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Biomedical subjects

B Desrues

Publications and source records attributed to B Desrues.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Pleural amyloidosis. Apropos of a case and review of the literature].

The main respiratory manifestations of amylosis are tracheobronchial involvement and modular or diffuse parenchymal disease. Amyloid deposits in the pleura are exceptional. We observed transsudative pleural effusion and heart failure in a patient with multiple myeloma, leading to the discovery of pleural amylosis. Amyloid deposits in the pleura may be fortuitous discoveries since pleural effusion is not necessarily observed. It is however important to be aware of this possibility since the localization is easily accessible for diagnosis. Specific stains are effective diagnostic tools even for transsudative effusions, particularly in suggestive clinical conditions such as multiple myeloma.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia complicated by Mycobacterium fortuitum and Aspergillus fumigatus infections.

We report the case of a nonimmunocompromised female patient, who developed exogenous lipoid pneumonia with Mycobacterium fortuitum infection at diagnosis, later followed by Aspergillus fumigatus infection. The association of exogenous lipoid pneumonia with atypical mycobacterial infection is uncommon but well-recognized, but, to our knowledge, association with A. fumigatus infection has not previously been reported.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1995

Biodistribution of monoclonal antibody Po66 in a human lung tumour-bearing mouse model: effect of blood exchange on tumour antibody uptake.

We report a method designed to improve the specificity of tumour uptake after intravenous injection of an anti-tumour monoclonal antibody (MAb). It consists in increasing the blood clearance of the MAb injected in order to diminish its tissue activity, without altering tumour binding. Po66, an MAb directed against lung squamous cell carcinoma, was radiolabelled with 125I and injected i.v. into tumour-bearing nude mice. Radioactivity uptake by the tumour reached a plateau on days 3-5 which persisted up to day 14 after antibody injection. The radiolabelled Po66 remaining in the circulation on day 5 after injection was removed by means of exsanguination and blood transfusion. This blood exchange technique depleted circulating radiolabelled MAb by 60%, whenever mice had been injected with Po66 or an unrelated control IgG1. The proportion of radiolabelled Po66 taken up by the tumour 5 days after blood exchange did not differ substantially from that of non-exsanguinated controls (96.1% of controls). In contrast, there was a significant decrease in blood radioactivity (46% of control values on day 5). Blood exchange provoked a 1.8 fold increase in the tumour/blood and a 1.5-1.8 fold increase of the tumour/organ radioactivity ratios. After injection of unrelated radiolabelled IgG1, blood exchange reduced by 50% both blood and tumour radioactivity, and did not increase the tumour/blood or tumour/organ ratios. Hence, removal of 60% of circulating Po66, 5 days after its injection, did not affect the binding or retention of the antibody by the tumour, but would probably constitute a marked improvement if the antibody is used for two-phase radioimmunotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Monoclonal antibody Po66 uptake by human lung tumours implanted in nude mice: effect of co-administration with doxorubicin.

The efficacy of radioimmunotherapy of tumours with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) depends on the amount of antibody taken up by the tumour and on its intratumoral distribution. In the case of MAbs directed against intracellular antigens, increasing the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane may augment the bioavailability of the antigen for the antibody. This raises the question whether the induction of tumour necrosis by chemotherapy can enhance the tumour uptake of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies. In this work, the effect of doxorubicin on the biodistribution of Po66, an MAb directed against an intracellular antigen, was studied in nude mice grafted with the human non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line SK-MES-1. After injection on day 0 of 125I-labelled Po66, tumour radioactivity increased up to days 3-5, and then remained unchanged to day 14. The combined administration of 125I-labelled Po66 with 8 mg kg-1 doxorubicin, in two doses separated by 7 days, doubled the radioactivity retained by the tumour. Histological and historadiographic analysis showed, however, that the drug induced cellular damage. In the absence of doxorubicin, the accumulation of Po66 was restricted to some necrotic areas, whereas with doxorubicin the necrosis was more extensive and the antibody more evenly distributed. These results suggest that chemotherapy and immunoradiotherapy combined would enhance tumour uptake of radioisotope and promote more homogenous distribution of the radiolabelled MAb. This would promote eradication of the remaining drug-resistant cells in tumours.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Pleural fibroma. Contribution of immunohistochemistry].

