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Biomedical subjects

B H Feldman

Publications and source records attributed to B H Feldman.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The relationship of respiratory complications from gastroesophageal reflux to prematurity in infants.

The association between respiratory complications of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and prematurity in infants has not been described completely. We studied 82 consecutive infants less than 6 months of age with major respiratory symptoms suspected to be caused by GER. Twenty-eight patients had bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Extended (18 to 24 hours) esophageal pH monitoring was used to document GER with a pH score. Respiratory complications were considered to be caused by GER if a prolonged mean duration of sleep reflux (ZMD) was found. Seventy-five of the 82 (91%) infants had documented GER, but only 45 (55%) had a prolonged ZMD. The incidence of GER was high regardless of the gestational age at birth, postconceptual age at time of study, and the presence of BPD. The incidence of a prolonged ZMD was higher in infants who were 34 to 39 weeks' gestation (10/12, 83%) than in infants who were less than 34 weeks' gestation at birth (15/37, 41%; P = .01). The incidence of a prolonged ZMD was lowest in infants 39 weeks or less postconceptual age at the time of study (4/14, 29%; P = .017). Most infants with BPD did not have a prolonged ZMD (12/28, 43%). However, 11 of the 12 (92%) infants with BPD and a prolonged ZMD showed dramatic improvement after effective antireflux therapy compared with 0 of 16 infants with BPD and normal ZMD (P less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1978

Closure of the patent ductus arteriosus with ligation and indomethacin: a consecutive experience.

This report summarizes a consecutive experience with 59 preterm infants with clinical, radiographic, and echocardiographic findings of a large patent ductus arteriosus. Thirty-five infants who met defined criteria received indomethacin, and 24 infants underwent PDA ligation. Analysis of the clinical course of these infants revealed no selective indomethacin morbidity and suggests that infants undergoing ligation require more prolonged ventilator therapy with increased exposure to FiO2 greater than or equal to 0.3. Mortality rates between ligated and pharmacologically treated groups were similar. This study documents that inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis to constrict and close the PDA in the premature infant is an effective alternative to operative closure.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed1977

Absence of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn. Study of the minor surfactant phospholipids in newborns.

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) was absent from lung effluent in 41 infants with respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn (RDS), whereas effluent from healthy control subjects of similar gestational age contained this phospholipid (4.9 +/- 2.4% of lipidphosphorus (P), n = 32). Control infants of 28 weeks of gestation or less with various respiratory disturbances other than RDS also had low PG (0.2 +/- 0.2% of lipid-P, n = 5). In RDS surfactant complex often could be isolated from the airways using differential and density gradient centrifugation. The material thus obtained had prominent phosphatidylinositol (PI) (13.6 +/- 2.8% of lipid-P, n = 6), but no PG. Of those 18 infants who had such surfactant even in the early stages of RDS, 13 were 35 weeks of gestation or more, 3 were offspring of diabetic mothers, and 2 had severe perinatal asphyxia. In healthy control subjects PG sometimes appeared first within an hour of birth, but in RDS PG did not appear until recovery from RDS. In RDS type II (transient tachypnea of the newborn) PG in lung effluent also was abnormally low (1.3 +/- 0.6% of lipid-P, n = 5) and PI was correspondingly prominent (9.7 +/- 3.6% of lipid-P, n = 5), indicating immaturity of surfactant similar to RDS. Surfactant with PG and PI has superior surface-active properties compared to that containing PI, but no PG. Surfactant without PG does not seem to stabilize the alveoli of the newborn as well as does surfactant with PG. The failure of PG appearance following birth therefore may precipitate RDS, especially beyond 35 weeks of gestation.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1977

Drug use be college students and their parents.

Two hundred and forty-seven students at the University of South Carolina and their parents were asked to complete drug questionnaires. The questionnaires were detailed inquiries into licit and illicit drug use by the students and their parents. The two areas this study concentrated on were frequency of drug use and the relationship between student and parent drug use. The results suggested a significant relationship between college student illicit drug use and the licit drug use of their parents, particularly of the father. In addition, it was found that the three most frequently used drugs were alcohol, marijuana and amphetamines.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

The infant transport service.

The ultimate goal of an infant transport service is the reduction of neonatal morbidity and mortality in a given area. In order to attain this goal, the program must provide for the controlled transfer of a stabilized infant. Sub-objectives will include but not be limited to the integration of a readily available and knowledgeable ambulance service, the selection of appropriate transport teams, the establishment and maintenance of ongoing communications between all parties, the teaching of neonatal medicine to stimulate thereferring hospital to begin infant stabilization, and the constant evaluation of the overall performance of the infant transport system to detect defects in the system.

Aircraft↗