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B E Moen

Publications and source records attributed to B E Moen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Work and health--challenges at the turn of the century].

This article gives an overview of a century of developments in the field of work-related health; relevant legislation, the incidence of work-related accidents and diseases, and the development of occupational health services. It is difficult to evaluate the working environment in Norway, as official statistics concerning work-related accidents and diseases are incomplete. Such data are of major importance for assessments of the effect of interventions in the working environment; hence, improved statistics should be a high priority in the future. There is a need for a national plan for work and health and for devoting more resources to the Labour Inspectorate. The occupational health service is a very good arena for preventive health work; it ought to be better integrated in the Norwegian general preventive health efforts.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1999

Influence of paternal exposure to oil and oil products on time to pregnancy and spontaneous abortions.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of exposure to oil and oil products among men on the time taken for their wives to conceive and on the incidence of spontaneous abortion among them. A cross-sectional study was performed by posting questionnaires to 1,269 men employed as offshore mechanics, offshore operators, offshore drilling personnel, car mechanics (the 'exposed' occupations) and carpenters ('unexposed'). The married men were asked to give a separate questionnaire to their wives for details about their pregnancies. The time elapsed between the beginning of coitus without contraception and the wife becoming pregnant (time to pregnancy) was analyzed with Cox regression analysis by calculating fecundability ratios for the pregnancies for the men exposed to oil and oil products as compared with the men who were not exposed. Spontaneous abortions were analyzed with logistic regression by calculating odds ratios for the pregnancies in which the men were exposed vs. not exposed. A total of 741 (58%) men returned the questionnaires. A total of 301 pregnancies were analyzed for time taken to conceive and 580 for spontaneous abortion. The results were adjusted for variables that could significantly influence conception time (previous infections of the reproductive system and coffee drinking) or the incidence of spontaneous abortion (mother's age, parity and smoking). The outcomes between the exposed and unexposed pregnancies showed no significant differences. Car mechanics had a lower fecundability ratio before 1992 than after 1992. Paternal exposure to hydrocarbons in the occupations studied did not seem to have had a major influence on time to conception or the incidence of spontaneous abortion among the wives of the men exposed to oil products.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1999

Occupational injuries reported to insurance companies in Norway from 1991 to 1996.

Occupational injuries represent a relatively high proportion of the total number of injuries in Norway and thereby deserve more attention than they are currently receiving. Occupational injury claims made to insurance companies in Norway from 1991 to 1996 were analyzed for determination of their patterns. The types of injury with the highest incidence rates among men were fractures; among women, the highest rates were for those for sprains. The injury rates were more than twice as high in young men as in young women; this difference declined with increasing age. Young men had an increased risk of finger injuries, compared with older age groups. The injury rates increased with increasing age, especially for fractures and contusions. A somewhat higher number of injuries per working day occurred in January and February than in the other months. Action should be taken to prevent fractures and contusions among older workers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Long-term effects on symptoms by reducing electric fields from visual display units.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to see whether the results of an earlier study [ie, that skin symptoms were reduced by reducing electric fields from visual display units (VDU)] could be reproduced or not. In addition, an attempt was made to determine whether eye symptoms and symptoms from the nervous system could be reduced by reducing VDU electric fields. METHODS: The study was designed as a controlled double-blind intervention. The electric fields were reduced by using electric-conducting screen filters. Forty-two persons completed the study while working at their ordinary job, first 1 week with no filter, then 3 months with an inactive filter and then 3 months with an active filter (or in reverse order). The inactive filters were identical to the active ones, except that their ground cables were replaced by empty plastic insulation. The inactive filters did not reduce the fields from the VDU. The fields were significantly lower with active filters than with inactive filters. RESULTS: Most of the symptoms were statistically significantly less pronounced in the periods with the filters when compared with the period with no filter. This finding can be explained by visual effects and psychological effects. No statistically significant difference in symptom severeness was observed between the period with an inactive filter and the one with an active filter. CONCLUSIONS: The study does not support the hypothesis that skin, eye, or nervous system symptoms can be reduced by reducing VDU electric fields.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Solvents and injuries of the nervous system].

Currently, there is an ongoing debate on the extent of neurotoxic effects caused by organic solvents. A brief review of relevant scientific literature on human exposure to organic solvents and their effects on the nervous system therefore seems useful. Clinical studies of solvent abusers, pathological-anatomical studies, and epidemiological studies of workers exposed to organic solvents are summarized and discussed. The occurrence of acute and subacute effects on the nervous system caused by organic solvents is well documented. Evidence of the occurrence of chronic disease in the nervous system caused by organic solvents is rather limited, and reversibility has been described even in cases with serious dysfunction. Exposure to organic solvents ought to be prevented as far as possible, because of the reduced quality of life induced by acute and subacute effects. However, physicians are advised to exercise care in the diagnostic procedure of these patients and to search for differential diagnoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Chemical exposure in hairdresser salons: effect of local exhaust ventilation.

