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Biomedical subjects

B G Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to B G Hansson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Long term follow up of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in intravenous drug abusers and homosexual men.

Long term follow up of 16 homosexual men and 78 intravenous drug abusers who were chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) showed fundamental differences between the two groups. Viral replication, expressed by the presence of hepatitis B e antigen, lasted for four years or more in 10 out of 14 (71%) of the homosexual men whereas it was not present in 43 out of 73 (59%) of the drug addicts within one year. This shows a difference in the immunological response between homosexual HBsAg carriers and addicts that is not related to infection with human T cell lymphotropic virus type III. Severe histological damage such as chronic aggressive hepatitis, cirrhosis, or primary liver cancer was found in more than half of the homosexual men who underwent biopsy examinations. In drug addicts chronic persistent hepatitis was a regular finding in the absence of markers of delta infection, but in those addicts infected with the delta agent the degree of liver damage was comparable with that found in homosexual men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Influence of twenty potentially antiviral substances on in vitro multiplication of hepatitis A virus.

A multiwell tissue culture system was developed to study the influence of various substances on hepatitis A virus (HAV) propagation. A panel of 20 substances of different structure types, each with known effect against at least some viruses, was studied at a concentration of 100 microM. Three substances showed reproducible inhibition. The strongest inhibitor, arabinosylcytosine, also produced cytotoxic changes in cells down to a concentration of 1 microM, and its effect was considered as nonspecific. Amantadine and ribavirin showed a moderate effect at 100 microM. A stronger inhibition was seen at 250 and 500 microM, doses that are toxic and impractical for clinical use. Although no promising candidates for antiviral treatment of hepatitis A have emerged from the present study, the assay model described here would seem useful in the screening of substances with inhibitory effects on HAV.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1986

Hepatitis A, B, and delta infection in Ethiopia: a serologic survey with demographic data.

A total of 500 individuals from five different regions of Ethiopia were studied. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and serologic tests were carried out to detect antigen and antibody markers of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus, and the delta agent. Data on the economic status, number of rooms per household, number of persons per household, type of water supply, and mode of excreta disposal revealed that the majority of the population surveyed lived with economic hardship, overcrowding and poor hygiene. Only 36 persons gave a past history of jaundice. The mean carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 6.2%, the mean overall hepatitis B virus marker prevalence was 42%, and in those over 14 years of age it was 76%. Among those who were positive for HBsAg, there was a tendency for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to decrease and the corresponding antibody (anti-HBe) to increase with advancing age. No woman more than 15 years of age had demonstrable hepatitis B e antigen in serum. Antibody to hepatitis A virus was detected in 84%. Three positive individuals were found to have antibody to the delta agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B. I. Seroconversion in the hepatitis B e-system, frequency of delta infection and histological outcome.

Sixty patients with liver biopsy documented chronic hepatitis B attending Roslagstull Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden, were followed during a mean period of 53 months (range 7-133 months) in order to evaluate the frequency of delta infection and HBeAg seroconversion as well as the histological outcome as assessed by liver biopsy. Spontaneous HBeAg clearance and development of anti-HBe occurred among 17 of 36 initially HBeAg positive patients (47%), corresponding to an annual seroconversion rate of 11%. Biochemical improvement was noted in 7/17 patients (41%) after seroconversion as against in 2/19 patients (10.5%) with HBeAg persistence. Superinfection with the delta agent was seen to be associated with severe liver injury among drug addicts and immigrants with chronic hepatitis B. In the absence of a delta infection, progressive liver disease seemed to be associated with persistence of HBeAg. Although none of the homosexual men studied were delta superinfected, 71% developed chronic active hepatitis (CAH) with or without cirrhosis (CI).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Hepatitis B virus and delta infection in male homosexuals.

Six hundred and sixty-six homosexuals were analysed in respect of hepatitis B virus and delta infections. Evidence of ongoing or recent hepatitis B virus infection was found in 450/666 (67.6%) homosexuals; 44 were HBsAg positive. Anti-delta was found in two HBsAg-positive homosexuals. Both individuals had a non-replicative form of HBV infection and biochemical evidence of liver disease. The study confirms that HBV infection is frequent in homosexuals and indicates that delta-infection is rare in male homosexuals.

Berlin↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B. II. Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum correlated to the hepatitis Be-system and presence of delta superinfection.

Forty-six patients with liver biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis B were followed for a mean period of 44 months. A total of 200 serum samples from these patients was analyzed for the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA). The results were correlated to the HBeAg/anti-HBe status and to the presence of anti-delta as a marker for delta superinfection. In the initial serum samples HBV-DNA was detected in the vast majority of the patients independent of the HBeAg/anti-HBe results and whether the patients were superinfected by delta agent or not. During the complete follow-up period, HBV-DNA was detected in 88% of those patients who were positive for HBeAg, irrespective of the presence or absence of a simultaneous delta infection. When anti-HBe positive, 79% of the patients with anti-delta had detectable HBV-DNA in their sera, while only 43% of those negative for anti-delta were positive for HBV-DNA. The results indicate a high prevalence of virus release into the blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B, especially among patients positive for HBeAg and among those anti-HBe positive patients who have a delta superinfection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Lack of hepatitis B virus DNA sequences in sera from patients with acute and chronic liver diseases diagnosed as non-A, non-B-hepatitis.

The sera of 15 individuals with transfusion-associated acute or chronic non A, non B hepatitis, which lacked hepatitis B virus markers, were tested for hepatitis B virus DNA by dot blot hybridization test. Three sera of two patients positive in this test, however, also gave positive results when the labeled plasmid was used as probe instead of labeled HBV-DNA, indicating false positive results in the initial test. In conclusion, the data indicated that sera of patients with confirmed non A, non B hepatitis do not contain DNA-sequences in the serum hybridizing with HBV-DNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Prevalence and clinical effects of delta agent. Infections in Norwegian population subgroups.

