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Biomedical subjects

B Dreyfus

Publications and source records attributed to B Dreyfus.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Improvement of cytogenetic results in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia using immuno-purified leukemic cells.

Cytogenetics of purified B lymphocytes and whole blood cultures were studied in 14 patients with B-CLL and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on interphase cells in 12 of these cases in order to detect trisomy 12. Only one minor abnormal clone was found on whole blood cell cultures, clonal anomalies were found in a large proportion of mitoses of 6/14 cultures of purified B cells. FISH detected a trisomy 12 in a case, not found in whole blood cultures but found in 78% metaphases of cultures of purified B lymphocyte. This method may be as sensitive as FISH for the detection of trisomy 12 and improves the detection of clonal abnormalities in CLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cytogenetics and molecular analysis in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients treated by interferon and chemotherapy.

A new combination regimen including chemotherapy and interferon was started in 1986 for the treatment of 24 chronic myelogenous leukaemia patients in chronic phase. Complete cytogenetic remission were noted in 10 patients and 6 of them are in sustained remission. The overall survival was 70% at 40 months. However, a minimal residual disease was detected in the 3 patients tested with the polymerase chain reaction. In addition no correlation was detected between the site of the breakpoint and response to therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Combined therapy interferon and chemotherapy in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

In view of the results achieved by others with interferons and also with low doses of Cytosine-arabinoside, we have treated 24 patients with IFN alpha 2a and Hydroxyurea for induction, with addition of low dose Ara-C during IFN maintenance therapy when the cytogenetic results were deemed insufficient. Complete hematological responses were obtained in 75% of the cases. Cytogenetic responses were noted in 83% of 12 previously untreated (complete or almost complete response in 3) and in 50% of previously treated patients (complete or almost complete response in 3 patients).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Karyotypes of 33 patients with clonal aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Review of 216 abnormal karyotypes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

We report on 33 unpublished patients with clonal anomalies in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The literature was thoroughly reviewed in order 1) to quantify the frequency of anomalies found in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and to give new status to the rarest, 2) to determine whether a given anomaly was an additional anomaly and/or a primary anomaly, and 3) to find out whether strong associations between different anomalies exist in this disease.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1988

[Acute leukemia with translocation (8;16)].

Three cases of M5 acute leukemia, 1 with a t(8;16)(p11;p13), 2 with variant translocations, both with a breakpoint at band 8p11, t(6;8)(q27;p11) and t(8;19)(p11;q13) are reported and 12 other published cases reviewed. This is a rare new entity, of variable but rather poor prognosis, seen from birth to 75 years of age, with several cases in infants. Leukemic cells, which often show conspicuous phagocytic activity on bone marrow smears, bear both monocytic and granulocytic markers in at least some cases. The best therapeutic regimen is not well-defined. The molecular basis of the disorder remains to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Disseminated aspergillosis in acute leukemia probably chemically-induced].

One case of invasive aspergillosis in patient with myeloblastic leukemia probably induced by chimiotherapy is reported. Aspergillosis is a severe infection in immunodepressed host with 70 to 80% of mortality. Early diagnosis can be often carried by broncho-alveolar lavage, route of entry is always pulmonary one. Rapidly established antimycotic treatment can avoid death. Laminar air flow rooms and air spores numeration allow prevention of this infection in the immunodepressed host.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Early response to chemotherapy as a prognostic factor in Hodgkin's disease.

In 164 patients with Hodgkin's disease staged between 1973 and 1979 the response to the 3 initial cycles of multiagent chemotherapy was evaluated as a prognosticator of survival. Treatment of localized disease (Stages I, II, III1) consisted of 3 cycles of chemotherapy followed by subtotal nodal irradiation, including the splenic area in non splenectomized patients. Treatment of extended disease (Stage III2 and IV) consisted of 6 cycles followed by low-dosage radiotherapy of initial bulky disease. Five-year actuarial survival was 88% in Stage I, 80% in II, 100% in III1, 45% in III2 and IV. Chemotherapy-induced complete remission after 3 cycles (CH leads to CR) was associated with a favorable prognosis. Five-year survival of Stage III2 and IV patients was better in those who reached CH leads to CR than in those who did not (75% versus 25%; P less than 0.01). This relationship between CH leads to CR and five-year survival was confirmed in patients with localized disease, as shown in Stage II patients (respectively 97% versus 63%; P less than 0.05). Therefore the response to initial chemotherapy provides a new prognostic factor that may serve to delineate a "high-risk" group of patients. The latter deserve aggressive therapy while those in the favorable group would benefit from a less aggressive combined regimen that would minimize long-term complications.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Multiple myeloma with high tumoral mass. Treatment combining melphalan, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, CCNU and prednisone. 35 cases].