Although several studies demonstrate adverse health effects among hairdressers that may be related to their working environment, relatively few studies have described the chemical exposure levels in hairdresser salons. This paper shows the exposure level of isopropanol, ethanol, toluene, phenylendiamines, diaminotoluene and ammonia in six hairdresser salons, and the effect of local exhaust ventilation on these exposure levels. Stationary measurements were performed at the mixing location in the hairdresser salons. At this location isopropanol was found to be in the range from 0.7-15 mg/m3, ethanol in the range from 4-36 mg/m3 and toluene from 0.04-0.11 mg/m3. The range of ammonia in the same area was from 0.1-1.2 mg/m3. Personal monitoring of the hairdresser showed an exposure level of ammonia in a range from 0.3-10 mg/m3. Phenylendiamines and diaminotoluene were not detected. The exposure level was significantly lower in the salons with local exhaust ventilation than in the salons with no ventilation.

Beauty Culture↗
PubMed1997

Serious on-the-track accidents experienced by train drivers: psychological reactions and long-term health effects.

Train drivers run a risk of on-the-track accidents, the outcome of which they can seldom influence. In a postal questionnaire study addressed to all Norwegian train drivers, present health status was assessed by GHQ-12 and three health indices calculated from a psychosomatic symptom list. Train drivers who had experienced distressing on-the-track incidents were asked to report peak intensity of psychological reactions to their most distressing experience, by the Impact of Event Scale (IES). Of 830 respondents, 395 reported distressing on-the-track incidents. Present health status was significantly lower in drivers reporting a former distressing experience compared to others. The higher the recalled IES-scores, the more pronounced health problems were reported. This relationship was most marked for musculoskeletal and psychological symptoms related to the IES Intrusion subscore. A possible causal relationship between traumatic on-the-track experiences and long-term health problems in train drivers is postulated.

Accidents↗
PubMed1997

Assessment of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during firefighting by measurement of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene.

Firefighters may be exposed to carcinogenic agents in the smoke from fires, and there has been some concern regarding firefighters' risk of developing occupational-related cancer. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present in most fires, posing a cancer risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PAH exposure among firefighters. Students (n = 9) and teachers (n = 4) at a firefighter training school delivered urine samples before and 6 to 7 hours after extinguishing burning diesel fuel. The urine samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography for 1-hydroxypyrene. A small but significant increase in 1-hydroxypyrene levels in the urine was found after the firefighting. This means that firefighting may cause exposure to PAHs. Although the exposure levels were low in this study, they may be different during other types of fires.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1996

Absence of relation between sick leave caused by musculoskeletal disorders and exposure to magnetic fields in an aluminum plant.

This is a study of the relationship between occupational exposure to magnetic fields in pot rooms and occurrence of sick leave caused by musculoskeletal disorders. The average exposure to static magnetic fields was 8 mT in the pot rooms. Ripple fields were recorded as well. A cohort of 342 exposed workers and 222 unexposed workers from the same electrolysis plant was retrospectively followed for 5 years. The reference group had a type of work similar to the exposed group except for the exposure to magnetic fields. The occurrence of sick leave and the diagnoses causing the sick leave were obtained from the Occupational Health Care Unit: these data were stored in their computer files. The data were complete. No relationship between the occurrence of sick leave caused by musculoskeletal disorders and exposure to magnetic fields was found. This was the case for both the annual number of periods of sick leave and the total number of days with sick leave. The results must be interpreted with caution due to limitations in the design and available data. Also, static magnetic fields constituted the major exposure, and the results may be different when related to work in other types of magnetic-field exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Musculoskeletal symptoms among dentists in a dental school.

A cross-sectional study of symptoms from the musculoskeletal system among employees in a school of dentistry was performed. A questionnaire was answered by 139 dentists, dental auxiliaries and office workers, e.g. 68% of the employees. The answers from the dentists were compared to the answers from all the other employees. No significant differences in musculoskeletal symptoms between the dentists and the other employees were found. Female dentists reported more musculoskeletal symptoms than did male dentists. No difference was found comparing the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms among female dentists and females in the reference group. This indicates that the symptoms are not related to the work as a dentist, but to female working conditions in general or to factors outside work.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among car mechanics: a descriptive study.

A questionnaire concerning musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) and working environment was answered by 100% of 103 car mechanics in 12 different garages. Almost all the mechanics had been troubled with MSS at work the past year. The most common MSS were symptoms from the low back, neck, head and shoulders. When asked which symptoms had been most troublesome at work most mechanics reported symptoms from the low back, upper back, shoulders and neck. Symptoms from the shoulders, low back and upper back were associated with absence from work due to MSS (OR = 4.2, 2.3 and 2.1 respectively). Mechanics between the ages of 30 and 40 reported significantly more shoulder symptoms than both younger and older colleagues (p < 0.001). It seems that symptoms from the back and shoulders restrain car mechanics, work more than any other MSS. The mechanics' most common working postures may contribute to the development of back and shoulder symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Assessment of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in engine rooms by measurement of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene.

