H-Y antigen was studied in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from male and female subjects by indirect immunofluorescence. In males, 20% of lymphocytes were found to be H-Y+, compared with 9% in females. B- and T-cell-enrichment analysis showed a close correlation between the male B-lymphocyte count and the H-Y+-cell count. The method described is particularly applicable to the measurement of H-Y antigen in cases of ambiguous sex differentiation since it offers direct demonstration of H-Y antigen in the cells of the individual under examination.

Animals↗

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[Electroencephalographic course of severe hepatic coma due to acute hepatitis, treated successfully by repeated exchange transfusions].

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Child↗

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Transfusion therapy and HLA antibody response in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

HLA antibody formation was studied in 212 patients undergoing open-heart surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass in relation to the following variables: sex, obstetric history, transfusion history, quantity and nature of blood products transfused, type of oxygenator used, duration of bypass, and time of assay. Postoperative alloimmunization was seen in 33.6 percent of males and 64.3 percent of females. Previous pregnancy seemed to favor the development of antibody. No statistically significant correlation was noted between alloimmunization and the amount of blood products transfused. The best time for assay was day eight following surgery.

Adult↗

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A new method for monitoring the sterility of blood donation.

Sterility of blood products is a cardinal contributor to patient safety. Bacteriologic controls of stable products comply with strict regulations, but legislation imposes only limited constraints in the case of perishable products, such as packed red cells (RBCs) or fresh-frozen plasma (FFP). Therefore, it is essential to monitor the sterility of aseptic donations from uninfected donors. Such bacteriologic monitoring can now be carried out through a tertiary bag (containing a soybean casein culture medium) connected to the classical double-pack system. This system does not jeopardize the sterility of the whole system, as the connection is tightly stoppered by a membrane. After the blood drawing, this tertiary bag is filled with 5 ml of blood, and separated from the rest of the system. It is then incubated for 3 days at 30 degrees C and for 14 days at 22 degrees C, to test for eventual bacteriologic or fungal contamination. In order to check the feasibility of this technique, we studied 76 blood drawings in the control laboratory of the blood center, and the results confirm the value of this system.

Blood Transfusion↗

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[Incidence of blood transfusion on the development of cancer].

It has been known since 1974 that blood transfusion can depress the immune system, which proved to be a benefit for future renal transplant recipients since transplants were found to be better tolerated after one or several pre-transplantation transfusions. Hence the idea that the immunodepression thus obtained could have deleterious effects on cancer patients operated upon and receiving a blood transfusion during surgery. The first retrospective study, carried out in 1982, showed that among patients with cancer of the colon 84 percent of those who had not been perfused and only 51 percent of those who had been perfused were alive and without recurrence at 5 years. Since this study, numerous reports have been published with conflicting results in patients with cancer of the colon and rectum, as well as uterine cervix, kidney, lung, breast, vulva, stomach, soft tissues and the E.N.T. region cancers. Several hypotheses have been formulated to explain the immunosuppression, ranging from the action of "substances" in the plasma-solution sampling mixe to disorders in eicosanoids metabolism induced by blood perfusion. Today, no firm and definite conclusion can be drawn from these reports, but labile components of blood must always be used with caution.

Colonic Neoplasms↗

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[Erythrocytes and alcohol: hemorheologic manifestations of alcoholism].

Hemorheological parameters were studied in 218 subjects: 129 alcoholic liver diseases, 19 alcoholic patients without liver damage, 20 liver diseases without alcoholism and 50 controls. Whole blood filtration (WBF) is significantly decreased in the group of alcoholic patients; whole blood and plasma viscosity are increased in the groups of alcoholic patients as well as in the group of non alcoholic liver diseases. The liver damage seems not to be a determining factor to the genesis of filterability impairment. Alcohol and/or one of its metabolites induce erythrocytes morphological alterations (scanning electro-microscopy) correlated with some alterations of the RBC membrane lipids content (increased cholesterol/phospholipids ratio). It is suggested that these hemorheological patterns must be discussed in cases of alcoholic liver diseases as well as in following up alcohol withdrawal.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

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