within the control populations, we found the antibody was more prevalent in children than in adults (p < 0.0001). We also found a strong age banding pattern, with antibody being present in 50% of children under 10 years and declining with increasing age, so that by the age of 16 years the seroprevalence was similar to that found in our adults. However, AEC antibody had a significantly higher prevalence in individuals with active viral infection than in our healthy control groups (p = 0.00003). A positive association was noted between rubella and respiratory syncytial virus and AEC antibody presence and a negative association with varicella zoster. We conclude that AEC antibodies do not correlate with increased paediatric renal allograft loss but appear to be linked to certain viral infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Lymphocyte lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in association with depressed mitogen responsiveness.

Purified lymphocyte preparations from cancer patients were less responsive to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) than were lymphocytes from healthy donors as measured by [3H]-thymidine uptake over periods in culture up to 96 hours. The uptake of radiolabel was paralleled by total cellular lactate production. The isoenzymic composition of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) in lymphocytes from healthy individuals was altered following PHA stimulation with increasing proportions of LD-1 and LD-2 throughout the culture period. This phenomenon was markedly reduced in lymphocytes from cancer patients. This defect in lymphocytes from cancer patients is thought to reflect an impaired capacity to accomplish an early mitogen-induced enhancement of glucose metabolism, which is a prerequisite for lymphocyte proliferation.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Direct measurement of the hepatointestinal extraction of zinc in cirrhosis and hepatitis.

1. 65Zn was injected intravenously during transjugular liver biopsy and, from simultaneous hepatic and peripheral venous blood samples, hepatointestinal 65Zn extraction was calculated. Hepatic zinc content was measured in biopsy specimens. 2. On the same occasion samples of liver tissue were taken and their zinc content was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 3. Seven patients with cirrhosis had significantly lower hepatic zinc content and hepatointestinal zinc extraction than six control patients with mild liver disease. Six patients with chronic hepatitis had a mean hepatointestinal zinc extraction higher than control patients, whereas their mean hepatic zinc content was lower, although the former difference did not achieve statistical significance. 4. These results demonstrate that hepatointestinal extraction of zinc is impaired in cirrhosis, but not in chronic hepatitis.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community mental health nursing, 1954 to 1990: a review of policy, practice and service organisation.

From the middle of the last century to the middle of the 1950s, people experiencing mental health problems in the UK invariably faced admission to asylums and segregation from wider society. A steady increase in asylum admissions meant that, by 1955, there were 150,000 asylum beds. Reflecting this institutional mode of care and treatment, nurses caring for mentally ill people, until just over 40 years ago, worked exclusively in asylum settings. This paper traces the evolution of the community mental health nursing (CMHN) profession in the UK. Particular attention is paid to the following influences: The mental health policy context within which CMHN services were created and then expanded. The evolving collective professional identity of CMHNs. The changing relationships between CMHNs and other professional groups.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Client-held records in community mental health.

This paper looks at how a care booklet has been introduced and used in a community mental health service. It shows how a client-held record can improve communication and care coordination and help users achieve greater autonomy and empowerment.

Adult↗