Search PubMedSearch

Biomedical subjects

B H Drukker

Publications and source records attributed to B H Drukker.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

Envelopes: presidential address.

The fabric of medical care has been altered during the past 2 decades. Initially this alteration was furtive but it rapidly escalated, producing change that will be irrevocable. Physicians, dedicated to caring for their patients, frequently were found struggling in the wake of the changes in the health care system. In most situations they found themselves swept aside from crucial decision making because of timidity, practice obligations, and absence of knowledge related to "medical business." With about 600 managed care operations in the United States, physicians can no longer afford to sit in the stands and just watch the play on the field. Participation is crucial and must be accompanied by additional learning, such as masters degrees in business administration or MBAs. This will allow the new players to read the playbook of business medicine. Although on-the-job training is possible, it usually has a slow learning curve as a result of diluting the new assignment with practice obligations. Despite these formidable challenges, physicians must enter the local, state, and national arenas and participate. Despite change and reaction to change, physicians have an irrevocable trust that cannot be withdrawn or overlooked. It has been earned and pervades every facet of our professional careers. The physician has an uncompromising duty and privilege to care for his or her patient in the highest and most ethical manner, a duty that will remain forever. This will never change!

Delivery of Health Care

Shoes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Career Choice

Breast cysts and solid lesions: the role of fine-needle aspiration.

Breast cyst aspiration and fine-needle or needle-core biopsy of palpable and nonpalpable breast masses can be cost-effective and in some situations provide instant resolution of cystic masses. The limitations of the techniques must be known if the benefits are to be exploited. New evaluations on cyst fluid demonstrating proteins (common to breast cancer) have been demonstrated, as well as assessment of electrolyte ratios in fluid. These may give additional information regarding cyst character and potential risks for breast cancer. Physicians involved in the treatment of breast disease must be aware of these advances as well as being clinically adept in fine-needle aspiration.

Biopsy, Needle

Fibrocystic change and fibrocystic disease of the breast.

The prominence of fibrocystic change of the breast mandates knowledge of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment on the part of all providing primary care to women. This article reviews cystic, epithelial hyperplastic, and fibrotic changes common to fibrocystic change and fibrocystic disease of the breast. Diagnostic modalities including physical examination technique and needle aspiration are presented, together with the rationale for ultrasonography and mammography. A broad spectrum of treatment options is presented for the clinician.

Biopsy, Needle

Does 24-hour supervisory staff coverage in the labour and delivery area change the emergency caesarean section rate?

The influence on the emergency caesarean section rate of 24-h supervisory staff coverage in the labour and delivery area was investigated. In period I (1978-1979), the supervisory staff were inside the hospital from 07.01 to 17.00 hours, and on call at home from 17.01 to 07.00 hours of the next day, and in period II (1980-1981), the supervisory staff were inside the hospital 24 h a day. The section rate for fetal distress increased during period II. The rate for maternal complications also increased in the 17.01-24.00 hours shift and decreased in the 07.01-17.00 hours shift during period II. However, the overall emergency caesarean section rate did not change between the two periods.

Adolescent

Vaginal evisceration. A case report and brief review of the literature.

A 70-year-old woman was successfully treated for spontaneous vaginal evisceration, with extensive infarction of small intestine, by an abdominal and vaginal approach. Vaginal evisceration is a rare condition. It usually occurs in postmenopausal women after one or more vaginal operations and in the presence of an enterocele or other local abnormalities that contribute to tissue weakness. Prompt recognition and surgical treatment, combining abdominal and vaginal approaches as indicated, and use of ancillary antibiotics and anticoagulant regimens is associated with successful outcome in most instances.

Aged

Ultrasonic evaluation of the postpartum uterus in the management of postpartum bleeding.

Although the diagnostic use of ultrasound has been well established in the management of antepartum problems, its place in the postpartum period has not been widely recognized. Fifty-six patients with postpartum bleeding underwent ultrasonic evaluation of postpartum uterus. Retained placental tissue was found in 9, and large blood clots in 5 patients. Forty-two patients who were found to have an empty uterus were treated conservatively with intravenous oxytocin infusion. The ultrasonic diagnosis correlated well with the clinical findings and with response to treatment. The results of the study encouraged the authors to continue the investigation, which thus far favors the routine use of ultrasound in managing postpartum bleeding.

Blood Coagulation

Generalized malignant acanthosis nigricans.