The authors report a case of pleural fibroma discovered during an examination for thoracic pains in a 65 year old woman. Histochemical studies were positive with vimentin and negative with KL1 antibodies and compatible with the most recent hypotheses concerning the purely fibroblastic origin of these tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Severe acute asthma].

Serious acute asthma is a reality. The authors detail the factors that cover the areas usually met, the signs that are portents of a worrying development, regrouped to the threshold of the entirety of the "menacing syndrome", finally the signs of severity or distress, as well as the recommended treatments.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to oral anticoagulant use].

We report a case of alveolar haemorrhage in all probability, attributable to the use of anti-vitamin K. The favourable outcome of this type of disease has rarely been reported with anticoagulants and fibrinolytics, most frequently in a disturbed haematological setting with disseminated intravascular coagulation or profound thrombocytopaenia. One should not forget this diagnosis in cases of acute respiratory failure in association with an alveolar syndrome in an exposed patient due to the fact that the outcome is generally favourable after correcting the disturbed coagulation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Severe diffuse interstitial pneumonitis induced by carmustine (BCNU).

We report a fatal case of acute interstitial pneumonitis in a patient treated with carmustine (BCNU) for a brain tumor. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) revealed lymphocyte alveolitis with a low CD4/CD8 ratio (0.36), consistent with an immunoallergic phenomenon, rather than the most often evoked toxic hypothesis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Long-term oxygen therapy at home. Compliance with the medical prescription and observance of the daily duration of at least 15 hours].

Long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy in patients with chronic respiratory failure significantly improves both survival and quality of life. These therapeutic objetives are only achieved by daily oxygen therapy of more than 15 hours. For a period of 3 months, we have prospectively measured the duration of oxygen therapy in 930 patients with chronic airflow obstruction. This is carried out by reading the meters on the oxygen concentrators, or for liquid oxygen by checking the weight of the cylinders at each delivery, making allowances for the flow rate and also for natural loss from evaporation. The instructions for oxygen therapy and the true therapy of the patient were then gathered using a questionnaire. The practitioners were questioned on the prescription for oxygen therapy which had been made for each patient, and more generally on their usual criteria for prescribing long-term oxygen therapy. The patients (82% male) were aged between 67 +/- 8 years, and were on domiciliary oxygen therapy 36 +/- 24 months, with hypoxaemia (PaO2 = 56 +/- 9 mmHg), hypercapnea (PaCO = 47 +/- 8 mmHG) and suffering from airflow obstruction (FEV1/VC = 42 +/- 14%). The duration of prescribed oxygen therapy was on average 16 +/- 3 hours. The mean duration of oxygen therapy achieved was 14.5 +/- 5 hours, but only 45% of the patients (419/930) managed daily oxygen therapy superior of equal to 15 hours and were categorised as compliant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Mediastino-pulmonary sarcoidosis].

Sarcoidosis is diffuse granulomatosis disease. The aetiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Many different localizations have been described together with immunological disturbances. Generally, the prognosis is favourable. Here we describe the pulmonary manifestations and their staging. Extra-pulmonary manifestations are then presented. Finally, the principle elements of the diagnosis and the treatment of sarcoidosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Desmoid tumor of the thoracic wall].

Desmoid tumor are rare connective tissue tumors currently considered as sarcoma of low grade malignancy. They are most often encountered in young women of child-bearing years. Abdominal localisation is the most frequent site. The main aim of treatment is to avoid recurrences. We report a case of desmoid tumor developing in the thoracic cage in a patient who had been operated on six years earlier for an epidermoid carcinoma of bronchus.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Thoracic actinomycosis. Two aspects of an infection with protean manifestations].

