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B Diouf

Publications and source records attributed to B Diouf.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Diagnostic and therapeutic features of tuberculosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Dakar].

Tuberculosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis therapy presents a number of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study was designed to assess the specific diagnostic and therapeutic features of dialysis-associated tuberculosis in a clinical setting. A total of 55 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study over the 5-year period from 1996 to 2000. Diagnostic techniques included questionnaire, clinical examination, chest X- ray, tuberculin skin test, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) screening on biological fluids and tissue biopsy. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 6 patients (11%). The disease occurred within the first two years after the beginning of hemodialysis. Initial signs were nonspecific, i.e., fever, weight loss, and cough. Tuberculin skin testing was negative in 5 cases. Tuberculosis was located in the lung in 2 cases, pleura in 2 cases, peritoneum in 1, and lymph node in 1. Isolation of the MT and confirmation by tissue biopsy was performed in only one case. Appropriate polychemotherapy was successful in 5 of 6 cases. Morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis in dialysis patients is closely related to early detection and treatment. Therapy is often based on strong presumptive evidence without definitive diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Secondary hyperparathyroidism of chronic hemodialysis].

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is defined as autonomic secretion of parathormon (PTH) whose 1-84 fraction level is up to 60 ng/l. The aim of this study was to determine incidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism on patients undergoing hemodialysis in Le Dantec Hospital of Dakar, and describe its diagnostic and therapeutical aspects. Between 22 patients followed in chronically hemodialysis, 11 patients had effective blood test of parathormon. Seven of them had high level of PTH and the other had normal rate. They were 5 men and 7 women with a mean age of 56 years. The mean duration undergoing hemodialysis was 42 months. Clinical signs were rare and non specific, dominated bony pains and anemia. Ectopic calcifications had been found in 3 cases. Hypocalcemia was present in 5 cases and high level of phosphoremia in all cases. The D3 vitamin was at a normal rate in all cases up to 10 ng/ml. Calcium supplementation with 1.5 to 2.5 g/day was effective associated with rich calcium dietary. This level of calcium supplementation appeared too low even though it must be closely estimated because of the possibility of improving ectopic calcifications. At the opposite, D3 vitamin supplementation seems to be unuseful under tropical areas.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Chronical renal failure in one Dakar Hospital Department].

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a polymorphic disease whose management need frequently multiple drugs administration and multidisciplinary approach. Thirteen years after the beginning of haemodialysis treatment in Senegal, we aimed to evaluate the management of chronic renal failure in Dakar University Hospital Internal Medicine Department. We analysed retrospectively 243 CRF in patients managed during the last three years in this department. Most of these patients (43.6%) were under 46 years old. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.31. The clinical symptoms were distributed as follow: high blood pressure (85.6%), anorexia (61.73%), anaemia (83.9%) and pruritus (12.3%). More than one third (37.04%) of patients had a clearance of creatinine under 10 ml/mn, at the diagnosis, and therefore required chronic haemodialysis. Only 8.23% of cases had the opportunity to get a medical treatment. Five machines ware available at this unity). The deficience of dialysis and nephrology personal is obvious in our practice. The majority of CRF patients can not afford the treatment cost. Therefore, medical training, prevention and screening of renal diseases seem to be the best way to solve this public health problem in developing countries.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Severe acute renal failure revealing membranous glomerulonephritis].

We report a 30-year-old female admitted for an acute renal failure (ARF) as initial sign of idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis. Severe ARF needed hemodialysis and renal biopsy after three weeks of evolution. Pathological examination revealed membranous glomerulonephritis mixed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Oral corticosteroids with hemodialysis allowed to obtain complete regression of ARF and partial remission of membranous glomerulonephritis. This case report call also to answer the question about existence of "tropical extramembranous glomerulonephritis" described in Dakar, more than twenty years ago.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Re-assessment of culture inhibition assays and reinvasion of P. falciparum for the appraisal of immunity of individuals living in an endemic area].

