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Biomedical subjects

B G Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to B G Hansson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Association of serum antibodies against defined epitopes of human papillomavirus L1, E2, and E7 antigens and of HPV DNA with incident cervical cancer.

In order to provide a large-scale evaluation of the association with cervical cancer of antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens, sera from 233 patients with primary, untreated cervical cancer and from 157 healthy age- and sex-matched blood donors were analyzed for IgG and IgA antibodies against HPV-derived peptide antigens and against bovine papillomavirus. Several serological responses were strongly associated with cervical cancer, notably the IgG response against the HPV 16 epitopes L1:13 (Relative risk [RR]: 5.3), E2:9 (RR: 2.9), and E7:5 (RR: 4.3), and the IgA response against an HPV 18 E2-derived antigen (245:18, RR: 3.1). HPV DNA in corresponding cervical tumors was analyzed by Southern blotting (SB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 47 patients. Sixty-six percent of the patients carried HPV DNA as determined by SB, 91% of patients analyzed by PCR. Neither the antibody responses, nor the presence of HPV DNA were significantly associated with the biological properties of the tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Human papillomavirus DNA in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Although human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been implicated strongly in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix, a few studies have suggested that HPV may be an etiological factor for adenocarcinoma of the cervix. To evaluate the association between HPV infection and cervical adenocarcinoma, we analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 64 patients with adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix for the presence of HPV DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific for the 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35 types. HPV DNA was detected in 24 of 43 (56%) cases of adenocarcinoma, and in 19 of 21 (91%) cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Fifteen of the 43 (35%) adenocarcinomas and 10 of the 21 (48%) adenosquamous carcinomas contained HPV 18 DNA, and 10 of the 43 (23%) adenocarcinomas and 11 of the 21 (52%) adenosquamous carcinomas contained HPV 16 DNA. One specimen was positive for HPV 31 and five contained HPV 35 DNA, all but one as double infections with HPV 18. No evidence of HPV 6, 11, or 33 DNA carriage was seen. These results suggest that human papillomaviruses, particularly HPV 16 and 18, play a role in the etiology of cervical adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Typing of human papillomaviruses by consensus polymerase chain reaction and a non-radioactive reverse dot blot hybridization.

A non-radioactive reverse dot blot hybridization method was developed for typing of human papillomavirus (HPV) consensus primer generated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products in a single test. In the PCR biotin-14-dATP was incorporated into the amplified DNA, which was then used as a probe in hybridization with a membrane, on which different genital HPV types had been immobilized. Of cervical brush samples from women referred to a colposcopy clinic (n = 58) and from women attending a health control program (n = 14) which had been found positive by PCR with consensus HPV primers but negative using primers specific for the HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35, 25 (43%) and 3 (21%), respectively, could be typed by this method. The additional HPV types found were 34, 39, 40, 45, 52, 53, 56 and 58. Of the samples from the colposcopy clinic (n = 33) and the health control group (n = 11) which could not be typed, 23 and 5, respectively, showed HPV X which cross-hybridized with various HPV types under conditions of low stringency. It is possible to type by this fast and easy method consensus primer-generated PCR products of a wide range of HPV types or to verify the presence of HPV DNA of unknown types.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1994

Detection of the BC 24 transforming fragment of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) DNA in cervical carcinoma tissue by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate samples from Indonesian and Swedish patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III), squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the cervix for the presence of a transforming fragment (BC 24) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) DNA. The PCR test for HSV-2 DNA was more sensitive than the infectivity endpoint titer in a cell culture system and no cross reactivity was found with either varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus 16 or 18, or human genomic DNA. Using this PCR test, 2 out of 5 cases with CIN III, 10 of 71 squamous cell carcinomas, and 3 of 11 adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix were found to contain DNA sequences homologous to the BC 24 fragment of the HSV-2 genome. Only two of the samples containing this transforming region of the HSV-2 DNA were positive in a PCR assay for the HSV-2 DNA polymerase gene. The great majority of the HSV-2 BC 24 DNA positive (12 of 15) came from the Indonesian group of patients. All 15 CIN III or cancer samples positive for the HSV-2 BC 24 fragment were also positive for papillomavirus DNA. In line with observations made by others, our data support the hypothesis that HSV infection could represent one of several possible oncogenic cofactors leading to cervical carcinoma. The HSV cofactor might be more important in the Indonesian than in the Swedish population.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

HTLV-I and -II in intravenous drug users from Sweden and Denmark.