The distribution of antibodies against the delta agent was studied in different groups of hepatitis B patients in Norway. Such antibodies were detected only in drug addicts, predominantly among chronic HBsAg carriers. The results support the notion that the delta agent was introduced into Scandinavia in 1970-75. Although the proportion of anti-delta positive individuals among chronic HBsAg carriers increased, the annual increase of new anti-delta carriers was essentially stable. One death caused by hepatic failure was registered among 43 anti-delta negative and none among 21 anti-delta positive chronic HBsAg carrier addicts.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Fulminant delta hepatitis among Swedish drug addicts.

Between 1979 and 1984 11 cases of fulminant hepatitis were seen at the Department of Infectious Diseases in Lund, Sweden. Four cases were associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Besides, all 4 patients had serological evidence of delta infection. Two were considered to be simultaneous HBV and delta agent infections, the other 2 were found to be delta superinfections in chronic HBsAg carriers. All 4 patients were intravenous drug addicts. The other 7 cases of fulminant hepatitis had no serological evidence of neither hepatitis A nor B virus infections and none of them were intravenous drug addicts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Etiopathogenetic aspects of hepatitis A. I. Excretion of hepatitis A virus, biochemistry of liver function, and humoral immune response in patients with hepatitis A on admission to hospital.

The excretion of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in stools from 30 patients with clinically overt hepatitis A infection on the day of their admission to the hospital was determined and compared with the dynamics and values of biochemical indices of hepatocyte injury as well as with the immune response to HAV. Virus was found in 16 out of 30 stools (53%) collected within 1 week after the appearance of clinical symptoms. In sera obtained on the day of hospitalization both IgM and IgA anti-HAV were detected in all of the 30 patients, while IgG anti-HAV were found in 20 (67%). There was a correlation between HAV excretion and increasing SGPT upon admission to hospital, while the level of SGPT or bilirubin as well as presence or absence of IgG anti-HAV did not correlate with excretion of HAV. HAV from stools was characterized morphologically and physicochemically. The majority of particles visualized by immune electron microscopy had electrondense appearance, while electron-lucid particles were only occasionally encountered. Isopycnic banding of HAV in CsCl revealed a broad range of densities with HAV activity. Rebanding of pooled fractions containing HAV revealed peak amounts of the virus in fractions with densities 1.32-1.33 gm/cm3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Hepatitis B virus-DNA in the serum of patients followed-up longitudinally with acute and chronic hepatitis B.

Sera from 79 patients with acute self-limiting hepatitis, 17 patients with acute hepatitis B evolving into chronic HBsAg carriership, and 43 chronic HBsAg carriers without a history of acute hepatitis were analyzed for presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA by a molecular hybridization technique. In acute self-limiting hepatitis, HBV-DNA was cleared within a few weeks after the onset of clinical symptoms. The longest period of DNA positivity observed in this group was 42 days. In 29 of 52 patients HBV-DNA was cleared before HBeAg disappeared. Among 17 patients who became chronic HBsAg carriers, HBV-DNA was present for more than 6 months in all but one. Most of the HBsAg carriers eventually cleared HBV-DNA. The DNA clearance frequently preceeded the conversion of HBeAg to anti-HBe. Thus, in many patients there was a transitional period with HBeAg but without HBV-DNA. HBV-DNA was found to be a better index of impending chronicity than HBeAg since persistence of HBeAg for more than 42 days was noted in 10% of the patients who nevertheless cleared HBsAg within 6 months. By that time all those patients had turned negative for HBV-DNA. On the other hand, in 16 of the 17 patients who became chronic carriers of HBsAg, HBV-DNA as well as HBeAg persisted for more than 6 months. The present results also suggest that infectivity in acute hepatitis B is a feature mainly of the presymptomatic and early symptomatic period.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Dietary bovine beta-lactoglobulin is transferred to human milk.

Human milk from 38 mothers was analysed by radioimmunological method for content of bovine beta-lactoglobulin. Detectable amounts (5-33 micrograms/l) of immunoactive beta-lactoglobulin were found in 18 human milk samples. Milk from 3 mothers, whose infants suffered from infantile colic contained high amounts of beta-lactoglobulin (32, 18 and 14 micrograms/l respectively). With the mothers on a cow's milk free diet the contents fell to non-detectable amounts in two mothers and to 6 micrograms/l in the third. All three infants became free from colic.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Antihypertensive effect of felodipine combined with beta-blockade. A comparison between 2 and 3 daily dosages.

24 hypertensive patients, who were not satisfactorily controlled (diastolic blood pressure greater than 95 mm Hg) with beta-blockers alone were randomised to 2 treatment groups where felodipine was administered for 2 weeks in a total daily dose of 15 mg divided in 2 or 3 doses. Following a 2-week placebo washout period, the patients were switched to the alternative dose regimen in a double-blind crossover manner. Blood pressure was measured with standard techniques and was also non-invasively monitored for 24 hours at the end of each dose regimen period and at the end of the intermediate placebo period. Mean arterial blood pressure at the end of the placebo run-in period was 169/105 mm Hg. Felodipine 5 mg thrice daily reduced blood pressure by 20/9 mm Hg and felodipine 7.5 mg twice daily by 17/9 mm Hg (p less than 0.05). The difference between the 2 dose regimens was not statistically significant. When 24-hour blood pressure measurements for the 2 dose regimens were compared, there were no statistically significant differences. Both regimens reduced the 24-hour blood pressure significantly compared with placebo. Two patients were withdrawn during the study, 1 before felodipine treatment started and the other due to diarrhoea and flushing related to felodipine. Otherwise felodipine was generally well tolerated.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