The authors report two cases of thoracic actinomycosis with contrasting presentations, just as the diagnosis was obtained by different tests underlying the varied aspects of this disease. Indeed this infectious pathology does infrequently mimic tuberculosis or lung cancer with similar clinical and radiological appearances. The particular characteristic of the bacteriological culture and the quasi specific character of the pale, yellow grains on histology are recalled, as well as the different treatments necessary to ensure a cure in 90% of cases.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1993

[Pneumoblastoma. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of pulmonary blastoma, a rare type of pulmonary malignant tumour. The patient was treated by pneumonectomy combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The outcome was favourable, and during an 11-year follow-up there was no sign of recurrence.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Does peripheral blood T-lymphocyte population distribution in sarcoidosis provide a prognostic clue?

In its pulmonary form, sarcoidosis generally resolves spontaneously, but it may lead to fibrosis of the lung. The clinical, radiological and functional tests, as well as activity markers such as the serum angiotensin converting enzyme, intrathoracic uptake of 67Gallium and the cytological data provided by bronchoalveolar lavage are only the expressions at any given time of a disease which is constantly progressing and only partly express its evolutive potential. The authors studied the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and from bronchoalveolar lavage. 32 patients were included in the study. They were suffering from acute or chronic sarcoidosis of the mediastinum and lungs and were divided into 2 groups according to clinical, radiological and pulmonary function criteria; Group A (n = 19) included regressive forms (minimum follow up 2 years) and group B (n = 13) the progressive untreated forms. Lymphopenia with a decrease in the percentage of CD3 cells was found in both groups. The percentage of CD4 cells is significantly lower in group B (28 +/- 11%) than in group A (45 +/- 8%) (p < 0.01) or in the control population (46 +/- 8%) (p < 0.01). The percentage of CD8 cells is higher in group B (30 +/- 8%) than in group A (18 +/- 6%). This results in a CD4/CD8 ratio which is significantly reduced in group B (1 +/- 0.5) when compared with group A (2.72 +/- 0.8) (p < 0.01) and the control group (2.17 +/- 0.8) (p < 0.01), the difference between group A and the controls being minimal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Mycobacterium chelonei pulmonary infections. Apropos of a case].

Infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonei are rare. We report a case of pulmonary infection in a 57-year-old non-immunocompromised woman. Most of the abnormalities were observed at radiology which showed bilateral apical excavated opacities. The disease could only be diagnosed on surgical biopsies. Beside diagnostic problems, M. chelonei infections are a source of therapeutic problems.

Clarithromycin↗
PubMed1991

[The diagnostic value and therapeutic perspectives of monoclonal antibodies in bronchopulmonary cancer].

Monoclonal antibodies (AcM) have opened up new perspectives in the study of cancer. The production of murine AcM has been well described in the past. The characterisation of the antigen which they recognise and their in vitro and in vivo biological properties has led to their use in diagnosis and in due course to therapeutic possibilities. The specificity of AcM "vis a vis" certain molecules or tumour associated antigens enables their utilisation for diagnosis and their widespread use for the labelling of tumour markers. AcM may in difficult cases be more accurate in specifying the histological type of a bronchopulmonary or pleural tumour; by coupling the antibody to a radio isotope and injecting it into the circulation. This enables the detection of tumours in vivo by immunoscintigraphy. The numerous problems linked to the technique and above to biology of AcM limits its clinical value in assessing the degree of extension either locally or regionally of bronchopulmonary tumours. The therapeutic applications are at this stage experimental and above all studies have shown the limits of AcM used alone or coupled to a radio isotope, a toxin or a drug. The limits of the technique are linked to numerous factors, such as accessibility of the antigen site, the heterogeneity of tumour markers and non specific fixation and immunogenicity of the AcM. The experimental clinical stage should be continued in order to define the most effective utilisation of AcM in therapy which will doubtless be complementary to other forms of treatment.

Animals↗