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Biomedical subjects

B Decker

Publications and source records attributed to B Decker.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[New bone formation in an autologous spongy graft: an experimental morphological study].

Up to 5 days after an transplantation of autogenous cancellous bone in a defect of the ulna of dog which was stabilized by osteosynthesis no remarkable osteoblastic cell activity can be made out by light microscopy using the semithin sectioning technique. On the other hand, there is an obvious increase of osteogenic cells which normally only occur in small numbers in adult dog's cancellous bone of the iliac crest. Only after 7 days, numerous typical osteoblasts can be detected in association with transplanted cancellous chips, osteoblasts which seem to originate from the osteogenic cells by mitotic divisions. One week after the test's commencement, an extensive revascularisation of the transplant can be noticed as well. The osteoblastic cell activity and the forming of new bone are obviously dependent on a sufficient vascular supply in autogenous cancellous graft. The high osteogenic power of an autogenous cancellous graft is based on the ability of survival of the osteogenic cells, which proliferate and differentiate into osteoblasts in the course of one week, wherever its are close enough to functioning capillaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Morphological results after an experimental transplantation of autogenous cancellous bone in dogs (author's transl)].

Cell activity during the period of healing of an autogenous cancellous graft inserted into an artificial continuity defect of the ulna was studied in 20 adult dogs by light microscopy using the semithin sectioning technique. The defects were stabilised by osteosynthesis using metal plates and screws. The animals were divided into 4 groups and the autografts were investigated 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. Histologic analysis showed, that ... 1. one week after transplantation, undifferentiated cells resembling reticular cells, haemocytoblasts and many closely packed osteoblasts were scattered among the trabecular network of the autogenous cancellous graft. The survival of transplanted cells in our opinion is evident, by the absence of any sign of cell death or macrophage activity. 2. two to 4 weeks after transplantation a remarkable increase of the osteoblast activity was noted. This osteogenic cell activity was mainly directed toward bone formation along the surface of contact of the autograft with the adjoining bone and there was more than one layer of osteoblasts and osteoid. Osteoblasts were also found lying along the trabecular surface of transplanted cancellous bone, but here they were arranged in a layer, which was usually only one cell deep. 3. eight weeks after transplantation there was a remarkable change in the appearance of the autogenous cancellous graft. The activity of the multinucleated osteoclasts was significantly increased in the direction of the surface of contact of the autograft with the compact receptor bone. Evidently the osteoclasts produce the prior conditions for a closer contact of the autogenous cancellous graft with the adjoining compact bone.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementation of the mastery learning/modular curriculum in nurse-midwifery education.

A survey of all nurse-midwifery programs in operation during 1987 was designed to answer the questions: (1) to what extent were elements of mastery learning being implemented in nurse-midwifery programs, and (2) were there patterns of implementation associated with particular organizational characteristics of the programs. Mastery learning was introduced in nurse-midwifery education in 1972; in this study elements of mastery learning were found to be widely implemented in both mastery and non-mastery learning programs. Data about organizational characteristics of the programs revealed them to be homogeneous in several respects. There were no important differences in implementation of elements of mastery learning associated with the organizational characteristics studied.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A master's degree for entry-level ACNM-certified midwives. An option or necessity?

The health care industry is a massive system that is changing so rapidly that it is reinventing itself. With these changes, added demands have been placed on the knowledge base and practice of nurse-midwifery with emphasis on primary care, administration, and research as well as traditionally accepted nurse-midwifery practice. The American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) has a history of being alert to consumer demands, sociopolitical forces, and the health care industry itself as stimuli for change after full dialogue with the membership and appropriate study. Because the ACNM Division of Accreditation will be requiring a baccalaureate degree upon entrance or completion of each midwifery education program by June 1999, dialogue should begin now about the benefits of requiring a masters degree as the entry-level credential.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What would Nightingale say?

The letter to Florence Nightingale was written by Bernita Decker as part of a nursing course assignment for our Nurse Educator advisor, Betty Pugh. Florence Nightingale's response to the student was written by Joanne Farley, a Nightingale historian, who recently returned from a trip to England and Ireland to study original Nightingale documents and historic sites.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Filtration characteristics of the single isolated perfused glomerulus of Myxine glutinosa.

