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Biomedical subjects

B Gosselin

Publications and source records attributed to B Gosselin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Enteroviruses can persist with or without active viral replication in cardiac tissue of patients with end-stage ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy.

To investigate enterovirus replication versus persistence in end-stage cardiac diseases, endomyocardial biopsies from explanted hearts of 70 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM), 64 patients with chronic coronary disease (CCD), and 45 donors of healthy hearts (controls) were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for genomic and antigenomic enterovirus RNA and by VP1 antigen immunohistochemistry. Enterovirus genome was detected in 25 of 70 patients with IDCM and in 21 of 64 patients with CCDs (35.7 vs. 32.8%, respectively; P=.12). Of the 46 patients positive for genomic RNA, only 3 exhibited antigenomic RNA and VP1 antigen that demonstrated active viral replication, whereas 43 had latent infection characterized by the absence of antigenomic RNA associated with or not with VP1 antigen expression. No viral component was detected in control subjects. The findings demonstrate that a small percentage of patients with end-stage chronic cardiac diseases had active enterovirus replication in their myocardium.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Negative immunohistochemical detection of CD103 (alphaEbeta7 integrin) in the infiltrates of acute rejection in liver and kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: The infiltration of epithelium by CD8+ T lymphocytes in human renal or liver allografts is a critical feature of acute rejection. CD103 expression can be acquired in vitro by CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in response to allogeneic renal epithelial cells and promotes their adhesion to epithelium and subsequent lysis of epithelial cells. We investigated the expression of CD103 in T-cell infiltrates during acute renal or liver rejection (grade < III). METHODS: Immunohistochemical detection of CD103 in 11 liver and 10 kidney transplant biopsies with histopathological diagnosis of acute rejection. RESULTS: None of the infiltrates expressed detectable CD103, although positive controls were stained under our conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to detect CD103 in renal biopsies can be related to the early posttransplantation interval (<6 months) corresponding to a first rejection episode. In our hands, immunohistological detection of CD103 was not possible in the infiltrates of acute rejection in liver or kidney transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

From normal respiratory mucosa to epidermoid carcinoma: expression of human mucin genes.

Mucous cells in the respiratory tract contribute to the maintenance of the normal epithelial cell population via mechanisms of cell proliferation and differentiation. Mucous cell hyperplasia often occurs as a basic response to injury in the tracheobronchial epithelium. These cells are also thought to be involved in the histogenesis of epidermoid metaplasia. A typical biochemical feature of these cells is mucus secretion. Aberrant glycosylation or under-glycosylation of mucins is well known in cancer; however, the specific role played by mucin genes is at present unclear. To provide information regarding the expression of these genes in squamous metaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, we analyzed and compared the expression of MUC1-MUC7 genes by in situ hybridization in control respiratory mucosa and lesions associated with neoplasia (hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia) and squamous cell carcinomas. MUC4 was expressed independently of mucus secretion since it was expressed weakly by basal cells and probably by ciliated cells as well as collecting ducts, epidermoid metaplasia with complete squamous cell differentiation, and most of epidermoid carcinomas even well differentiated and keratinized. In squamous metaplasia and dysplasia, MUC4 gene expression was diffuse and less intense than in normal epithelium. MUC5AC was overexpressed in dysplasia as well as in mucous cell and basal cell hyperplasia and undetectable when squamous differentiation was achieved.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2000

Surgical treatment of primary sarcoma of the lung.