693 IVDU (intravenous drug user) sera from Copenhagen, Malmö and Stockholm were tested, 247 retro- and 446 prospectively, for antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), types I and II, by means of a commercial whole-virus EIA and/or an HTLV-I/-II peptide-based EIA. Positive EIA reactions were checked and typed by electrophoretic immunoblotting, a differential peptide-based EIA and nucleic acid amplification/hybridization with HTLV-I and -II specific primers and probes. 3 (0.7%) of the prospectively tested IVDUs from Malmö, none of 100 from Stockholm and none of 45 from Copenhagen were HTLV-seropositive. The 3 Malmö IVDU cases were a female immigrant from South America, her male native Swedish spouse (both HTLV-I), and a male immigrant Italian heroinist (HTLV-II). We conclude that HTLV was uncommon among intravenous drug users, a sentinel population, in Sweden and Denmark during 1986 and 1989. However, the occurrence of 3 HTLV-positive cases in Malmö 1993 indicates that the situation can change rapidly.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Search for the human papillomavirus in nasal polyps, using a polymerase chain reaction-method.

Viral etiology of nasal polyps was postulated as many as 40 years ago, but so far, no study has shown an association or causal relation between any specific virus and nasal polyps. By using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, nasal polyps from both 10 patients with intolerance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID intolerance) (e.g., Aspirin) and from 10 patients with no history of NSAID intolerance were studied for the presence of papillomavirus DNA. Nasal mucosa from 10 patients who had undergone surgery for septoplasty served as controls. The PCR test used covers approximately 30 different types of human papillomaviruses. In this test, all tissue samples studied were found negative for papillomavirus DNA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and liver is commonly found in Chinese patients with chronic liver disease despite the presence of antibodies to HBsAg.

Sera from 410 patients from the Wuhan area in the central part of China with the diagnosis of chronic liver disease were analyzed for markers of hepatitis B, C and D virus infections. All sera, plus liver biopsy specimens from 188 of the patients, were also tested for hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. Sixty-eight percent were HBsAg positive in serum, whereas 29% showed markers of past hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatitis B virus DNA was detected in all HBeAg-positive sera but also in 58% of patients with HBe antibody. In the liver specimens of the corresponding patient groups, 97% and 78%, respectively, were hepatitis B virus DNA positive. However, more noteworthy was that of the HBsAg-negative/HBs-antibody positive patients 30% had detectable hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and 32% had hepatitis B virus DNA in liver tissue, whereas in a control group of healthy blood donors, of which 90% had HBs antibody, none was hepatitis B virus DNA positive. Our results demonstrate that among patients with chronic liver disease, infections with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis B virus-related virus(es) may frequently occur without being revealed by conventional serological methods. Hepatitis C and D viruses seem to be of only minor importance in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease in this part of China.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1993

Hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients in southern Sweden: epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic aspects.

A prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies of 12% was found in 276 patients from 11 dialysis units. Between zero and 22% of the patients in the different units were anti-HCV positive. The epidemiology of HCV was studied in two units during a 2 year period by antibody assays and the polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinical manifestations. Two types of epidemiologic patterns were found that may explain the wide difference of HCV prevalence described in different dialysis units. In one unit there was no evidence of spread within the unit, and the prevalence of HCV was dependent on the status of the patients entering for treatment. In the other unit, a clustering of infected patients could be seen in which 13 of 36 were infected during a 3 year period. Some patients who had not received blood transfusions were among the infected. Hepatitis C infection was the most common explanation for repeated abnormal transferase levels. Most of the HCV-infected patients reacted both for anti-HCV and HCV RNA. HCV RNA was in general detected earlier than anti-HCV seroconversion. Among 20 HCV RNA-positive serum samples that were anti-HCV ELISA-positive 18 had indeterminate and two negative reactions by immunoblot (RIBA 2). Thus the RIBA 2 test should be used with caution as a confirmatory antibody test in this group of patients.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1993

Hepatitis C virus infection: its role in chronic liver diseases.

