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Biomedical subjects

B Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to B Ellis.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor-induced rickets.

We describe two prepubertal girls with oncogenic rickets. The first patient, 9 years of age, presented with recent-onset lower-extremity pain. The second girl, presented at 4 years of age following a 9-month period of muscle weakness, bone pain, and poor linear growth. Laboratory analyses in both patients revealed hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphaturia; elevated circulating alkaline phosphatase activity was present in one of them. Radiographic evidence of a generalized rachitic process was evident in both cases. Computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses and facial bones in patient 1 revealed a small lesion eroding through the inner table of the left mandibular ramus. Microscopic examination of this mass revealed a spindle cell neoplasm with chondroid material, dystrophic calcification, and both osteoclast-like and fibroblast-like cells. Prominent vascularity and marked atypia were present. These features are consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the mixed connective tissue variant. In the second patient, computerized tomography revealed a lytic lesion located in the right proximal tibia, with histologic features consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the nonossifying fibroma-like variant. Resection of each tumor resulted in rapid correction of the phosphaturia and healing of the rachitic abnormalities. A careful search for small or occult tumors should be carried out in cases of acquired phosphaturic rickets.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Control of Campylobacter fetus in artificially contaminated bovine semen by incubation with antibiotics before freezing.

Fresh, diluted semen containing 1.55 X 10(6) cfu/ml of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis was incubated with 500 iu of penicillin, 500 micrograms of streptomycin, 160 micrograms of lincomycin and 300 micrograms of spectinomycin per ml at 35 degrees C for 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 or 40 minutes. The semen was cooled to 5 degrees C, packaged in 0.25 ml French straws and then frozen in liquid nitrogen for 2 weeks. Immediately after thawing and removal of the antibiotics by centrifugation semen samples from each of the seven treatment groups were cultured as for C. fetus. Semen samples were also examined by in-vitro tests for sperm motility prior to and post-freezing. Incubation with the antibiotics for 5, 10, 20 or 40 min prior to freezing reduced the numbers of C. fetus in the semen to non-detectable levels in 38%, 69%, 88% and 100% of samples respectively. The incubated semen showed no significant reduction of sperm motility although fertility trials have not been done.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental Yersinia enterocolitica placentitis in sheep.

A strain of Yersinia enterocolitica of O serogroup 6,30 isolated from the liver of an aborted ovine fetus was inoculated intravenously into a group of pregnant ewes at about 90 days gestation and produced placentitis with abortion or delivery of infected lambs about 50 days later. Y. enterocolitica of the same serogroup was recovered from the necrotic placental cotyledons and most other fetal tissues and could be isolated from vaginal discharges of the ewes for a least 2 weeks after abortion. Histological changes were consistent with an acute bacterial necrotizing placentitis and systemic infection of the fetus. Subsequent pregnancies in the ewes proceeded to term without evidence of infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention and control of bacterial infections associated with medical devices.

Bacteria that grow in association with medical devices always form slime enclosed biofilms, within which they are protected, to a large extent, from the bactericidal activity of chemical biocides and antibiotics. Mature biofilms (> 7 days) are demonstrably resistant to 500-5,000 times the concentrations of these agents than are necessary to kill free floating (planktonic) cells of the same organism. The authors have discovered that this well established inherent resistance of biofilm bacteria to antibacterial agents can be completely obviated if these agents are applied to these adherent populations within an electric field. The killing of biofilm bacteria by antibiotics can be dramatically enhanced by relatively weak electric fields (1.5 V/cm and 15 microA/cm2) that, in themselves, have no deleterious effects on these slime protected populations adherent to plastic or metal surfaces. This bioelectric technology can readily be used to enhance the preimplantation sterilization of medical devices by biocides. The authors suggest that it may also be used to control biofilm formation and consequent infection by electrically enhanced perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and by electrically enhanced penetration of antibiotics to kill the biofilm bacteria that form the inherently resistant nidus of chronic device related infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Folic acid and total parenteral nutrition.

The stability of folic acid in a variety of solutions used for parenteral nutrition has been determined over a 2-wk period. Provided that the acidity of the solution remains above pH 5.0 the folate, in the concentrations usually used for parenteral nutrition, will remain stable in solution, and all of the folate added to the solution will be delivered to the patient. The applicability of this in vitro work to a group of patients requiring parenteral nutrition was assessed, in order to determine a suitable dose. A dose of 0.2 mg of folic acid daily was inadequate to meet the requirements of these patients. In contrast a dose of 1.2 mg daily for 7 days was sufficient to cause an increase in the serum folate concentration.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient-assessed security changes when replacing mandibular complete dentures.

Twenty edentulous patients had unsatisfactory dentures replaced in a student clinic, using conventional techniques, under consultant supervision. Three visual analogue scale records of self-assessed mandibular denture security were made while the dentures were fabricated, and two were made following placement of the new dentures to measure any changes occurring. The method appeared reliable, and significant improvements in security were recorded. The percent increase in security and the coefficient of variation of the preplacement visual analogue scale scores were each inversely proportional to the preplacement visual analogue scale scores. This relationship may be useful in the identification of patients with special problems.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of changes in complete mandibular denture security using visual analogue scales.

The security of mandibular dentures for edentulous patients has been quantified using a visual analogue scale. Relining "loose" dentures was shown to produce an increase in the patients' assessments of denture security for 21 out of 23 patients. The security of a denture after relining was found to correlate with the form of the residual mandibular ridge as measured by the mean anterior ridge height.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparisons of patient self-assessment of complete mandibular denture security.

Records of self-assessed complete mandibular denture security were made by visual analogue scale, four-category functional scale, and by self-expressed satisfaction or dissatisfaction on 57 subjects that presented for replacement of complete dentures at an undergraduate clinic. Visual analogue scale scores formed two groups corresponding approximately to the groups of subjects expressing satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the current security of their dentures. The self-assessed visual analogue scale scores enabled variations in denture security to be quantified. Visual analogue scale scores of denture security were not normally distributed, but formed two separate distributions which corresponded approximately with the sets of satisfied (visual analogue scale > 50) and dissatisfied (visual analogue scale < 50) patients. The data showed that the visual analogue scale method was superior to the other two types of patient self-assessment.

Aged↗