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Biomedical subjects

B Guy-Grand

Publications and source records attributed to B Guy-Grand.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Estradiol, progesterone and plasma lipids during the menstrual cycle.

Epidemiological data tend to relate some of the sex differences in plasma lipid levels to the physiological secretion of estrogens and progesterone. The influence of sex hormones on plasma lipoprotein metabolism has not been extensively investigated. Precise correlation between plasma lipids and circulating hormones levels are still lacking. The short term effect on plasma lipids of large variations in estradiol and progesterone plasma levels occurring during the menstrual cycle has been studied in eight fertile women over a total of 18 cycles. Concentrations of plasma lipids, particularly triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels were remarkably stable in the three hormonal situations studied, namely during menstruation (low estradiol and progesterone levels), in the follicular phase of the cycle (high estradiol and low progesterone levels) and in the luteal phase (high estradiol and progesterone levels). Considerable variation of plasma estradiol levels (400%) did not modify, the plasma lipid values on a short term basis (8-21 days). The physiological role of 17-beta estradiol and progesterone in the sex differences of blood lipid levels remains to be clarified. If this metabolic effect exists, it does not seen to be influenced by short term variation in hormone levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lipogenesis in human adipose tissue in vitro: effect of fat cell size on some enzymatic activities.

The incorporation of [1-C14] palmitate into palmitoyl CoA and triglycerides by homogenates of human adipose tissue have been studied. Adipose tissue samples were taken from three sites varying in adipocytes size (omentum, subcutaneous abdominal wall, buttock). The donors were normal weight women of constant weight. A significant positive correlation was found between initial velocity of palmitoyl CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.3) and total [1-C14] palmitate incorporation into triglycerides on one hand and adipocyte cell size on the other hand : these relations with cell size were apparent both within and between individuals. The mechanism of this "size effect" which is unrelated to the higher protein content of larger cells, is still unexplained. Lipogenesis, like most of the metabolic activities of adipose tissue increases with enlarging cell size. Acceleration of a lipogenesis-lipolysis cycle could constitute an energy wasting system able to limit the volume of the adipocytes.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

[Origin of gustatory alliesthesia: comparison of oral glucose or protein-lipid loads].

The gustative pleasure evoked by sweet stimuli has been evaluated before and after an oral load of glucose or a lipido-protidic meal without carbohydrates in human subjects in weight balance. The pleasure is decreased (negative alliesthesia) after each of the ingestions.The negative alliesthesia for sweet stimuli is therefore not only a consequence of carbohydrate ingestion but it appears also when other nutriments, mainly proteins or their degradation products, are present in the intestinal tract. These data strongly support the view that the gustative alliesthesia may be connected with short term satiety. The mechanism of gustative alliesthesia is partially unknown; the data presented here suggest the participation of intestinal chemoreceptors specific for amino acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Dietary behavior during obesity].

Human alimentary behavior deals with a threefold need: energetic, hedonic and sociocultural. Among the clinical constellation offered by obese patients it could be worthwile to distinguish: 1. Some constitutional and organic obesities, pathogenesis of which does not imply an abnormality of alimentary behavior; 2. Conversely, in some other cases, psychological induced behavioral abnormalities are able to lead to an overstepping of the so called "normal" weight; 3. In other instances, the alimentary behavior reflects the elevation of the set point for weight. All these mechanisms are mutally reinforcing and could act simultaneously or successively accounting for the great variability of the individual situations. In any case environmental conditions are operating and play a pathogenic role more especially as the anatomic, physiologic and psychologic background is predisposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Is triacetyl oleandomycin-ergotamine tartrate combination dangerous?].

The authors report a case of ischaemia of all four limbs in an adolescent following the simultaneous ingestion of triacetyl oleandomycin and ergotamine tartrate in low dosage. Two cases involving this same association of medications have appeared in the literature and attention is therefore drawn to the possible danger of use of these two drugs together.

Adolescent↗