Using an in vitro microperfusion technique, the filtration characteristics of single isolated glomeruli of the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) were investigated. The suitability of the method as a model to study glomerular function was evaluated. Experiments with a protein-free perfusate led to a filtration coefficient Kf (0.189 +/- 0.181 nl x s-1 x mm Hg-1) that was in the same order of magnitude as determined in vitro for other vertebrates. Morphometric analysis on serial thin sections (1 microns) revealed a glomerular capillary surface (A) of 1.84 +/- 0.72 mm2. A linear relationship between glomerular diameter and A allowed the calculation of the hydraulic conductivity Lp (0.618 +/- 0.384 microliter x s-1 x mmHg-1 x cm-2). The data indicate that the isolated perfused glomerulus of M. glutinosa has filtration characteristics similar to higher vertebrates. The glomeruli of M. glutinosa, which in contrast to glomeruli of other animals are easy to dissect, are a suitable model for the study of glomerular filtration and permeability characteristics of vertebrates. An example of a possible application of the model is a study into the effects of adrenaline on glomerular filtration characteristics. Adrenaline led to increases in ultrafiltration pressure (PUF), single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) and filtration fraction (FF); Kf remained unaffected.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collagen fibril organization in the patellar tendon autograft after posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A quantitative evaluation in a sheep model.

We replaced the posterior cruciate ligament in 30 skeletally mature sheep with a patellar tendon autograft using the central third of the ipsilateral patellar tendon. The healing autograft was compared with the contralateral posterior cruciate ligament and the patellar tendons and posterior cruciate ligaments of nonoperated animals. The collagen fibril diameters were analyzed using transmission electron photomicrographs of fibril cross sections taken at six periods during the 2 years after surgery. The patellar tendon and posterior cruciate ligament were characterized by a broad, nongaussian distribution of collagen fibril diameters. The autografts shifted to a unimodal distribution by an increase of small-diameter collagen fibrils. The frequency of small-diameter fibrils measuring up to 100 nm was 99% after 2 years. At that time, these small-diameter fibrils represented 91.6% of the area covered by collagen fibrils. The mean diameter of the collagen fibrils in the autografts significantly decreased to 45% of the controls at Week 26 and remained at this level until the end of this study. The percentage of area covered by collagen fibrils per 1 micron 2 was 78% of the controls 2 years post-operatively. This study suggests that the patellar tendon autograft could not reproduce the collagen fibril organization of the posterior cruciate ligament. This may be a biologic factor responsible for inconsistent results in posterior cruciate ligament replacement.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations of glycosaminoglycans during patellar tendon autograft healing after posterior cruciate ligament replacement. A biochemical study in a sheep model.

In each of 30 skeletally mature sheep, the posterior cruciate ligament was replaced in one knee by a free patellar tendon autograft using the central third of the ipsilateral patellar tendon. The healing autograft was compared with the contralateral posterior cruciate ligament and the patellar tendons and posterior cruciate ligaments of nonoperated animals. The content of glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, and dermatan sulfate disaccharides was assessed biochemically at six periods during the 2 years after surgery. The total glycosaminoglycans and chondroitin sulfate disaccharides in the native posterior cruciate ligament was threefold that in the native patellar tendon. In contrast, the amount of dermatan sulfate disaccharides was similar in both the native tendon and native ligament. In the autograft, glycosaminoglycans and chondroitin sulfate disaccharides increased significantly to about 144% and 172%, respectively, of the contralateral posterior cruciate ligament at Week 104. The dermatan sulfate disaccharides in the autograft also showed a significant increase up to Week 26, followed by a remarkable but not significant decrease until the end of the study. In the contralateral posterior cruciate ligament, the dermatan sulfate disaccharides increased significantly between Weeks 52 and 104. Thus, the amount of dermatan sulfate disaccharides was similar in both the autograft and the contralateral posterior cruciate ligament after 2 years. This study suggests that the patellar tendon autograft did not completely assume the biochemical properties of the posterior cruciate ligament.

Animals↗