We conducted an analysis to reevaluate the in vitroculture inhibition assays as a reliable criteria of functional activity of anti-P. falcipanrm antibodies in premunized individuals. Several strains of P. falcipanrm adapted to in vitro culture were compared, and various technical conditions of parasite growth factors such as culture medium or incubation conditions were explored. A subsequent degree of variation was evidenced related to the parasite strain used and the culture conditions. The culture inhibition and the merozoite reinvasion inhibition assays were performed using a collection of plasma from premunized individuals living in two different endemic area of transmission in Senegal. High levels of inhibition were evidenced with a limited degree of variation according to the two different locations of individual's samples. A Significant relationship between anti-merozoite Ab levels and the culture inhibition assays was found contrary to the merozoite re-invasion inhibition assays. Taken together, our results show that such inhibition assays can be managed in facilities of southern laboratories near endemic areas. However, strictly defined culture conditions, homogeneous withdrawals of patients and standardized protocols are necessary for the assessment of such functional assaysas a potential markerof protection-associated mechanisms in longitudinal studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Analysis of 115 kidney biopsies performed in Dakar (Senegal)].

Few data are now avalable concerning renal pathology in black African. That is why we under took this study as a contribution to the better knowlege of pathological aspects of kidney disease in Dakar by analysing our 6 years's experience. It was a retrospective study concerning all the patients who underwent renal biopsyfrom January 1993 to December 1998. The samples were studied on light microscopy and immunoflorescence at the nephrology unit of Necker Hospital in Paris. We performed 115 renal biopsies during this period conceming 64 males and 51 females from 5 to 60 years old (mean age 28 years). Nephrotic syndrome represented 67% of the indications, followed by lupus nephritis (13%). We found primary glomerulonephritis in 75% of all cases. Anatomicaly, 54 cases of focal and segmental hyalinosis were found (47% of all biopsies). The other lesions were extra-membranous glomerulonephritis (8,6%), minimal change glomerulonephritis 6%, endo and extra-capillary glomerulonephritis 2,6%, Mesangial glomerulonephrits, extra-capillary glomerunephrotis, IgA nephropaty represented each 1,7%. In 5% of cases the lesions did not permit a precise classification. Focal and segmental hyalinosis is the main primary lesion and lupus nephritis the main secondary one in kidney deseases biopsied in Dakar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus at a hemodialysis unit in Dakar].

Infectious diseases are the most common complications of the hemodialysis unit patients. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is the main cause and is supposed to be lodged in the nostrils. The purpose of this study is to assess the importance of the SA presence in the patients and the medical staff nostrils in a senegaleese hemodialysis unit. In this regard, we performed a six-month prospective study on 12 patients on going hemodialysis (11 males and 1 female) and 7 medical agents (4 nurses, 2 physicians, and 1 nurse assistant). On patients we reported the initial nephropathy, the problems of vascular access, the infectious episodes prior to the study, and the duration of dialysis. Three sample series of nostril swabbing were carried out on patients and medical staff at a rate of one series every other month. Blood culture was systematically carried out on patients, with body temperature higher than 38 degrees C, every two months and. Sensibility to several antibiotics was tested for each stain. We found six cases of clinical nephroangiosclerosis, one Wegener granuloma and five unknown causes. All patients had Brescia Cimino arteriovenous fistula vascular and the mean time underdialysis was 36 months (from 7 to 55). Bacteriologically, 124 nostril specimens were performed, 80 on patients, 44 on medical staff. SA was isolated in 64 specimens (52 %) on patients and 34 specimens (24.4 %) on staff. Strains from forty five patients (70.32 %) were sensitive to methicillin versus 23 stains from staff ( 67.6 %). The difference was not statistically significant. Sensibility profil for other antibiotics was the same for patients and staff. All blood culture were negative. Despite nostril carriage noted on patients and staff, there were no infections during this period. However, the presence of permanent infection sites make it mandatory to be on the alert in order to control some of the behavioral changes of the germs, and to put into place an adequate prevention system.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Use of brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) physiological responses to stress as a teaching exercise.

Fish hematological changes during osmotic and cold stress are used to introduce the physiological reactions of the animal to an acute stress. Brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) were subjected to 1 h of stress before being anesthetized and having blood taken from their caudal vein. Glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and osmolarity were determined in the blood samples. Analyses showed that glucose concentration tends to increase and hematocrit tends to decrease in stressed fish. Changes in hemoglobin concentration occurred only in cold-stressed fish. A rise in blood glucose concentration is the result of cortisol secreted by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The glucose produced is used as an osmolyte or energy source to resist or combat the stress. In stressed fish, changes in hematocrit could be the result of the osmoconcentration of the blood plasma, as shown by the increase in osmolarity for the same group. In cold-stressed fish, a decrease in hemoglobin concentration could be the result of hemodilution by body cell water.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Seasonal fluctuation of antibody levels to Plasmodium falciparum parasitized red blood cell-associated antigens in two Senegalese villages with different transmission conditions.