OBJECTIVE: Machinists have an increased risk of lung cancer and bladder cancer, and this may be caused by exposure to carcinogenic compounds such as asbestos and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the engine room. The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure of engine room personnel to PAHs, with 1-hydroxypyrene in urine as a biomarker. METHODS: Urine samples from engine room personnel (n = 51) on 10 ships arriving in different harbours were collected, as well as urine samples from a similar number of unexposed controls (n = 47) on the same ships. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was quantitatively measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The exposure to PAHs was estimated by a questionnaire answered by the engine room personnel. On two ships, air monitoring of PAHs in the engine room was performed at sea. Both personal monitoring and area monitoring were performed. The compounds were analysed by gas chromatography of two types (with a flame ionisation detector and with a mass spectrometer). RESULTS: Significantly more 1-hydroxypyrene was found in urine of personnel who had been working in the engine room for the past 24 hours, than in that of the unexposed seamen. The highest concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene were found among engine room personnel who had experienced oil contamination of the skin during their work in the engine room. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed a significant relation between the concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene, smoking, and estimated exposure to PAHs. No PAHs were detected in the air samples. CONCLUSION: Engine room personnel who experience skin exposure to oil and oil products are exposed to PAHs during their work. This indicates that dermal uptake of PAHs is the major route of exposure.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1995

[Environmental poisons and the nervous system].

The neurons are extremely vulnerable to changes in the local chemical environment, and the nervous system has therefore been given special priority and protection compared with other organ systems. Neurotoxic syndromes may occur when these biochemical conditions are disturbed. The brain is particularly vulnerable to hypoxia, and exposure to toxins that interfere with the intake, transport and utilization of oxygen provoke rapid and major neuronal damage. Compounds crossing the blood-brain barrier may induce both general and extremely localized neurotoxic effects. Today, dramatic and acute neurotoxic manifestations seldom occur in our part of the world. The focus of attention is now directed at the consequences of long-term and low-level exposure. This review presents a general description of some neurotoxic mechanisms, and the clinical effects of a few hazardous substances, ie metals, pesticides, organic solvents.

Blood-Brain Barrier↗
PubMed1995

[A non-traditional occupational health unit. Evaluation after a year's activity].

An Occupational Health Care Unit has been established for 23 car repair workshops. The unit consists of a central unit connected to an Institute of Occupational Medicine, consisting of a coordinating occupational physician, a physiotherapist and an occupational hygienist. This unit cooperates with 11 general practitioners in the district. The unit was evaluated by the employer and one employee in each car repair shop after one year. In general, they were satisfied with their occupational health care, and several improvements to the working environment had been carried out.

Automobiles↗
PubMed1995

Occupational exposure of deck crews to carcinogenic agents on crude oil tankers.

Occupational exposure to carcinogenic agents on the decks on six Norwegian crude oil tankers was examined in five harbors. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the need for improving the working environment on deck on these tankers. Technical arrangements and the work itself on the deck were observed during loading or unloading. Occupational monitoring was performed by active sampling of benzene, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and some aldehydes. The crew answered a questionnaire concerning their work, use of protective equipment, and occurrence of acute symptoms. The levels of air-borne carcinogenic agents were low, probably due to closed loading systems on all tankers. However, the seamen reported discomfort during the work that may be related to other chemical agents in the cargo. The seamen were frequently painting with lead chromate paint without using personal protective equipment. This type of chemical exposure should be evaluated.

Carcinogens, Environmental↗
PubMed1995

Exposure of the deck crew to carcinogenic agents on oil product tankers.

Work on deck on eight oil product tankers was examined. The purpose was to evaluate the need for improvement of the working environment to reduce the risk of occupational cancer. Benzene, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic lead compounds were sampled, and the crew answered a questionnaire on acute health effects. By area monitoring, benzene was generally found to be in the range from the detection limit, of 0.01 ppm, up to 1.15 ppm, but one tanker which loaded gasoline with the hatches open had levels up to 55 ppm. Personal monitoring showed exposure levels in the range 0.01-1.15 ppm. The PAH-levels and the levels of organic lead were low. No seamen were observed using respiratory protective equipment. Central nervous system symptoms were reported by the crew with the highest exposures to benzene although benzene may not be the only cause. The exposure to benzene and other hydrocarbons on the deck of oil product tankers ought to be reduced.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1995

A descriptive study of health problems on car mechanics' hands.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate occupational health problems relating to the hands of car mechanics. A descriptive study was performed among all car mechanics in 22 car repair shops using a self-administered questionnaire. In total, 172 car mechanics returned the questionnaire (92%). Fourteen per cent reported occurrence of white fingers, 24% reported occurrence of paresthesias in hands or arms, 41% reported that dry skin on their hands was often a problem, 46% reported occurrence of hand eczema, and 28% had experienced more than 20 cuts on the hands in the past year. A significant relationship was found between the occurrence of hand eczema and employment for less than 14 years as a car mechanic. This was also found for occurrence of white fingers and cuts on the hands. Further surveillance of the working environment among car mechanics seems to be required.

Automobiles↗