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Biomedical subjects

B F O'Reilly

Publications and source records attributed to B F O'Reilly.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The protective effect of a conductive hearing loss in workers exposed to industrial noise.

There is controversy as to whether a conductive hearing loss protects the inner ear from the effects of loud noise. A retrospective study was carried out on 24 patients with a combination of unilateral conductive hearing loss and noise-induced hearing loss. This allowed subjects to act as their own controls. There was no statistical difference in thresholds between the two ears; possible explanations for this finding are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Klippel-Feil syndrome and conductive deafness.

The Klippel-Feil syndrome is usually associated with sensorineural deafness and reports of conductive or mixed deafness are rare. Four additional cases are presented in this paper. The middle ear anomalies found in this syndrome are discussed. The results of middle ear surgery are reviewed and found to be poor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A clinical and audiological investigation of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Fifty-six patients with osteogenesis imperfecta underwent clinical and audiological assessment. They completed questionnaires regarding their physical and otological disabilities, and attended various centres for audiological testing. It was found that 31 patients had a hearing loss. Hearing loss began in the second and third decades as a conductive loss, and progressed to a mixed loss. Eight patients, found in all age groups, had a pure sensorineural loss in one or both ears. Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta congenita suffered more fractures, became more physically disabled and had more severe hearing loss than those with osteogenesis imperfecta tarda. Tympanometry was found to give unpredictable results and was unhelpful in assessing middle ear function in these patients.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1988

Prolonged asystole during intraoperative myocardial reperfusion: an experimental study.

It has been observed in a proportion of patients, that clinically cardiac asystole persists for a prolonged period during intraoperative reperfusion. To evaluate this phenomenon, isovolumic functional indices (left ventricular [LV] balloon) and myocardial oxygen consumption (MV02) were compared in 22 canine preparations before and after two different interventions. After 45 minutes of normothermic global ischemia, (1) the control group (N = 11) was maintained on cardiopulmonary bypass with the hearts beating empty and (2) the experimental group (N = 11) was subjected to cardioplegia reperfusion at normothermia for one hour. In contradistinction to the initial hypothesis, functional recovery was better in the experimental group compared with the controls. Significant differences were observed in recovery of LV peak developed pressure (LVPDP) (controls, 66.8 +/- 7.3% [mean +/- standard error of the mean], and experimental group, 99.5 +/- 8.9%; p less than 0.05), maximum rate of rise of LV pressure (controls, 116.6 +/- 16.2%, and experimental group, 147.7 +/- 10.1; p less than 0.05), and maximum fall of LV pressure (controls, 100.3 +/- 15.8%, and experimental group, 143.1 +/- 11.5%; p less than 0.05). Correlation between LVPDP and MVO2 was also better preserved in the experimental group (controls: r = 0.15, N = 74, p = 0.18; experimental group: r = 0.47, N = 75, p less than 0.001). Values for myocardial water content and total creatine kinase in the two groups were similar. It was concluded that prolonged asystole during intraoperative reperfusion is not detrimental; on the contrary, there is enhanced functional recovery of the myocardium similar to that seen after secondary cardioplegia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Oral tranexamic acid in the management of epistaxis.

This study evaluated oral tranexamic acid as an adjunct in controlling epistaxis and preventing or reducing recurrent epistaxis. Patients entered into the trial were randomized in double blind fashion to placebo or tranexamic acid 1 g, 3 times daily. Treatment continued for 10 days. The patients were reviewed daily and any rebleeds categorized into minor, moderate or severe according to length and briskness of bleed and subsequent treatment. Of the 89 patients who completed the course of tablets, 25 (57%) in the placebo group and 21 (47%) in the treatment group had a rebleed. More patients in the placebo group had minor and moderate rebleeds, but the same number of patients in the placebo and treatment groups had severe rebleeds; this difference was not statistically significant. Oral tranexamic acid is, therefore, of no proven value as an adjunct in the treatment of epistaxis in patients requiring hospital admission.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Deaf animal models for studies of a multichannel cochlear prosthesis.

Pathological alterations of the cochlea were studied in three different deaf animal (cat) populations. The ototoxic drug neomycin sulfate, was administered in one experimental series by direct infusion into the cochlear perilymph; a second group was given a series of intramuscular injections of the drug; and in a third experiment a mechanical lesion was made in the basilar membrane of the basal turn and the animals subsequently deafened by systemic neomycin. Hearing losses were tracked by monitoring thresholds of auditory brainstem responses to click stimulation. These deaf cat preparations fairly efficiently model pathologies recorded in man and are highly predictable over an acceptable time frame. Such preparations are of practical value for experiments involving intracochlear electrical stimulation (e.g., with model cochlear prosthesis electrodes).

Animals↗