In order to find out the infectious rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among chronic liver diseases, we investigated antibodies against hepatitis C virus and HCVRNA by method of ELISA, RIBA and RT-PCR in 410 patients with chronic liver disease. The prevalence of HCV infection was found to be 4%. Whereas the positive rate of HBsAg and HBV-DNA of these cases was 69% and 58%, respectively. There is no statistical significance between HCV infectious rate of patients with positive and negative HBsAg. The relative low infectious rate of HCV infection among chronic hepatic diseases indicates that HBV infection plays a more important role in causing chronic hepatitis than that of HCV. Thus, special emphasis should be paid to the preventive and therapeutic measures against hepatitis B in China.

China↗
PubMed1993

Human papilloma virus types in routine cytological screening and at colposcopic examinations.

Certain types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) play a crucial role in the development of anogenital cellular dysplasia and cancer. We have searched for a broad spectrum of HPV-types by PCR in cervical cell samples from 230 women aged 20-29 years enrolled at routine gynecological health control and 506 women referred to colposcopy due to suspected cytological changes. Thirteen percent of the health control women had HPV DNA of identified types. Half of the colposcopy patients showed benign histology with corresponding HPV DNA prevalence of 18%, while among the patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia between 61% and 78% had HPV DNA. Among both women with normal cytology or histology and those with various degrees of cervical dysplasia, cancer-related HPV types represented about 85% of the types found. The strong correlation between HPV infections and development of cervical dysplasia is an argument for HPV DNA testing of certain patient groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Antibodies against papillomavirus antigens in cervical secretions from condyloma patients.

Samples of cervical secretions and serum from 30 women with genital condylomas and 30 age-matched controls were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibodies against a panel of papillomavirus-derived antigens. The same cervical samples were also analyzed for presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by Southern blotting and polymerase chain reaction. By Southern blotting HPV DNA was detected in 8 of 30 patients with condylomas and 2 of 30 controls, and by the polymerase chain reaction HPV DNA was detected in 14 of 30 patients with condylomas and 5 of 30 controls. A total of 18 of 29 patients with condylomas and 8 of 28 controls had IgA antibodies in cervical secretions to an E2 synthetic peptide, and 17 of 29 patients with condylomas and 5 of 28 controls had local IgA antibodies to an E7 peptide (P < 0.025 and P < 0.005, respectively). The results suggest that measurement of local antibody production against selected HPV antigens may be useful in the study of HPV immunology and, possibly, for the diagnosis of HPV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Human papillomavirus DNA in urine samples compared with that in simultaneously collected urethra and cervix samples.

A polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in urine samples compared with that in urethra and cervix samples simultaneously collected with brushes. Of 138 presumably healthy military conscripts, 12 (8%) had HPV DNA-positive urethra samples and 8 (5%) had HPV DNA-positive urine samples. Both the urine and urethra cell samples of five men were positive, with identical types found in the paired specimens. Seven had HPV DNA-positive urethra samples only, and three had HPV DNA-positive urine samples only. Five of 7 urethra samples from males and 11 of 12 urethra samples from females, who were among patients consulting a clinic for adolescents, were positive for HPV DNA. Among those patients whose urethras were positive for HPV DNA, the corresponding urine samples of 3 of the 5 men and all the 11 women were also positive, with one or two HPV types being in common within the paired samples. Among female patients referred to a colposcopy clinic, 49% (241 of 489) of the cervical cell samples and 38% (187 of 489) of the urine specimens were found to be HPV DNA positive. Of the patients whose cervixes were positive for HPV DNA, 65% (158 of 241) of the simultaneously collected urine samples were also positive for HPV DNA. On the other hand, 84% (158 of 187) of the patients with HPV DNA in their urine also had HPV DNA in their cervical samples. Although not all individuals with genital HPV infections could be identified as HPV positive by analysis of urine samples, at least in epidemiological surveys in which invasive samples are difficult to obtain, such as from children, analysis of urine could be an alternative means of identifying HPV DNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Genital HPV infection not a local but a regional infection: experience from a female teenage group.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in a group of female teenagers, and to analyse to what extent HPV DNA was also detectable, in urethra and cervix samples among the patients with macroscopic genital warts compared with those without. DESIGN: The patients were interviewed about their sexual habits and history of venereal diseases. They underwent a gynaecological health control examination, including macroscopic inspection for genital warts and collection of a cytological vaginal smear (Pap smear). Cell samples were also taken from endocervix and urethra and from vulva lesions, when found. These samples were tested for HPV DNA of the types 6, 11, 16, 18 and 33 using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. SETTING: An adolescence out-patient clinic in Malmö, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Forty-nine female teenagers consulting for gynaecological complaints, some of them for genital warts. RESULTS: Twenty patients had present and four had a history of genital warts (group A). The other 25 patients had no visible lesions (group B). In the first group (A) 18 of the 24 patients were positive for HPV DNA in one or more of the three locations studied. More patients were positive in urethra (17) than in cervix (15). In group B four of the 25 patients were positive for HPV DNA in urethra, three of these also in cervix. In the two groups 11 and four patients, respectively, showed pathological Pap smears. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of HPV DNA in urethra, both from women with and without visible genital warts, indicates that there is a high probability that the infection is also present in cervix, suggesting that the genital HPV infections are multifocal. Thus, patients with genital warts are most likely to have cervical HPV infections and will more often have pathological Pap smears than patients without warts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Screening for anti-HIV and HBsAg in pooled sera from a clinical chemistry section as a tool for epidemiological survey.

