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Biomedical subjects

B G Benoit

Publications and source records attributed to B G Benoit.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Chronic subdural hematoma mimicking transient ischemic attacks.

A case is reported in which a chronic subdural hematoma caused recurrent episodes of neurologic dysfunction that simulated transient ischemic attacks. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms are: a subdural hematoma could cause local ischemia or focal epileptic discharges; a cerebral mass could cause cortical depression by mechanical stimulation; regional cerebral edema could cause vascular displacement and ischemia; or small repeated hemorrhages could cause transient neurologic deficits. Computer assisted tomography of the head is recommended in the differentiation of the two conditions.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Spinal epidural lipomatosis: a complication of glucocorticoid therapy.

A 21-year-old woman receiving prolonged high dosage glucocorticoids developed spinal cord compression due to excessive accumulation of epidural fat. Computerized tomographic scanning confirmed the diagnosis and revealed a peculiar pattern of spinal cord displacement which we believe to be unique to compression by fat. Laminectomy did not afford relief, possibly because of prolonged neural compression or because of compression at a higher spinal level. Although an unusual complication of Cushing's syndrome, epidural lipomatosis should be considered when such a patient develops symptoms of spinal cord or cauda equina compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Spinal subdural hematoma. A review.

Fifty-eight cases of spinal subdural hematoma were obtained from a review of the literature. Of these, 50 that were reported in detail are analyzed. The data corroborate the opinion that early diagnosis and treatment result in a better prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Epidural hematoma: report of seven cases with delayed evolution of symptoms.

Epidural hematomas occasionally have a prolonged clinical course with gradual evolution of the neurologic symptoms. Seven such cases are reviewed in this report. Although the clinical course is insidious, there are certain features which should signal the presence of a slowly expanding hematoma. After an apparently minor head injury, the patient who is usually in the younger age group, develops headache. This persists and is accompanied by other non-specific neurologic symptoms which may lead to a mistaken diagnosis of "post-concussion syndrome". Papilledema and focal neurologic deficits eventually appear. Definitive diagnosis is made by the CT scan, although contrast enhancement may be necessary to confirm the nature of the lesion. The treatment is craniotomy and evacuation of the hematoma before serious neurologic deterioration occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Clinical - radiological correlates in intracerebral hematomas due to aneurysmal rupture.

In this series of intracerebral hematomas from aneurysmal rupture, gathered from several neurosurgical services, certain morphological features were studied in detail. Patients with very large hematomas tended to have poor neurological grades on admission to hospital and their immediate discharge outlook was correspondingly poor. Ruptured middle cerebral and pericallosal artery aneurysms were relatively common causes of intracerebral hematomas. Patients with temporal lobe hematoma did relatively well; those with parietal hematoma did poorly. The larger the hematoma the less chance there was of developing cerebral vasospasm but the more likely was pre-operative brain herniation. The survival was more closely linked to size and location of the hematoma than to the location of aneurysm or the degree of midline shift.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1981

Neuropsychological changes following carotid endarterectomy.

Fifty-five subjects undergoing carotid endarterectomy were grouped according to side of operation, i.e. right, left and bilateral. There subjects were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery prior to and six months following surgery. The performance of these subjects was compared with a control group undergoing surgical procedures that did not involve the brain or cerebral vasculature, and a second control group composed of patients with cerebrovascular symptoms who were not operated. It was found that as a group the endarterectomy subjects improved on a greater percentage of measures. When various subgroups were examined, it was found that the right operated stroke patients improved on significantly more measures than any other group. The difference between right and left stroke patients was significant, but there was no difference between right and left TIA patients in the extent of improvement. These findings were discussed in terms of possible underlying mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Super giant globoid intracranial aneurysm in an infant. Case report.

The incidence of intracranial aneurysms in infancy is less than 1%. Intracranial arterial aneurysms are very rare in patients under 1 year of age. This 6-month-old baby girl presented with progressive macrocephaly and anemia. Computerized tomography and cerebral angiography demostrated a giant globoid aneurysm, 8 X 9 cm in size, arising from an anomalous posterior cerebral artery. The aneurysm was successfully clipped and excised in two stages. The child made an uneventful recovery. The congenital nature of the aneurysm is discussed, and the literature concerning intracranial aneurysms in patients under 1 year of age is reviewed.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1973

Traumatic cerebral aneurysms. Clinical features and natural history.

Six cases of traumatic cerebral aneurysm are presented, four situated at the base of the brain, and two on peripheral branches. Serial radiography was obtained in five patients, and in each the aneurysms had changed: spontaneous thrombosis, enlargement and change in shape, or rupture with destruction occurred. If surgical treatment of the aneurysm is delayed after the diagnosis has been made by angiogram, repeated angiography is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diastematomyelia in adults. A review.

A consecutive series of 45 cases of diastematomyelia in adults is analyzed. The majority of patients were females with a 3.4:1 female to male ratio. The ages ranged from 19 to 76 with a mean of 37.8 years. The lesion was usually located in the lumbar region. In 17 patients the development of symptoms was associated with specific incidents or events, usually trauma. Twelve patients had pre-existing static musculoskeletal or neurologic abnormalities and 20 had cutaneous spinal lesions suggesting dysphraphism. The symptoms and signs included pain and a variety of sensorimotor and/or sphincteric abnormalities. Metrizamide CT scanning proved to be the most useful diagnostic procedure. Only 4 patients were investigated by MRI and from the information available its role in the diagnosis of adult diastematomyelia is not established. Twenty-three of 24 patients treated by surgery showed marked improvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary composite angiogenic leiomyosarcoma-epithelioid angiosarcoma of the brain.

The authors describe a primary sarcoma of the brain with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of leiomyosarcoma as well as epithelioid hemangiosarcoma. The leiomyosarcomatous component consisted of spindle cells with well-developed external lamina, subsarcolemmal densities composed of microfilaments, pinocytic vesicles, and abundant intermediate filaments, and showed immunohistochemical reactions for smooth muscle actin. The epithelioid part of the tumor contained scattered cells reactive for alkaline phosphatase as well as CD31 and factor VIII. Many epithelioid cells were lipidized and remarkably similar to "stromal cells" of a hemangioblastoma. Occasional Weibel-Palade bodies, indicating endothelial differentiation, were present in scattered neoplastic cells. There were also cells with features intermediate between endothelium, pericytes and smooth muscle cells, and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. The brain at the periphery of sarcoma showed conglomerates of well-differentiated capillaries, telangiectasias and small dysplastic arteries, features that raise the possibility of origin of this tumor from a preexisting vascular developmental abnormality.

Adult↗