The recombinant R23, PfEB200, and GST-5 antigens derive from conserved antigens associated with the Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte membrane. They were identified as targets of protective antibodies in the Saimiri sciureus model. We have assessed here the humoral response to these antigens in humans. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in two Senegalese villages with different levels of endemicity. The prevalence of specific IgG and IgM was similar and influenced by age in both localities. The anti-R23 antibodies decreased after the rainy season, particularly in the children less than ten years old. The anti-PfEB200 response did not show significant seasonal variation. The anti-GST-5 response increased in both the less-than 10-year-old and the greater-than 10-year-old groups after the rainy season in Dielmo, but only in the Ndiop villagers who were more than 10-years-old. Thus, antigen-specific seasonal variations of antibody levels were influenced differently by age in both villages. The isotype distribution was antigen-specific and differed for both seasons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in a chronic hemodialysis center in Dakar].

In endemic areas of hepatitis B and C, hemodialysis patients are highly exposed to these infections. So the authors studied the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among chronic hemodialysis patients of CHU A. Le Dantec of Dakar in a cross study carried out from June 1996 to June 1997, in order to identify risk factors and suggest appropriate prophylaxis. The study concerned fifteen chronic hemodialysis patients in an unit of hemodialysis in Dakar. For each patient, clinical and biochemical data were collected serological markers of B and C viruses were tested and HCV-RNA in case of seropositivity to C virus. The mean age of patients were 48 years and average duration of hemodialysis was 40 months. Hepatic injury was silent in all cases. Only one patient (6.7%) was AgHBs carrier while 9 patients (60%) were positive for antibodies anti HBs without previous hepatitis B vaccine. Twelve patients (80%) were found to be HCV-antibody positive and half of them were HCV. RNA positive. Average value of alanine amino transferase was higher in HCV-viremic patients than in seropositive but non viremic patients, although normal. Genotype 2 ac was found in 3 HCV viremic patients but it could not be determined in 3 other patients. Hemodialysis duration and number of blood transfusions were found to be risk factors of HCV infection. The high prevalence of HCV seropositivity among chronic hemodialysis patients in Dakar has led to strengthen precautions in our hemodialysis unit. HCV serological screening in blood donors is advocated.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Etiologies of chronic renal insufficiency in a adult internal medicine service in Dakar].

Chronic renal failure (CRF) sets public health problems both as its prevalence and its morbidity. The treatment is costly, that's why developing countries must engage in preventive strategies. In this view, a retrospective study was led in Le Dantec Hospital from January 1st, 1998 to December 31st 1993. As a preliminary to a countrywide survey, it is necessary to find out the causes of CRF clarify the causes of CRF in a hospital setting and sketch out a preventive strategy. The patients included in this study were those with CRF. The diagnosis of CRF were based on medical history data, anemia, but mainly biological and ultrasound imaging: creatininima more than 18 mg/l, and/or creatinine clearance less than 80 ml/mn, whose diagnosis was little sized kidney. Of the 5276 in patients, 384 had CRF representing 7% of sample. Only 261 cases were retained broken down into 119 females and 142 males (sex-ratio: 1.19). Age span ranges from 15 to 88 years with a mean of 44 years. Etiologies were dominated by unknown causes, 89 cases (34.23%). Nephroangiosclerosis was the most common known cause, 65 cases (25%) followed by diabetes nephropathy with 54 cases (20.69%) and chronic glomerulonephretic representing 41 cases (15.76%). Other causes were identified in various proportions: cortical necrosis (4 casesà, hereditary nephropathies (2 cases), interstitial nephropathy (1 case), nephroponophteois, kidney polykystosis, prostate adenoma and bilharziosis were all found in one case each. This study pointed out to a need for a nation-wide survey to define the aetiologies of CRF. The study also showed that an early diagnosis and adequate treatment of high blood pressure, diabetes and GNC should certainly constitute the principal axes of investigation for prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Specific antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in immune patients: IV--Cross-sectional analysis of anti-P. falciparum Ab responses in a mesoendemic zone of transmission in Sine-Saloum region].