With the aim of estimating the unknown spread of HIV into the general society, a program for testing pooled routine sera from a clinical chemistry laboratory has been tried. Serum samples obtained from the daily inflow of blood tubes at the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Malmö General Hospital, and not labelled as risk samples for blood-borne infection(s), were collected and pools of up to ten sera each were constructed according to a special protocol. All serum pools were screened for anti-HIV and HBsAg. During the 32-months period of the study 3,016 serum pools from men and the same number from women were collected and analysed. These pools together contained sera from 26,468 male and 26,891 female patients, respectively. Altogether 33 male and 2 female pools were found anti-HIV positive. Anti-HIV-positive males appeared in all age groups, without significant difference between the groups. Two female pools from the age group 15 to 24 years were anti-HIV positive; these samples were drawn during the last year of testing. HBsAg was detected in 189 male and 129 female pools. From 1989 to the first half of 1991 the mean anti-HIV prevalence among the male samples investigated was 0.10%, with 95% confidence limits from 0 to 0.25%. If the upper confidence limit is exceeded in the future, this could be a warning of increased spread of HIV of in society.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus and hepatitis C virus RNA in Chinese blood donors determined by ELISA, recombinant immunoblot assay and polymerase chain reaction.

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) were determined in Chinese blood donors from the city of Wuhan by ELISA screening tests and confirmatory recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). 281 and 222 sera were sampled under similar conditions in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The first collection of sera was sent to Sweden in lyophilized form, the second directly as fresh, unfrozen sera. A high proportion (22%) of the lyophilized sera were positive in the screening assay but only 6 (2.10%) were positive by RIBA with antibodies against both the C100-3 and 5-1-1 peptides. HCV RNA could be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in 3 of the 6 sera and in one reacting with C100-3 only. In the second material of fresh sera only 3 were positive in the screening anti-HCV ELISA, but none was RIBA or PCR positive. Thus, the overall prevalence of anti-HCV among the 503 Chinese blood donors as identified by RIBA was 1.2%, and that of HCV RNA by PCR was 0.8%. The confirmed antibody prevalence is higher than that reported in the western literature.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1993

Hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy in Ethiopia.

Thirty-two pregnant and 34 nonpregnant Ethiopian women between 15 and 45 years of age with sporadic acute viral hepatitis were studied consecutively. Demographic data including family size, monthly income and nutritional status as well as hepatitis virus markers were compared in the pregnant and nonpregnant groups. Only 3 nonpregnant women had hepatitis A infection. Hepatitis B infection was diagnosed in 4 pregnant and 9 nonpregnant women. Nineteen (59%) pregnant women had hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection as compared to 7 (22%) in the nonpregnant group (Relative risk = 2.88; 95% Confidence interval = 1.4-5.9). The remaining 9 pregnant and 15 nonpregnant women had non-A, non-B, non-E (NANBNE) hepatitis. Of a total of 10 maternal deaths, 9 occurred (7 during the third trimester) in the pregnant group, 8 in association with HEV infection. Two deaths, one from each group, were due to NANBNE hepatitis. In addition to 6 foetal losses as a result of maternal death, there were 2 foetal deaths and 7 premature deliveries as a direct result of acute viral hepatitis, all but 2 associated with HEV infection. Comparison of socioeconomic and nutritional status, clinical features, mean aminotransferase and bilirubin levels did not show differences in the two groups. Thus, pregnant women are more at risk to acquire HEV infection than nonpregnant women and HEV infection in this group of Ethiopian pregnant women is associated with high maternal mortality and neonatal complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