The results of a combination chemotherapy trial (melphalan, CCNU, vincristine, cyclophosphamide) involving 28 patients with stage III (n = 21) or stage II (n = 7) multiple myeloma suggest a high response rate, with a mean 71% malignant cell destruction in 78.5% of the patients. A longer survival in responsive stage III patients as compared with patients treated with alkylating agents seems likely, but this can only be established by a randomized trial. Despite haematological side-effects, this combination therapy may be used in high risk patients, especially those resistant to a single alkylating agent and in whom the frequency, intensity and duration of responses appears to be the same as in previously untreated patients. In contrast, only one of the 7 patients treated for relapse after previous response to a single alkylating agent responded to the combination chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia in Western countries.

A new T-cell disorder has recently emerged: the so-called adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia (ATLL) initially described in Japan. Subsequently, ATLL cases were recognized in patients from the Caribbean. We summarize the clinical and hematological features of 19 published cases from Western countries, in addition to a new case we encountered. The leukemic cells display characteristic morphological features and a T3+T4+T8-T6- surface antigenic phenotype. Overall survival is of short duration, but remission could be obtained in our case despite a subsequent relapse in skin and CNS. Geographic clusters of ATLL cases have led to the discovery of the possible role of a new retrovirus, HTLV, in the genesis of this rare malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Bacterial septicemia in neutropenia patients].

Two hundred bacterial septicemia occurring in neutropenic patients (PMN less than 1,000 microliter) were analyzed. Most of these patients had hematologic malignancies. The underlying disease, the degree of neutropenia the association of septic focus with the bacteremia, the responsive microorganisms and their evolution during hospitalization were studied as prognosis factors. The overall mortality was 32.5 p. 100. The mortality was higher in patients whose granulocyte count was lower than 500 microliter. The occurrence of major septic focus (pulmonary, perineal infection, diarrhea with abdominal distension, ORL, or cutaneous extensive focus) during bacteremia was a highly significant factor of bad prognosis. The mortality of bacteremias with and without major septic focus was respectively 62 p. 100 and 15 p. 100. A study of the distribution of the bacterias was performed in terms of mortality and duration of hospitalization. "Escherichia coli" and gram positive cocci were predominant during the two first days and mortality was then low. After that time, others Gram-negative bacterias appeared, especially "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" and the mortality was increasing until the twentieth day. Therefore, the authors raise the opportunity of antibiotic therapy according to the duration between the beginning of the hospitalization and the occurrence of sepsis in neutropenic patients. The role of the extensive use of a curative antibiotic association using colistine and nalidixic acid between 1974 and 1976 is discussed in the emergence of more gram positive cocci bacteremias between 1976 and 1978 than between 1974 and 1976 in the same intensive care unit.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1982

Reticulocytosis, hypochromia, and microcytosis: an unusual presentation of the preleukemic syndrome.

Two patients exhibiting a highly unusual preleukemic syndrome with marked reticulocytosis, hypochromia, and microcytosis are reported. This red cell phenotype has been investigated by means of HbF, HbA2, and i-antigen activity dosages, immunofluorescence labeling of F cells, reticulocyte survival, globin chain synthesis, and electron microscopy study. The marked reticulocytosis is explained by a delayed disappearance of the reticulum. Serum iron is normal, and a thalassemic syndrome is excluded because of a balanced alpha/non-alpha globin chain synthesis. Electron microscopy studies are consistent with a defect in iron uptake by erythroid cells. All the hematologic data and investigations are similar to those observed for the Belgrade laboratory rat. It is hypothesized that the low expression of HbF and i-Ag associated with microcytosis are related to a prolongation of erythroid maturation as reflected by abnormal reticulocyte survival.

ABO Blood-Group System↗