OBJECTIVE: To study the results of surgical treatment of primary lung sarcoma. METHODS: Between 1982 and 1998, we performed 18 macroscopically complete resections for primary sarcomas of the lung. The records of all patients were reviewed, as were pathological slides. Presence of symptoms, tumour size (more or less than 5 cm), complete resection, TNM stage and histology grade were analyzed for predictors of survival. RESULTS: Patients comprised 11 women and seven men whose age ranged from 19 to 73 years (mean 50 years). Mean tumour diameter was 8.05 cm (range 2.5-15 cm) There were one grade 1, eight grade 2 and nine grade 3 tumours. Tumours in two patients were unresectable at first presentation, and another was of doubtful resectability according to computed tomography scan. These three patients received pre-operative chemotherapy, with a partial response in the two unresectable patients allowing macroscopically complete resection in both cases. We performed 12 lobectomies (extended to the chest wall in two cases and to the diaphragm in two cases) and six pneumonectomies (extended to the chest wall in one case and the superior vena cava in one case). Operative and 30 days post-operative mortality were nil. Resection margins were invaded in two cases. Six patients received post-operative chemo- or radiotherapy and three others underwent repeat resections for pulmonary sarcoma recurrence. No patients were lost to follow-up. Pulmonary sarcomas recurred in eight patients (44%) leading to death in five cases after a mean period of 17 months. Overall median survival was 48 months, and actuarial 5-year survival 43%. Only TNM stage correlated with significantly increased survival. CONCLUSION: As complete resection is the best therapeutic option for obtaining an acceptable survival rate in primary pulmonary sarcoma, pre-operative chemotherapy can be a useful adjunct in increasing the resectability of these tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Nodular granulomatous Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a bone marrow transplant recipient. Case report.

We report a case of nodular granulomatous Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation. The patient was a 40-year-old man who had undergone bone marrow transplantation for myeloblastic acute leukemia. He presented with fever, dyspnea and bilateral diffuse nodular infiltration of the lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage was negative. Open lung biopsy was performed. Histological examination revealed a granulomatous reaction with central necrosis surrounded by epithelioid and giant cells. Toluidine blue and Gomori-Grocott stains identified a few P. carinii. Mycobacterial and fungal cultures were negative. A granulomatous reaction is rarely observed and almost only in HIV-infected patients. To our knowledge this is the first description in a bone marrow transplant recipient.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Utility of cytokeratin 7 for distinguishing chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from renal oncocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a relatively uncommon variant of renal carcinoma described in 1985. The main differential diagnosis is renal oncocytoma. Hale's colloidal iron staining is a powerful adjunct to morphological interpretation but it is not specific and is sometimes difficult to interpret. We studied the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 7 to determine its value in distinguishing chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from renal oncocytoma. METHODS: Immunostaining was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor tissue of 6 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and 11 oncocytomas with an antibody to cytokeratin 7 (clone OV-TL 12/30, Dako, France) using a streptavidin-biotin method. RESULTS: All chromophobe renal cell carcinomas showed strong cytoplasmic staining with peripheral cell accentuation. In contrast, 8 of 11 oncocytomas were entirely negative and 3 showed only weak and focal staining in less than 5% of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin 7 may be useful for the differential diagnosis of renal oncocytomas and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas when Hale's colloidal iron staining is uncertain.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Solitary fibrous tumour of the kidney.

Solitary fibrous tumours are relatively rare neoplasms initially described in the pleura. Such lesions are now reported in many extrathoracic sites. To our knowledge, only 8 cases have been reported in the kidney. All these cases were benign. We report a patient with a solitary fibrous tumour of the kidney with infiltration of the wall of the renal vein. Microscopic examination showed proliferation of spindle cells with a prominent vascular haemangiopericytoma-like pattern. Hypercellular areas were admixed with hyalinized collagenous zones. The neoplastic cells stained for vimentin and CD34. CD31 was negative. Biologically, we did not find any arguments for malignancy: the flow cytometric study showed diploid histograms, and immunostaining for p53 was negative.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Developmental mucin gene expression in the gastroduodenal tract and accessory digestive glands. I. Stomach. A relationship to gastric carcinoma.

