[Analgesia of the lower limb in daily practice].
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
B Fabre
Publications and source records attributed to B Fabre.
Organic compounds adsorption onto activated carbon: the effect of association between dissolved humic substances and pesticides.
The quantitative determination of pesticide binding to dissolved humic substances is relevant to both water treatment operation using activated carbon adsorption process and the application of transport models that predict the environmental distribution patterns of a given hydrophobic contaminant. In this study and in a first set of experiments, the extent of binding between (i) three pesticides of environmental concern, aldicarb, lindane and pentachlorophenol, and (ii) dissolved commercial humic acid and soil extracted fulvic acid, was determined using dialysis experiments and water solubility enhancement tests. In a second set of experiments, the influence of dissolved humic substances or pesticide on the retention of the other co-adsorbate onto activated carbon was investigated in binary systems. It was found that association was negligible for aldicarb and that the pesticide sorption onto activated carbon was not affected by humic acid (8.5 mg liter(-1) DOC). The association constants K for lindane and pentachlorophenol were identical in the presence of fulvic acid (logK=4.1) but lower than that observed with humic acid. In the presence of humic acid, binding affinity for pentachlorophenol (logK=4.6) was higher than the one observed for lindane (logK=4.4), despite its much higher water solubility. This observation suggests that the aromatic character of the pentachlorophenol molecule contributes to association interactions with humic acid. From co-adsorption experiments onto activated carbon it was found that fulvic acid (7.7 mg litre(-1) DOC) slightly enhances sorption kinetics of pentachlorophenol. Lindane (1 mg litre(-1)) does not affect sorption kinetics for fulvic acid but markedly enhances both the sorption kinetics and adsorptive capacity for humic acid. Activated carbon retention of dissolved humic substances or pesticide appears to be enhanced by the association potential that exists between these co-adsorbates in some binary systems.
Journal Article↗
[Surgical treatment of spinal deformity due to cerebral motor disorders using a Luque type appliance].
The authors report a series of 20 cerebral palsy patients with spine deformities who need a surgical treatment. The procedure is a posterior approach and a segmental spine instrumentation: Luque-Galvestone or Cotrel-Dubousset-Luque type. Vertebral bone-graft is always performed and sacral bone is fused 16 times. Sitting position is authorized 4 to 7 days after the operation. Improvement of frontal and sagital curves as well as pelvic obliquity is of 50% and remains unchanged with a two years follow-up. Among the complications, most of them are pulmonary infections with 2 severe cases on 9 patients. Even functional status is also improved, post-operative pains and social difficulties are frequent during almost 6 months.
Activities of Daily Living↗
A simple screening method for insecticidal substances from actinomycetes.
A simple and selective assay system was developed in the search for new insecticidal substances from Actinomycetales strains propagated on solid culture media. The strains were first tested for their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds. Only strains displaying weak or no activity were retained and screened in the insecticidal bioassay. Microbial solid cultures were given as food to larvae and to adults of Musca domestica to detect insecticide producers. A second phase, after extraction of the active compounds, consisted of an evaluation of the insecticidal potency and a primarily biological identification of the products synthesized by the selected strain. Of 6,280 actinomycete strains which were screened, 47 were active but only 30 of these were finally chosen in the second phase of screening. All these strains, except one, produced known metabolites such as piericidins, avermectins or valinomycin. The one strain, CL307-24, and its insecticide products appeared novel and will be the topic of further study.
Actinomycetales↗
[Effect of tritoqualine on the histamine levels of whole blood].
For ten years now, tritoqualine, a histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, has been advocated in a prevention protocol for anaphylactoid reactions occurring during general anaesthesia. The present double-blind study aimed to quantify the effects of the drug on whole blood histamine levels. 44 patients were assigned at random to two different groups, one taking 300 mg t.i.d. tritoqualine for three days, and the other taking a placebo. The histamine levels were measured before the treatment and 12 h after the last dose of the drug after haemolysis of the sample, by the fluorometric technique preceded by column chromatography. In the group taking tritoqualine, the histamine level fell from a mean of 109 +/- 61 to 91 +/- 41 ng X ml-1, whereas it rose from a mean of 92 +/- 55 to 105 +/- 62 ng X ml-1 in the control group taking placebo. These variations were not statistically significant. In both groups were present four volunteers with a history of allergy; their histamine level fell from 107 +/- 35 to 71 +/- 36 ng X ml-1 after tritoqualine intake (p less than 0.05), whereas it rose from 76 +/- 19 to 162 +/- 36 ng X ml-1 after placebo (p less than 0.05). The small differences found in the whole blood histamine level 12 h after the last oral dose of the drug suggested that the present tritoqualine dose regimen was inadequate to achieve the aims of its prescription.
Adult↗
[Cutaneous liquefaction necrosis caused by temporary external pacemakers].
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Aged↗
Modulating effects of oatmeal extracts in the sodium lauryl sulfate skin irritancy model.
The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of two topically applied oatmeal extracts, i.e. Avena sativa and Avena Rhealba, using the sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) irritation model. At baseline, test areas on the volar surface of the upper arms of 12 healthy individuals were pretreated with the two extracts and their vehicle (petrolatum ointment) under occlusion for 2 h, and one site was left untreated. Then a patch with a 1% SLS solution was applied to the test sites for 24 h. Irritation was determined at each period by measuring by chromametry and laser-Doppler. In a dose-ranging study with the Avena Rhealba extract alone, the 20 and 30% concentrations exerted a slight inhibition of the a* parameter increase and a marked reduction of the blood flow increase (p < 0.05, compared to vehicle). Then, the effects of the two extracts at the concentration of 20% were compared. All extracts displayed a statistically significant counteracting effect on both parameters (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant difference between treatment groups could be demonstrated. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the preventive effects of oatmeal extracts on skin irritation in the SLS model.
Adult↗