We report a case of generalized malignant acanthosis nigricans (AN) secondary to metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri. The disease initially manifested in the perineum as condyloma acuminatum-like lesions. Subsequently, most of the cutaneous surface and the mucosa of the vulva, mouth, tongue, and the palpebral conjunctiva became involved. The association of AN with a squamous cell carcinoma is rare, and conjunctival involvement is unusual.

Acanthosis Nigricans

Retropubic urethropexy by the vaginal wall technique in stress urinary incontinence.

In our opinion retropubic urethropexy via the vaginal wall technique should be considered the primary operation to correct female stress urinary incontinence. The urethrovesical junction is elevated to the midsymphysis and supported by the vaginal wall and endopelvic fascia. Failure is related to not completing the basic objective of the operation, postoperative breakdown due to faulty selection or placement of sutures, and improper patient selection. This operation has proven to be simple, free of disturbing complications, and with durable results. Patients themselves attest to satisfaction with the results of the procedure.

Evaluation Studies as Topic

Infravesical nerve resection for detrusor dyssynergia. The Ingelman-Sundberg operation.

In 1959 a paper was published in Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand (38:487, 1959) by Axel Ingelman-Sundberg (1) entitled "Partial Denervation of the Bladder--a new operation for the treatment of Urge Incontinence and similar conditions in women". The basis for the operation was stated in the initial sentence: "The function of an autonomous neurogenic bladder is usually superior to that of a neurogenic bladder, where higher centers are still partially in function." His operation consisted of transection of the preganglionic pelvic nerves near the inferior surface of the bladder and involved division of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nerves.

Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic

Sacral chordoma. A rare cause of chronic pelvic and low-back pain.

A case of sacral chordoma causing chronic, persistant low-back pain for 5 years is reported. This tumor was palpable on pelvic and rectal examination in the presacral area. Early excision is the treatment of choice for this slow growing tumor of primitive notochordal origin. Diagnosis is often late and incomplete surgical excision leads to local recurrence and eventual death. Knowledge of the existence of this rare condition, together with careful pelvic and rectal examination, are the importnat keys to diagnosis and possible curative treatment.

Adult

Breast disease: a primer on diagnosis and management.

Currently, mammography is the only method of detecting nonpalpable, early breast cancer. At this stage, 90% of the cancers are curable. Clearly, this fundamental tenet accentuates the importance of compliance and knowledge of guidelines. Although risks of mammography are minimal to nil, interpretation occasionally can be challenging, with equivocal results. New technologies are being evaluated and advances in measurement of cellular electrical potential differentials in breast tissue have produced exciting results, when compared with mammography and ultrasound. These screening efforts have increased the diagnosis of both invasive and noninvasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast. For DCIS in particular, conservative, contemporary treatment options exist. These include lumpectomy with breast irradiation excluding axillary dissection. Selected patients may be treated with only lumpectomy. Although breast carcinoma is a major focus due to incidence, morbidity and mortality, the varieties of benign conditions cause many women genuine concern. Treatment options for fibrocystic change run a gamut, including cost-effective basic dietary changes, vitamin use, "health"/natural type treatments, analgesic, as well as hormonal manipulations and, on occasion, surgical intervention. Fortunately, with most patients, common sense and conservatism prevail. The presence of fibroadenomas diagnosed clinically, by ultrasound or mammography, in women aged 18-25 and beyond can create perplexing diagnostic dilemmas. Should the lesion be removed or observed? Differences of opinion exist and must be tempered by recent observations that women with complex fibroadenomas, sclerosing adenosis, epithelial calcification or papillary appocrine changes have a two- to threefold increased risk of breast cancer. The key to management in all these clinical situations is individualization. Conservatism is particularly acceptable in women under the age of 25 if a fibroadenoma is not increasing in size or not psychologically disturbing. Provoked or unprovoked nipple discharge is a clinical conundrum for patients. It is unsuspected and unwanted. While some whitish discharges result from stimulation or medication, others may have a more subtle etiology. Serous, serosanguineous, or bloody discharges mandate evaluation. Duct injection mammography and frequent excision of ductal systems are necessary. The clinician cannot forget other less common conditions, such as thrombophlebitis, fat necrosis, or infection. All clinical conditions of the breast provide a constellation of diagnostic and management problems. They are of real concern for every woman and must be resolved in an appropriate, prompt, and conscientious fashion.

Adolescent