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Biomedical subjects

B David

Publications and source records attributed to B David.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Oscillating algorithm in medical diagnosis : alternation of flow-charts and diary programs].

26 programs of paraclinical tests for inpatients were written in diary form. Conditions of use were clearly defined with emphasis on optimal utilization of the first two or three days of the stay. Nine diaries are presented as examples. In order to reconcile various clinical, logical and economic requirements, the algorithm should oscillate between the flow-chart and the diary. For clinical evaluation, the flow-chart, completed by a health questionnaire, is satisfactory. But, for prescription of the first paraclinical tests, the diary appears more efficient under the specified conditions of use. The next step should then be a flow-chart, and so on. Flow-charts and diaries may be provided separately, each clinician having the possibility of alternating from one to the other, according to findings and local conditions.

Diagnosis↗
PubMed1984

Associated abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 5, and 11 in dysmyelopoietic syndromes.

Two patients with dysmyelopoietic syndrome presented the same cytogenetic pattern in their bone marrow cells, i.e., trisomy of chromosomes #1 and #11, and terminal deletion of chromosome #5 (q13-q14). Two similar cases have been described in the literature. It is suggested that this cytogenetic pattern could be a nonrandom event.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Presence of IL 1 activity in the supernatant of human monocytes challenged with purified allergenic constituents.

Purified allergenic constituents from Dermatophagoides farinae mite (Df 11 and Df 6) and from orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) pollen (F 34) are able to trigger, in the absence of IgE and IgG antibodies, human adherent cells, leading to the secretion of interleukin 1, (IL 1). This secretion was observed with adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors as well as from atopic patients. The IL 1 activity was evaluated by the mice thymocyte mitogenesis in the presence of suboptimal doses of Con A. The secretion of IL 1 by adherent cells was not affected by a cytotoxic treatment with OKT3 monoclonal antibody in the presence of complement, implying a direct action of allergenic fractions, on monocytes, and not through a T-cell pathway. The challenge of human monocytes with allergens in the presence of indomethacin led to culture supernatants for which a higher 3H-thymidine incorporation by mice thymocytes was detected; thus, purified allergens could also trigger the secretion of prostaglandins by human monocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of antigenic and allergenic composition of two partially purified extracts from Dermatophagoïdes farinae and Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus mite cultures.

Dermatophagoïdes farinae (Df 80d) and Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (Dp 80d) extracts were analyzed for their antigenic and allergenic composition by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE). By CIE, 11 antigens could be numbered in Df 80d (Df 1 to Df 11) and seven antigens in Dp 80d (Dp 1 to Dp 7). This technique allowed us also to define antigens with common as well as specific parts for the two mite species. Among the antigens of D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus, only the antigen corresponding to Df 5 and Dp 5 seems to bear common epitopes to the two mite species, whereas Df 6 and Dp 4 appear to bear, respectively, specific epitopes of each species. Moreover, Df 11 appears to bear specific epitopes of D. farinae, although it shows a partial identity with Dp 7. By CRIE, on 20 mite-sensitive patients' sera, we identified, for each mite extract, the allergens responsive to human specific IgE. The allergograms show that the majority of mite-sensitive patients react with Df 11 and Df 6 and with Dp 7 and Dp 4. Thus, these antigens can be considered as major allergens. The minor allergens were also identified. None of these antigens was recognized by the control sera. Moreover, we observed that for one antigen (antigen 5) there exist antigenic determinants common to the two species of mites toward the rabbit serum and specific allergenic determinants to the human IgE response. A significant correlation was found between the specific IgE binding in CRIE and in RAST (Spearman coefficient: "rs" = 0.61 p less than 0.01 for Df; "rs" = 0.78 p less than 0.01 for Dp).

Allergens↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction to Dactylis glomerata pollen allergens by a purified component of this pollen.

By isoelectric focusing a protein fraction of pI 4.6 was isolated from a crude water-soluble extract of Dactylis glomerata pollen (SE). This fraction was neither immunogenic nor allergenic in BALB/c mice. In one week, this protein inhibited the mouse IgE-specific antibodies to the soluble extract as measured by PCA in rats and was therefore called Dactylis inhibitory protein (DIP). Two experimental approaches which lowered IgE anti-SE titer were undertaken. Pretreatment with DIP as well as injection of DIP after the last sensitizing injection with SE resulted in an inhibition of the circulating IgE antibody level to SE. For both experiments the regulation of the immune response touched only the IgE class, whereas the titers of anti-SE IgG, IgM, IgA antibodies were not modified. DIP treatment did not alter the IgE titers, measured by PCA, in the immune response to ovalbumin.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

[Management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Retrospective review of fifty case-reports (author's transl)].

