Biomedical subjects

B Dureuil

Publications and source records attributed to B Dureuil.

75 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

Effects of aminophylline on diaphragmatic dysfunction after upper abdominal surgery.

The effects of upper abdominal surgery on diaphragmatic function were studied in eight supine patients before and after administration of aminophylline. Changes in pleural (delta Ppl) and gastric pressure (delta Pga) swings were measured with balloon catheter systems. Transdiaphragmatic pressure change (delta Pdi) was calculated as the difference delta Pga-delta Ppl. The ratio delta Pga/delta Pdi, used as an index of the diaphragmatic contribution to the quiet breathing process, decreased significantly as early as 1 h after operation without any further change throughout the 6-h period studied. Administration of aminophylline (6 mg/kg), six hours postoperatively, produced a significant increase in this diaphragmatic index. These data indicate that the early reduced diaphragmatic activity, after upper abdominal surgery, partially may be reversed by administration of aminophylline. The mechanism of its action may involve central nervous stimulation and/or a direct inotropic effect on diaphragmatic muscle. Further studies are needed to evaluate if the correction of altered diaphragmatic motion by aminophylline improves postoperative lung function.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alteration in nutritional status and diaphragm muscle function.

Diet-induced undernutrition causes deleterious changes in the structure and function of the diaphragm muscle. Diseases associated with somatic washing cause atrophy of the respiratory muscles. In cachectic subjects, the diaphragm muscle mass and thickness are reduced in proportion to the reduction in body weight. In addition, respiratory muscle strength and endurance are reduced more dramatically than the weight loss. This finding suggests that malnutrition induces a reduction in muscular mass which is associated with a decrease in contractility. Diaphragmatic weakness may increase the risk of respiratory failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary goal of a successful nutritional programme is to improve the diaphragm strength by correcting the mineral, electrolyte and energetic disturbances at the muscular level, the latter being responsible for the decreased contractability associated with malnutrition.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk of anesthesia in respiratory diseases].

The risks attached to anaesthesia are considerably increased by the presence of a respiratory disease, especially in patients undergoing thoracic or upper abdominal surgery. Preoperative respiratory evaluation enables the risk of post-surgical respiratory complications to be measured according to the severity of the respiratory disease. This evaluation is mainly clinical, the results of lung function tests never providing criteria of fitness for anaesthesia. The frequency of respiratory complications is not influenced by the type of anaesthesia (general or local) or by the quality of postoperative analgesia. The risk of respiratory complications can be reduced only by pre- and postoperative management of the patient's lung disease.

Analgesia↗