Biomedical subjects

B Goode

Publications and source records attributed to B Goode.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with leaf lettuce consumption.

In July 1995, 40 Montana residents were identified with laboratory-confirmed Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection; 52 residents had bloody diarrhea without laboratory confirmation. The median age of those with laboratory-confirmed cases was 42 years (range, 4- 86); 58% were female. Thirteen patients were hospitalized, and 1 developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome. A case-control study showed that 19 (70%) of 27 patients but only 8 (17%) of 46 controls reported eating purchased (not home-grown) leaf lettuce before illness (matched odds ratio, 25.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-1065.6). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified a common strain among 22 of 23 isolates tested. Implicated lettuce was traced to two sources: a local Montana farm and six farms in Washington State that shipped under the same label. This outbreak highlights the increasing importance of fresh produce as a vehicle in foodborne illness. Sanitary growing and handling procedures are necessary to prevent these infections.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Direct analysis and identification of proteins in mixtures by LC/MS/MS and database searching at the low-femtomole level.

A method to directly identify proteins contained in mixtures by microcolumn reversed-phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) is studied. In this method, the mixture of proteins is digested with a proteolytic enzyme to produce a large collection of peptides. The complex peptide mixture is then separated on-line with a tandem mass spectrometer, acquiring large numbers of tandem mass spectra. The tandem mass spectra are then used to search a protein database to identify the proteins present. Results from standard protein mixtures show that proteins present in simple mixtures can be readily identified with a 30-fold difference in molar quantity, that the identifications are reproducible, and that proteins within the mixture can be identified at low femtomole levels. Based on these studies, methodology has been developed for direct LC/MS/MS analysis of proteins enriched by immunoaffinity precipitation, specific interaction with a protein-protein fusion product, and specific interaction with a macromolecular complex. The approach described in this article provides a rapid method for the direct identification of proteins in mixtures.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1991

Invariant characteristics of gait initiation.

Studies were undertaken first to describe the invariant characteristics of gait initiation and second to better understand the function of each limb in the process of gait initiation. Analysis of variance indicated significant main effects for speed for time to onset of EMG activity and force plate recordings, time to swing toe-off and heel-strike and stance toe-off. However, when the dependent variables were expressed as a percentage of the initiation cycle, no significant main effects were noted. For the second study, two force plates were utilized, and reflective markers were placed on the sacrum and anterior superior iliac spines. The timing of heel-strike of the swing limb and toe-off of the stance limb showed a high degree of coordination in both experiments (r = 0.95 and 0.98). It was concluded that the relative invariance of selected parameters indicates that gait initiation is centrally programmed. It also appears that the swing limb, although forces were very small, is responsible for the initial weight shift to the stance limb and that the stance limb is then primarily responsible for the generation of momentum.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Interface pressures in above-knee sockets.

The interface pressures in above-knee sockets of amputee patients were measured during the stance phase of the gait cycle. The pressures were monitored with a pneumatic sensor array that covered the inside of the socket. A pressure map of the socket surface was developed. This map has been related to the fit of the prosthetic socket. The pressures generated by the quadrilateral socket and the Normal Shape Normal Alignment (NSNA) socket were compared. Significant variations were noted in pressure distribution between the two sockets, but the magnitudes of the pressures in well-fitting sockets of both types were similar. Thus, magnitude of pressure in an above-knee socket may provide a more useful guide than distribution for predicting the fit of an appliance.

Artificial Limbs↗

PubMed1986

An outbreak of gastroenteritis on a passenger cruise ship.

In an outbreak of gastroenteritis on board a cruise ship 251 passengers and 51 crew were affected and consulted the ship's surgeon during a 14-day period. There was a significant association between consumption of cabin tap water and reported illness in passengers. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were isolated from passengers and crew and coliforms were found in the main water storage tank. Contamination of inadequately chlorinated water by sewage was the most likely source of infection. A low level of reported illness and late recognition of the outbreak delayed investigation of what was probably the latest in a series of outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness on board this ship. There is a need for a national surveillance programme which would monitor the extent of illness on board passenger cruise ships as well as a standard approach to the action taken when levels of reported illness rise above a defined level.

Disease Outbreaks↗

PubMed1984

The influence of environmental aging upon the loadbearing properties of polyurethane foams.

The effects of environmental exposure upon the loadbearing properties of nine polyurethane foams commonly used for wheelchair cushion construction were studied. Test pieces with and without a stretch cloth cover were aged in the open air at Houston over the period April 26 to October 31, 1982. The indentation resistance of each piece was measured initially and at frequent intervals during the exposure period. Resistance changes between covered and uncovered specimens were not found to be significant. All foams displayed a sharp rise in indentation resistance within the first 2 weeks of aging followed by a gradual decrease to an average 68 percent of the initial value over a 6-month period. These hardness changes were found to be strongly correlated with the density, thickness, and initial indentation resistance of the test pieces. Foams of maximum density and minimum practicable indentation resistance are recommended for wheelchair cushion construction to minimize the adverse effects of environmental aging upon the support properties of these devices.

Environmental Exposure↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of stroke management in an Irish university teaching hospital: the Royal College of Physicians stroke audit package.

BACKGROUND: There are few data regarding the standard of stroke care in Ireland. AIM: To investigate the level of documentation for 13 key areas of stroke management. METHODS: Using a validated stroke audit package, this study reviewed the medical records of 100 consecutive patients hospitalised with acute stroke. RESULTS: Documentation of stroke symptoms, risk factors, general examination and investigations (cranial computer tomography [CT] and carotid Dopplers) were satisfactory. Neurological documentation was variable, with power (87%), sensation (70%) and eye movements (63%) being the most frequently recorded features, while cognition (3%), visual fields (13%), gait (7%), incontinence (1%) and swallowing (0%) were infrequently recorded. Diagnostic formulation and an acute management plan were documented in less than half of patients, whereas cranial CT (93%) and carotid Dopplers (93%) were well documented. Secondary preventive measures were documented in two-thirds of patients at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results serve as a baseline from which to initiate and monitor improvements in the service at our hospital, including the involvement of neurologists in stroke care, and will also allow assessment of the impact of such changes.

Aged↗