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Biomedical subjects

B Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to B Goldberg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

GADabouts!

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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association↗
PubMed1995

Fate of soluble methionine in African trypanosomes: effects of metabolic inhibitors.

The metabolism of [35S]methionine in cultured bloodstream forms of African trypanosomes was followed using flow-through radiodetection linked to liquid chromatography separation. The effects of a transmethylase inhibitor, sinefungin, and of the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (Ornidyl; DFMO), on methionine metabolism were also observed. Trypanosomes rapidly incorporated [35S]methionine into S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and the metabolites methylthioadenosine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, homocysteine, cystathionine cysteine and glutathione. Untreated trypanosomes excreted large quantities of cystathionine and cysteine into the growth medium. DFMO-treated cells formed larger quantities of AdoMet more rapidly than did control cells, as was evident from initial time points (30 min and 1 h). Decarboxylated AdoMet, present in trace quantities in control cells, accumulated in DFMO-treated cells. Sinefungin increased the AdoMet concentrations approximately 20-fold over that of controls after a 6 h incubation with [35S]methionine, while cystathionine and cysteine levels decreased. The half-life (t1/2) and rate of turnover of AdoMet were measured in cells treated with DFMO or sinefungin. DFMO treatment caused a substantial increase in the rate of AdoMet utilization, while sinefungin extended the t1/2 and lowered AdoMet turnover. These studies show that trypanosomes rapidly metabolize methionine through AdoMet to intermediates of the polyamine and transmethylation pathways. Agents inhibiting these pathways rapidly affect the concentration and rate of utilization of AdoMet, significantly changing the concentrations of metabolites.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1995

AIDS research policy.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Improved results of delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing in HIV-infected patients treated with topical dinitrochlorobenzene.

BACKGROUND: Infection with HIV results in progressive deterioration of cell-mediated immunity, with consequent impairment of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactivity. Topical dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is thought to increase cellular immune function in HIV infection. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate changes in DTH skin reactivity of HIV-infected patients who were given DNCB therapy. METHODS: DTH skin testing and lymphocyte subset analysis were performed in five HIV-infected patients before the start of DNCB treatment and after 3 months of therapy. Topical DNCB application was carried out by the patients according to a standardized protocol. RESULTS: DNCB therapy enhanced DTH skin test responses in four of five patients. Three patients who were anergic before the start of treatment reacted to skin test antigens while using DNCB. The skin test results did not correlate with lymphocyte subset changes. CONCLUSION: DNCB treatment improves DTH skin test responses in HIV-infected patients, indicating a positive effect on cellular immune function.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1995

Submucosal calculi: endoscopic and intraluminal sonographic diagnosis and treatment options.

After shock wave lithotripsy and endoscopic lithotripsy, occasionally a patient has persistent ureteral fragments associated with ureteral obstruction. After lithotripsy, stone fragments may be embedded in the ureteral mucosa, and they may become completely submucosal and associated with obstruction. Others may be hidden in iatrogenic ureteral outpouchings, while still others may be extruded from the ureter entirely. We present 20 patients who were referred after previous treatment failed to clear fragments or who had residual obstruction. The majority of patients had failed endoscopic fragment retrieval or shock wave lithotripsy and were referred with ureteral obstruction. All patients were reevaluated by repeated upper tract endoscopy with small diameter endoscopes. As an adjunct to ureteral endoscopy, a 6F, 20 MHz. ultrasound probe was placed transureterally to determine the depth and location of stones. A total of 15 patients in this series had hyperechoic foci with shadowing consistent with submucosal or periureteral stone fragments. A decision for treatment was based upon the location as noted by sonographic and fluoroscopic visualization of intramucosal and submucosal fragments. Calculi more than 4 mm. from the lumen were not removed without evidence of obstruction. Multiple, small (speckled) fragments embedded in the mucosa were often associated with subsequent stricture. Solitary fragments within the wall of the ureter could be removed with relief of obstruction. The risk of embedding calculi submucosally during lithotripsy should be recognized. Submucosal fragments causing obstruction should be removed endoscopically. Totally extruded calculi may be left in situ safely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The dexamethasone suppression test and the diagnosis of depression in adults with severe and profound developmental disabilities.

The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was administered to 40 adults with severe and profound mental retardation. All participants were free from known conditions which may have given misleading results from cortisol assay. Of nine participants who showed symptoms possibly indicating depression the DST results concurred in two cases (i.e. there were two true-positives). However there were four or five (depending on criteria adopted) false-positive DST results. There did not appear to be a consistent behavioural profile for positive DST responders. With sensitivity to possible depression estimated at 22%, and a diagnostic confidence of < 35%, these data do not support recommendations that the DST is useful for assisting in diagnosis of depression in this population.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Personality and trait disturbances in an adult mental retardation population: significance for psychiatric management.

The authors demonstrate the high prevalence of personality disorders in 384 intellectually impaired individuals examined in both community and institutional settings in southwestern Ontario, Canada. The relationship of specific clusters of personality disorders to later onset of psychiatric disorders in intellectually impaired individuals is suggested. New approaches to the management of personality disorders are noted utilizing clinical case studies. Differences and similarities in nomenclature in American and International diagnostic classifications are illustrated in this study. The use of a detailed longitudinal and cross-sectional collection of biological, social and standardized personality schedules is demonstrated as feasible in this special population.

Activities of Daily Living↗