In adults, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is less frequent and less clearly defined than in children. A retrospective study of fifty adult patients with ALL was carried out. Findings were similar to those reported in previous studies. Complete remission was achieved in 86% of patients. This rate is similar to that recorded in children with ALL. Median survival (twenty months) was shorter than in childhood because of frequent relapses. Various factors of prognostic value are discussed. Problems encountered in attempting immunological classification are studied. Prognosis seems to be related to the intensiveness of induction therapy and the choice of maintenance therapy regimen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Early evaluation of therapeutic response in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. A study of cytoreduction in blood and bone marrow (author's transl)].

Cytoreduction was evaluated during the first week of induction treatment in 29 adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In 25 patients a slope of decrement of circulating blasts between the 1st and 7th days of treatment could be drawn on a semilogarithmic scale. The fall of the medullary blast index was calculated in bone marrow obtained by aspiration in 17 cases and by aspiration plus biopsy in 11 cases. The diminution of circulating and medullary blasts was more pronounced in patients who achieved complete remission than in those who failed to respond (p less than 0.001), irrespective of the induction treatment. Early therapeutic cytoreduction, as measured by these simple mathematical methods, therefore has a bearing on the prognosis, and the induction treatment should be reinforced in cases where cytoreduction is insufficient.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Heterogeneity of grass pollen allergens (Dactylis glomerata) recognized by IgE antibodies in human patients sera by a new nitrocellulose immunoprint technique.

A new nitrocellulose immunoprint technique has been developed to detect specific antigens or/and allergens present among a heterogeneous solution such as a water-soluble crude extract of a grass pollen (Dactylis glomerata). The antigens are separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF) in an agarose gel and characterized by their isoelectric point (pI). These antigens are transferred and immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet. They are recognized by the binding of specific antibodies contained in an unfractionated serum to be studied. Finally, the binding of these antibodies is visualized by species- or/and class-specific antibodies themselves labeled by an enzyme or by radioactivity. So one can detect the allergens recognized by the specific serum IgE antibodies and also the other antigens recognized by specific IgG, IgA or IgM antibodies.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

Prognostic value of age and bone marrow karyotype in 78 adults with acute myelogenous leukemia.

Bone marrow karyotypes of 78 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were studied at the time of diagnosis, with special reference to the Sakurai and Sandberg classification (NN, karyotype completely normal; AN, mixture of normal and abnormal metaphases in the karyotype; AA, totally abnormal karyotype). The results showed no difference in complete remission rate (CR) or in survival time between the NN and the AN groups, but highly significant differences between the AA group and the NN and AN groups (whether taken together or separately). When studying the relationship between age and survival time, we found that 59 years of age was a frontier between two homogeneous groups having quite different prognoses. The NN/AN/AA classification had a good prognostic value in patients under 59 years of age. In older patients, no correlation was found between the classification and complete remission rate or survival time.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Grass pollen hyposensitization versus placebo therapy. I. Clinical effectiveness and methodological aspects of a pre-seasonal course of desensitization with a four-grass pollen extract.

The present work reports the results of a double-blind clinical trial, comparing the effects of hyposensitization treatment versus placebo in 33 patients with allergic rhinitis, sensitive to a crude extract of the pollen of four different grasses (Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Secale cereale, and Phleum pratense). The distribution of these patients in the two groups was done randomly and gave two comparable groups, as far as clinical and biological features are concerned. The treatment course included five low doses of the aqueous extract followed by 12 injections of Al(OH)3-adsorbed aliquots of the same extract. Evaluation of the clinical scores was based on diary cards on which symptoms and medications were recorded. A reevaluation of the significance of the symptom and medication scores is presented and the link between both scores is studied. Particular attention is given to the methodological and statistical problems raised during this study. The non-parametric tests reveal a significant difference (P less or equal to than 0.03) in the total clinical score between the treated and the placebo groups for the second half of the observation period, when the pathology was most intense.

Adolescent↗