Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Georgieva.
A case is presented with lymphosarcoma and generalization of the process, with an atypical initial localization of the tumour in the gluteal regions. The grounds for admittance of the extranodal origination is the rather long period of time (10 months) after the initial manifestation of the tumour till the following generalization, accompanied by a deterioration of the patient's state.
The morphological, cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of basophilic cells in patients with chronic myeloleukosis were studied. The basophilic elements, dynamically followed up, from all phases of maturation, represented from 48 to 83 per cent of the cellular population in the peripheral blood and marrow. The cytochemical and ultrastructural investigations confirmed their belonging to the basophilic line. Certain changes were found, being an evidence of disorders in the maturation and metabolism of the cells. The high basophilic index, combined with a low neurophilic one, suggest the participation of the basophilic line in the leukosis process. On the base of the results obtained, the conception of the existence of basophilic leukosis is admitted.
A case of multiple plasmocytoma in a women is described, with a several-year radicular syndrome and, recently, with numerous pathologic fractures and tumour formations on the head and sternum. The problem of bone pains, pathologic fractures and tumours -- osseous manifestations of the diseases are discussed.
Clinical and microbiological examinations of patients with acute leucosis and chronic myelo- and lympholeucosis were carried out aiming at the elucidation of incidence, localization and causative agents of the infectious diseases along with them. The infectious complications were concluded to present a serious problem in the treatment of leucosis, due to which their diagnosis is of essential importance for their early diagnosis, timely treatment and prophylaxis.
The activity of G-6PD and PK in erythrocytes and ATP content in erythrocyte hemolysate in patients with leucosis (acute, chronic myelo- and chronic lympholeucosis) was investigated. A reduced G-6PD activity was found in the majority of the patients examined, being most markedly manifested in the patients with chronic lympholeucosis and least--in the patients with chronic myeloleucosis. About 50 per cent of the patients with acute leucosis and chronic lympholeucosis have reduced PK activity and in those with chronic myeloleucosis -- increased. ATP content is increased in patients with chronic myeloleucosis and in the rest of the patients -- normal. A disturbance of glucose metabolism in erythrocytes in patients with leucosis is concluded to exist.
Copper and magnesium in plasma and erythrocyte hemolysate were investigated of leucosis patients: acute and chronic (myelo-and lympholeucosis) in an active stage. In all patients, elevated average values of copper in plasma were established as compared with the controls (p greater than 0.05), being the highest in patients with lympholeucosis. Copper in erythrocyte hemolysate was not elevated in all three kinds of leucosis as compared with the controls (p greater than 0.05). Plasma magnesium was elevated in the patients with acute leucosis and chronic lympholeucosis, whereas in erythrocyte hemolysate, magnesium values were elevated in all three kinds of leucosis (p less than 0.05). The elevation of copper in plasma is associated with the malignant process and the elevation of magnesium in erythrocytes -- with a changed erythrocyte metabolism in leucosis patients.
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Clinical-laboratory observations were carried out on 40 patients with multiple plasmocytoma. Morbidity maximum was established to be during the fifth and sixth decade of life and that males are more frequently affected and bone manifestations are dominating initial symptoms. The anemic syndrome, the renal syndrome, erythrocyte sedimentation reaction and the data of the differential leukocyte count are discussed in details. Special attention is paid to the pathognomonic examinations in making the diagnosis: myelogram, electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis and bone roentgenography. The absence of changes in one of those examinations is concluded not to exclude the diagnosis multiple plasmocytoma as it is found in 10--20 per cent of the cases.
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One hundred and forty three patients with lymphoreticular blastoma were examined 97 of them with Hodgkin disease in various clinical stages, 26 patients with reticulosarcoma and 20--with lymphosarcoma. The following indices were determined in all patients; hemoglobin, serum iron, total ironbinding capacity and the degree of saturation of transferins. Low values of serum iron were found in the exacerbated stages of patients with Hodgkin, especially in III and IV clinical stage. They are decreased also in patients with reticulosarcoma but to a less degree, while in those with lymphosarcoma--they are within normal limits. The total iron binding capacity is elevated in the same stages, the saturation degree of transferins being decreased. Hemoglobin increases in the stage of clinical improvement in the patients with Hodgkin, as well as iron and saturation degree of transferins. The total iron binding capacity is decreasedmthe changes in the above indices, though not specific, were concluded to be able to serve as additional tests in the determination of the period and to a certain extent, of the stage in patients with Hodgkin as well as to make a differential diagnosis with the rest lymphoreticular blastomas.
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Nivalin P, composed of Nivalin (galanthamine hydrobromide) and Pymadin (4-aminopyridine hydrochloride), was applied extracellularly to isolated skeletal muscle fibers during prolonged activity (fatiguing) to better understand the effects of the drug on membrane ionic processes. Changes in intracellular action potential (ICAP) and twitch (Tw) parameters were monitored from treated and untreated fibers during uninterrupted activity (endurance time, ET) produced by repetitive stimulation every 200 msec for 3 min. Nivalin P-induced a shortening of the ET, drastic changes in repolarization of the ICAP corresponding to changes in negative afterpotential and falling area and an initial increase of the Tw amplitude and duration. These results suggest that Nivalin P: (i) inhibits the Na+, K(+)-pump due to nonspecific reduction of Na+ influx, stimulates the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger and inhibits K+ conductance; (ii) increases Ca2+ release and delays Ca2+ uptake under sufficient depolarization. It was concluded that fatigue develops faster in the presence of Nivalin P.
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