Individual antigenic specificity of human macroglobulins. II. Dependence of an antigenic determinant on the disulfide bond between the and kappa chains.
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Alkylation↗
Biomedical subjects
B G Solheim
Publications and source records attributed to B G Solheim.
Individual antigenic specificity of human macroglobulins: Localization of antigenic determinants and their use to demonstrate formation of hybrid molecules after reduction and reassociation.
The localization of individually specific antigenic determinants on the monoclonal gammaM Mö was studied in gel diffusion experiments with 19S gammaM Mö and its 7S subunit. Various types of such determinants were delineated. Some were demonstrable both on the intact macroglobulin molecule and on the subunit. The latter was often unable to precipitate with the corresponding antibody, but combined with it and inhibited precipitation. Immunization of rabbits with purified gammaMs Mö was the most useful way to obtain antisera demonstrating individually specific antigenic determinants on the subunit by direct precipitation. Still other determinants were apparently destroyed by mild reduction of the gammaM molecule. Reduction and reassociation of mixtures of two monoclonal gammaM-globulins resulted in formation of hybrid molecules containing subunits of different origin. Individually specific antisera against the two components were useful for demonstrating hybrid formation. Serological activity, i.e., cold agglutinin activity, was present in the hybrid molecules.
Alkylation↗
Complement activation by angiographic catheters in vitro.
PURPOSE: Four different polymers used in commercial angiographic catheters were compared in vitro with respect to their ability to activate the complement system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Commercially available angiographic catheters made from one of the following plastics were used: polyamide, polyethylene, polyurethane, and polytetrafluoroethylene. Silicone-coated latex urinary catheters served as the reference standard. Each catheter was cut into 20-mm segments, immersed in a polypropylene tube containing fresh serum from a volunteer donor, and incubated at 37 degrees C. Samples were drawn at 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 6 hours; C3 activation products (C3AP) and the terminal complement complex (TCC) content were estimated with enzyme immunoassays. RESULTS: By 1 hour, a significant increase in C3AP and TCC concentrations was observed with all angiographic catheters relative to controls (P < .01-.001). The time-concentration plots for both C3AP and TCC were steepest for polyamide. C3AP concentrations relative to controls were significantly higher with exposure to polyamide compared with polyurethane at 1 hour (P < .01), and with both polyethylene and polyurethane at 6 hours (P < .01). Polytetrafluoroethylene induced larger amounts of C3AP formation by 6 hours than polyethylene and polyurethane (P < .05). However, polytetrafluoroethylene was associated with the lowest relative median concentrations of TCC; the difference with polyamide was significant at 6 hours (P < .001). As with C3AP, differences in TCC generation between polyethylene and polyurethane were marginal at all observation points (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: All the polymers tested activated the complement system. Activation was most prominent with exposure to polyamide and least marked with polyurethane.
Angiography↗
Influence of HLA matching on kidney graft survival.
The influence of matching for the whole HLA haplotype as well as for the separate HLA antigens controlled by this region, was studied in a material of 98 living related and 178 cadaveric first transplants. Graft survival corresponded closely to the degree of HLA haplotype disparity between donor and recipient. Furthermore, graft survival was less in combinations being incompatible for the serologically defined HL-A and -B antigens as compared to compatible combinations. A weak MLC response between donor and recipient, even in the presence of HL-A and -B disparity, might signify prolonged graft survival.
Consanguinity↗
Preliminary results with passive enhancement in human kidney transplantation.
Passive enhancement was attempted with F (ab') 2-fragments in six patients receiving their first and in one patient the second one haplotype mis-matched kidney graft. Administration of enhancing antibody in the first graft patients seemed safe, the group was however too small to determine whether the enhanced patients did better than those conventionally treated. The only pre-sensitized patient who received his second transplant rejected it during the first week, possibly due to a deleterious effect of the F (ab') 2-fragments.
Adolescent↗