We report here a comparative study of specific antibody responses to blood stages of P. falciparum in 100 individuals aged from 3 to 76 years, living in the village of Ndiop (an area where parasite transmission is approximately 20 infective bites per year). We have used 2 antigen preparations: crude merozoites and infected erythrocyte ghosts (GRp). High specific antibody responses were found in the villagers' sera, with IgG levels being significantly higher than those directed to the whole P. falciparum schizont Ag preparation; the reverse was found for IgM responses. An imbalanced IgG subclass Ab response was evidenced towards cytophilic IgG1+/gG3+ responses rather than to IgG2+/lgG4+. Mean levels of antibodies increased significantly with age and a strong relationship was evidenced in individual levels of Ab responses towards all the Ag studied. Investigation of the morbidity, recorded as the number of confirmed clinical accesses, underlined a significant inverse relationship only with the levels of IgG to GRp. Taken together, these results proved usefullness of crude P. falciparum Ags for immuno-epidemiological related studies and underlined GRp as a particular target of Ab responses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Flow cytometric analysis of IgG reactive to parasitized red blood cell membrane antigens in Plasmodium falciparum-immune individuals.

Antigens exposed at the surface of Plasmodium falciparum parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs) represent potential targets for protective antibodies involved in opsonization and immune phagocytosis of pRBCs. We measured the recognition of parasitized red blood cell membrane associated antigens by IgG in the plasma of clinically immune individuals by flow cytometry and ELISA. The plasmas were selected on the basis of preexisting IgG antibodies to pRBC membrane associated recombinant proteins. In every plasma sample IgG could bind the surface of live pRBCs in flow cytometry. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the level of IgG recognition of live pRBCs and of pRBC membrane ghost proteins or major identified antigens by ELISA. Flow cytometry thus represents a technique suitable to test for the accessibility and potential functionality of IgG antibodies directed to antigens expressed by the surface of pRBCs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of acute renal insufficiency in Dakar].

The acute renal failure (ARF) is a serious complication occurring commonly in gravidic toxemia. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the treatments wed on patients presenting an ARF and hospitalized in the Dakar hemodialysis centers and emergency service of Hospital Principal. These patients should be aged over 15 years at present no history of chronic renal failure. The diagnosis of ARF was based on the presence of a creatinine clearance value < or = 80 ml/mn, a creatinemia > 176.8 mo/l, an azotemia > 9.99 mmol/l. Thirty patients aged form 16 to 56 years were studied, they were 6 males and 24 females. Among them, 22 (73.33%) present anuria, 5 (16.7%) were in oligo anuria, and 3 (10%) had a normal diuresis. An aetiologic treatment was instituted whenever necessary. The other treatments consisted in dietary measures, hydroelectrolytic balance, blood transfusion, diuretic therapy, and hemodialysis. All anuric patients had a diuretic regimen. Ten of them had recovered a diuresis, 16 underwent hemodialysis in a mean time of 4 days. None of latter recovered renal function 5 patients developed Chronic renal failure and 11 died, mainly by infectious complications. Acute renal failure has until now a poor prognosis in our regions because of a certain management delay. This management should include a guide and adequate volume replacement, and eventually diuretic therapy, and dialysis as soon as possible.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1999

[Hepatic tuberculosis of the pseudotumoral form].

The authors report a case of a 30 years old immunocompetent woman with liver tuberculosis with an unusual pseudotumoral presentation and secondary occurrence of abcedation with cutaneous fistulization. The diagnosis was based on the bacteriological positivity for acido-alcoolo resistant bacillus in pus of the abscess obtained by ponction guided by ultrasonographic examination. The authors emphasize in the differential diagnosis with the other causes of liver abscess (amibiasis and pyogenic microorganisms) and liver carcinoma. They also note the importance of the function guided by ultrasonographic examination permitting histologic and bacte+ériologic study in the diagnosis of this unusual presentation of liver tuberculosis. The patient was treated by antibacillary antibiotics and evacuation function. The prognostic was good with 6 months of follow-up.

Adult↗