Biomedical subjects
B D White
Publications and source records attributed to B D White.
A survey of heritable disorders in Maryland.
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Day care for the mentally retarded as a part of local health services in Maryland.
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Protein selection, food intake, and body composition in response to the amount of dietary protein.
Though not universally observed, moderately low-protein diets have been found to increase caloric intake and body fat. It appears that animals overeat in calories in order to obtain more dietary protein. For animals to control protein intake, they must be able to distinguish between two isocaloric diets containing different percentages of protein and make the appropriate dietary selection on the basis of their previous history of protein intake. Experiment 1 examined the 24-h diet selection (5 vs. 35% casein) of Sprague-Dawley rats that had been previously fed diets containing various percentages of dietary protein (5, 10, 20, 35, or 60% casein). Animals fed 5, 10, or 20% dietary protein showed a preference for the higher protein selection diet. In contrast, no significant diet preference was found in animals pre-fed the two higher levels of dietary protein (35 or 60% casein). In this study, daily food intake and body fat of rats fed the low-protein diets (5 and 10% casein) were similar to rats fed the 20% casein diet. Experiment 2 examined the effects of the level of methionine supplementation on rats fed 10% casein. In this study, food intake and body fat were increased by approximately 20% in rats fed 10% casein diets, regardless of the level of methionine supplementation (0.3 vs. 0.15%). Together, the results suggest that the presence of low-protein-induced hyperphagia helps maintain body protein levels in the face of moderately low dietary protein and promotes an increase in the amount of body fat and energy.
Variation in the CD4+ and CD8+ populations in lymph nodes does not reflect that in the blood during SIVMNE/E11S infection of macaques.
The decline in the CD4% and CD4/CD8 ratios have been compared in lymph nodes and blood from SIVMNE/E11S infected rhesus macaques. The results indicate that loss from the LN CD4+ cell pool does not occur until CD4/CD8 ratios of less than 0.5 is reached in blood. These changes also correlate with the ability to isolate virus from the blood and the transition of CD45RAhi to highly activated CD45RAlo CD8+ cells both of which may play a role in eliminating CD4+ cells. In end-stage disease, CD8+ cells also decline in LN and mitogen responsiveness no longer exists in any nodes. Interestingly at this stage, the circulating CD8% increases significantly and represents the only source of functional T cells remaining in the body.