Studies were undertaken to provide information regarding cell-specific expression of mucin genes in stomach and their relation to developmental and neoplastic patterns of epithelial cytodifferentiation. In situ hybridization was used to study mRNA expression of eight mucin genes (MUC1-4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6, MUC7) in stomach of 13 human embryos and fetuses (8-27 weeks' gestation), comparing these with normal, metaplastic, and neoplastic adult tissues. These investigations have demonstrated that MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 are already expressed in the embryonic stomach at 8 weeks of gestation. MUC3 mRNA expression can be observed from 10.5 weeks of gestation. MUC2 is expressed at later stages, concomitant with mucous gland cytodifferentiation. Normal adult stomach is characterized by strong expression of MUC1, MUC5AC, and MUC6, less prominent MUC2, and sporadic MUC3 and MUC4, without MUC5B and MUC7. Intestinal metaplasia is characterized by an intestinal-type pattern with MUC2 and MUC3 mRNA expression. Gastric carcinomas exhibit altered mucin gene expression patterns with disappearance of MUC5AC and MUC6 mRNAs in some tumor glands, abnormal expression of MUC2, and reappearance of MUC5B mRNAs. In conclusion, we have observed that patterns of mucin gene expression in embryonic and fetal stomach could show similarities with some gastric carcinomas in adults. Differences in mucin gene expression in developmental, metaplastic, and neoplastic stomach compared to normal adult stomach suggest a possible regulatory role for their products in gastric epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Developmental mucin gene expression in the gastroduodenal tract and accessory digestive glands. II. Duodenum and liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Studies were undertaken to provide information regarding cell-specific expression of mucin genes and their relation to developmental and neoplastic patterns of epithelial cytodifferentiation. In situ hybridization was used to study mRNA expression of mucin genes in duodenum and accessory digestive glands (liver, gallbladder, pancreas) of 13 human embryos and fetuses (6. 5-27 weeks' gestation), comparing these with normal and neoplastic adult tissues. These investigations demonstrated that the pattern of mucin gene expression in fetal duodenum reiterated the patterns we observed during gastric and intestinal ontogenesis, with MUC2 and MUC3 expression in the surface epithelium and MUC6 expression associated with the development of Brünner's glands. In embryonic liver, MUC3 was already expressed at 6.5 weeks of gestation in hepatoblasts. As in adults, MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 were expressed in fetal gallbladder, whereas MUC4 was not. In contrast, MUC4 was strongly expressed in gallbladder adenocarcinomas. MUC5B and MUC6 were expressed in fetal pancreas, from 12 weeks and 26 weeks of gestation, respectively. Surprisingly, MUC3 which is strongly expressed in adult pancreas, was not detected in developmental pancreas. Taken together, these data show complex spatio-temporal regulation of the mucin genes and suggest a possible regulatory role for mucin gene products in gastroduodenal epithelial cell differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the renal pelvis. A report of 2 cases with clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

We describe 2 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor of the renal pelvis. Case 1, the male patient, was 37 years old, and case 2, the female patient, was 54 years old. Both patients presented with macroscopic hematuria and flank pain. Computed tomographic (CT) scan and ureterocystoscopy revealed in case 1 a mass in the left renal pelvis and the calyces. In case 2, urography showed a lacuna of the renal pelvis, and CT scan showed an irregular thickening of the renal pelvis. In both cases, the preoperative clinical diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma, and both patients underwent nephrectomy. Microscopic examination revealed in case 1 a tumor of the renal pelvis composed of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm in a myxoid and vascular stroma with abundant inflammatory infiltrate. In case 2, the tumor was composed of densely basophilic spindle cells in a fascicular pattern intermingled with lymphocytes and plasma cells and involving the lamina propria of the renal pelvis. The spindle cells reacted strongly with antibody to vimentin and focally with antibodies to smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin. In the urogenital tract inflammatory pseudotumor involves preferentially the urinary bladder. Rare cases have been reported in the kidney. The 2 cases presented here are unusual due to the location in the renal pelvis, mimicking urothelial carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Malignant mesenchymoma of mesentery. A controversial entity].

We report a case of malignant mesenchymoma developed in the mesentery in a 62-year-old man with no past history. It was an huge mass in the mesentery of the ileum. The tumor was composed of areas of chondrosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma in addition to an undifferentiated fusiform component. Malignant mesenchymoma is a rare sarcoma occurring preferentially in the retroperitoneum or the thigh. The location in the mesentery is exceptional. Malignant mesenchymoma is discussed more particularly with dedifferentiated liposarcoma with heterologous elements. The patient is alive without recurrence three years after surgery.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[Therapeutic management of epidermoid carcinoma of the penis: anatomoclinical discussion and review of the literature].

The therapeutic management of penile tumours is determined by the degree of local extension of the tumour, and the presence of lymph node involvement and visceral metastases. Many published studies have tried to define the best treatment options as a function of tumour grade and stage. However, in daily practice, the treatment of penile tumours still remains highly controversial. After reviewing the literature, the authors discuss the various treatment options available to urologists as a function of tumour stage and recall the management difficulties related to lymph node staging.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2000

[Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the kidney: morphologic and immunohistochemical features of two cases].

Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the kidney are infrequent. The large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a subtype with an aggressive course and a worse prognosis. We report two cases, a 35-year-old man and a 75-year-old woman who died within 6 and 5-months after surgery despite radical nephrectomy and chemotherapy. Histological and immunohistochemical features are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Prostatic malacoplakia: report of 3 cases].

Malakoplakia is a granulomatous inflammatory disorder occurring rarely in the prostate. We report our experience with three patients aged from 54 to 75 years old. Clinical presentations were unspecific. All patients presented with a past history of urinary tract infection. Ultrasound study revealed hypoechoic peripheral zone lesions. Histological examination showed a diffuse granulomatous inflammation with numerous histiocytes containing Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. In the prostate, malakoplakia is a histological variant of granulomatous chronic prostatitis following urinary infections. Clinically and radiologically, the differential diagnosis with adenocarcinoma is difficult. The symptoms disappear with a prolongated antibiotic treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Value of fetopathological examination in medical abortions: comparison of prenatal diagnosis and autopsy results of 300 fetuses].

This 3.5-year retrospective study report 300 fetus autopsies after pregnancy termination because of prenatal diagnosis of malformation. The objective was to evaluate the usefulness of postnatal examination of fetuses and to compare the post mortem findings with the prenatal diagnosis. This study included ultrasonography, radiology, karyotype, microbiology, genetic counseling and detailed pathological evaluation of the fetus: external, macroscopic, microscopic, brain and placenta examination. The results of post mortem examination were of paramount importance: they either changed the prenatal diagnosis hypothesis (20.3%), provided extensive additional information (41%), or confirmed the diagnosis hypothesis (38.7%). This study confirms the need for fetopathology examination after medical abortion. The pathologist's contribution to the multidisciplinary management of prenatally diagnosed fetal abnormalities is fundamental in particular for further genetic counseling; a specialized pathologist should be present in all prenatal diagnosis centers.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

Implication of HTLV-I infection, strongyloidiasis, and P53 overexpression in the development, response to treatment, and evolution of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in an endemic area (Martinique, French West Indies).

A clinicopathologic study was conducted to assess the implication of HTLV-I infection, Strongyloides stercoralis (Ss) infection, and P53 overexpression in the development, response to treatment, and evolution of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in Martinique, French West Indies. Two groups of patients, with 22 and 41 participants with B-cell and T-cell lymphoma, respectively, were analyzed. HTLV-I antibodies were detected in 24 (59%) patients with T-cell lymphoma of whom 19 (46%) fulfilled diagnostic criteria of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). By comparison with other T-cell lymphomas, patients with ATLL were significantly younger (52 versus 63 years; p = .03), had a significantly higher incidence of hypercalcemia (60% versus 0%; p = .0001), a trend for higher incidence of digestive tract localization (21% versus 4%; p = .1) and significantly shorter median survival (6 versus 17 months; p = .03). Similar results were observed when all 24 HTLV-I-infected patients with T-cell lymphoma were compared with the 17 seronegative patients. Strongyloidiasis was diagnosed in 11 of 34 patients tested for Ss infection. All 4 Ss-infected (Ss-positive) ATLL patients treated with combination chemotherapy achieved complete remission (CR) versus only 2 of 7 Ss-negative ATLL patients (p = .04). In addition, survival of Ss-positive patients with ATLL was better than that of the uninfected patients: 27 versus 5 months, p = .04, respectively). P53 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on lymph node biopsies from 37 patients including 18 B-cell lymphomas, 14 ATLL, and 5 other T-cell lymphomas. P53 overexpression (P53-positive) was observed in 6 samples that corresponded in all 6 patients with ATLL. All P53-positive ATLL patients had stage IV disease with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. By comparison with other ATLL patients studied for p53 expression, P53-positive ATLL were characterized by a lower response rate to combination chemotherapy (CR: 0 of 6 versus 4 of 6; p = .04) and a shorter survival (2 versus 9 months, p = .04). Our results suggest that ATLL represents almost 50% of T-cell lymphomas in Martinique; Ss infection during ATLL seems to be linked with a high response rate to chemotherapy and prolonged survival; and P53 overexpression is observed in almost 50% of aggressive ATLL from Martinique and, even in advanced clinical subtypes, is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and short-term survival.

Adolescent↗