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Biomedical subjects

B Davies

Publications and source records attributed to B Davies.

298 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Azacitidine: 10 years later.

Azacitidine has been undergoing clinical trials for almost 20 years and is internationally considered to have a useful place in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. However, its role in the various combinations for induction, intensification, maintenance, or relapse regimens has not yet been clearly defined. This review outlines the last 10 years' clinical experience with the drug in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, analyzes what critical information has yet to be obtained, and suggests what phase III trials may still be feasible to gather that information.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of beclomethasone dipropionate and budesonide in the treatment of asthma.

Several reports have claimed that beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and budesonide (BUD) differ with regard to therapeutic efficacy and associated adverse effects, based either upon clinical data, or upon theoretical considerations. Although long-term comparisons are lacking, the consensus of numerous studies is that these drugs are of equivalent therapeutic efficacy. Assessment of pharmacological data suggests that beclomethasone 17-monopropionate (17-BMP), the active bronchial metabolite of BDP, has a greater glucocorticoid receptor affinity than BUD and thus theoretical claims for greater efficacy of BUD based on comparison with the receptor affinity of unchanged BDP are inaccurate. Similarly, clinical experience has not revealed any significant differences between the adverse effect profiles of BDP and BUD, in terms of adrenal suppression, changes in bone metabolism and growth, or cataract formation. Critical examination reveals that those reports describing differences in efficacy or safety profile between the two drugs have study design flaws which may undermine the validity of their conclusions. Current evidence indicates that, in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety profile, BDP and BUD are effectively indistinguishable.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors influencing nursing care of children who are terminally ill: a selective review.

Care of the child who is dying is a complex and emotionally difficult nursing challenge. A review of the literature reveals a scarcity of information relating to the nurse's experience and indicates a predominant atheoretic approach. Obstacles to effective and humane terminal care exist at the personal, interpersonal, and social levels in the current health care system.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Caring for dying children: nurses' experiences.

Interviews with 25 nurses in this grounded theory study show that when nurses recognized that a child's death was inevitable, they struggled with both grief distress and moral distress. Their distress occurred within the context of the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses employed a range of strategies to manage their distress. Several conditions facilitated or constrained nurses' strategies, and resulted in far-reaching implications both professionally and personally.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in active, sedentary, healthy and diseased men.

AIM: To examine differences in resting blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in male subjects of varying degrees of cardiovascular fitness ranging from the healthy elite athlete to the sedentary subject either with or without angiographically confirmed evidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Two-hundred-and-eighty-four clinically asymptomatic male subjects were selected from a group of Olympic distance runners (n = 1 7), physical education athletes (n = 44), and industrial executives (n = 223). Each subject received a detailed physical examination and provided a venous blood sample after fasting, which was analysed for lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. Maximum oxygen uptake was determined using on-line computerised respiratory analysis during a functional diagnostic test. The industrial executive group was further divided according to their electrocardiographic (ECG) response to exercise; negative ECG (n = 138), positive (abnormal) ECG but no angiographic evidence of CAD (n = 18) and positive ECG with angiographic evidence of significant CAD (n=67). RESULTS: Lipid-lipoprotein profiles were consistently abnormal in subjects with a positive ECG and documented evidence of CAD, whereas those subjects who tested negative or false-positive were less affected. The lipid-lipoprotein profiles observed between Olympic distance runners and an age-matched group of physically active students were not significantly different despite clear differences in physical activity patterns. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the abnormal lipid-lipoprotein profile in subjects with CAD, the present data also suggest that while physical activity confers metabolic cardioprotection, a threshold stimulus exists beyond which no further benefits can be gained.

Adult↗