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Biomedical subjects

B G Haik

Publications and source records attributed to B G Haik.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cobalt plaque versus enucleation for uveal melanoma: comparison of survival rates.

Two hundred and twenty-three patients treated by cobalt plaque for uveal melanoma were compared with 416 patients treated by enucleation for uveal melanoma in terms of patient survival. The median follow-up time for the patients treated by cobalt plaque was 4.3 years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated up to five years following treatment based on time to tumour-related deaths. Cox's proportional hazards multivariate analysis was performed to determine which variables were related to melanoma-related deaths while controlling for age, size, and location of the tumours. Statistically significant predictive factors were location of tumour and largest tumour dimension. There was not a statistically significant difference in survival between patients treated by cobalt plaque and those treated by enucleation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of optic nerve gliomas.

Five patients with optic nerve gliomas were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Images obtained with MRI were equal to computed tomography (CT) in evaluation of the orbital components of these tumors and superior to CT in evaluating the intracanalicular, chiasmal, and post-chiasmal extension of tumor. MRI is unimpeded by artifacts produced by surrounding bone, as encountered in CT, and also proves to be more sensitive in delineating subtle differences in fat content and hydration of neural tissues. Thus, MRI is extremely valuable in furthering our understanding of the natural and therapeutic response of optic nerve gliomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Retinoblastoma with anterior chamber extension.

Anterior chamber retinoblastoma is a rare clinical entity. The authors have reviewed the records of 1500 patients with retinoblastoma to determine the incidence and prognostic ramifications. Of 30 patients with anterior chamber involvement, 15 were noted on initial examination and 15 during observation after therapy. Despite aggressive multimodality treatment, total response was never achieved and all eyes were eventually lost. Results of pathologic examination showed ciliary body invasion, which was held accountable for the poor response to therapy. Anterior chamber retinoblastoma is a poor prognostic sign which cannot be controlled effectively with current techniques and should be considered an indication for enucleation without delay.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Lacrimal gland and fossa lesions: role of computed tomography.

The lacrimal gland region can be involved in a wide spectrum of orbital pathology, including tumors and inflammatory and lymphoid lesions. This article focuses special attention on benign mixed tumors because of the excellent prognosis for the patient when it is completely excised at first surgery. The appearance of these lesions on CT is detailed in the illustrations of this article, and the findings of experts in the field are presented as well.

Dacryocystitis↗
PubMed1987

The radiology of orbital trauma: an historical overview.

Professor Roentgen presented the roentgen ray in 1895. The subsequent history of radiology is characterized not by steady, but by stepwise advancement. Each new innovation produced a forward surge followed by a period of refinement in which the new method was developed and exploited to the very limits of its diagnostic yield.

Eye Foreign Bodies↗
PubMed1987

Advanced diagnostic imaging techniques in ophthalmology.

Diagnostic imaging techniques continue to gain tremendous importance in the evaluation of ocular and orbital disease as technical developments and refinements are made. This article presents key diagnostic imaging methods, with special focus directed toward the advanced modalities important in evaluation of the traumatized eye and orbit. The text has been prepared specifically for the clinical ophthalmologist. Each of the diagnostic modalities discussed is presented in terms of its basic biophysical mechanism, indications, and advantages and disadvantages. The techniques described include simple plain film roentgenography (and its contrast-related applications: dacryocystography, orbital venography, and angiography), axial hypocycloidal tomography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging in choroidal tumors.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on 13 patients with choroidal tumors to determine whether this technique could detect and portray an intraocular tumor and to investigate additional biochemical parameters of the diseased tissue. In 11 of 13 patients, the lesion was depicted, and its gross morphology was outlined with a clarity approaching that of computed tomography. We were able to apply principles derived from MRI studies in other portions of the body and identify trends in the characterization of lesions of different etiologies. The relative T1 and T2 values for each of the major pathologic categories (malignant melanoma, metastatic carcinoma, and benign choroidal lesions) are presented and discussed. In addition, MRI was clearly superior to other techniques in the detection and delineation of associated intracranial lesions.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasonic hyperthermia and radiation in the management of intraocular malignant melanoma.

Hyperthermia and radiation were used in combination to treat four patients with choroidal malignant melanoma. This technique uses ultrasonically induced hyperthermia synergistically with radiation to destroy tumor cells. The lower levels of radiation used should avoid the late vascular and inflammatory complications seen in conventional radiation therapy. Tumors were scanned by a computerized diagnostic ultrasound system before treatment and assigned an acoustic tissue type on the basis of a statistical comparison of their ultrasound backscatter spectrum with spectra of tumors of known pathologic status. During the follow-up period, the longest of which was 15 months, all tumors demonstrated regression patterns consistent with choroidal tumors of the same acoustic tissue types treated with conventional radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Antiviral therapy with ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus retinitis and bilateral exudative retinal detachments in an immunocompromised child.

A child with bilateral cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, vitritis, and exudative retinal detachments, who was in remission from stage IV neuroblastoma and status post-chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation, was treated with ganciclovir. The drug is a new acyclic nucleoside antiviral drug with potent antiCMV activity. There was bilateral retinal reattachment, clearing of vitritis and regression of retinal exudates and hemorrhages, with concomitant resolution of viral shedding in urine and blood, on ganciclovir 7.5 mg/kg per day. There was recurrence of exudative detachments, vitritis and retinitis when the dose was reduced to 2.5 mg/kg per day, and regression of these findings when the dose was again increased to 7.5 mg/kg per day. Despite continued therapy at this dose, a relapse occurred. When the dose of drug was doubled to 15 mg/kg per day, there initially was a partial therapeutic response, followed by a subsequent relapse. No further response was seen when the dose was increased to 19.5 mg/kg per day. This patient was treated with ganciclovir for a total of 192 days. No adverse reactions to ganciclovir were seen. On the last day of drug administration, there were persistent bilateral exudative retinal detachments and progressive optic nerve head involvement with optic disc pallor, despite quiescence of the retinitis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1986

Radiation and chemotherapy of parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma involving the orbit.

Eighteen patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) involving the orbit were treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) between July 1971 and October 1983. Fifteen patients were children with a mean age of 6 years and three patients were adults with a mean age of 21 years. In four patients, the primary tumor originated in the orbit, while the remaining 14 had other parameningeal primary sites. The tumors were in a very progressive local stage, with destruction of facial bones in most patients. Six patients were treated with the T2 chemotherapy protocol and 12 received the T6 protocol. The radiation treatment plan for all patients was designed to deliver between 4500 and 7200 rad delivered to the primary tumor over 4 to 16 weeks. Eleven of the 18 patients (61%) are alive and well with a median follow-up time of six years. Two patients died of therapeutic complications and five died of tumor spread with central nervous system involvement. Ocular complications included acute and chronic conjunctival, corneal, lens, and retinal changes, which were less severe than those reported in previous series.

Cataract↗