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Biomedical subjects

B D Hall

Publications and source records attributed to B D Hall.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Prenatal genetic diagnosis in 3000 amniocenteses.

We analyzed 3000 consecutive amniocenteses for prenatal diagnosis to assess the frequency of abnormalities, safety of the procedure, technical and interpretive difficulties and overall diagnostic accuracy. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 2.4 per cent of the 2404 pregnancies tested because of advanced maternal age (greater than or equal to 35 years), in 1.2 per cent of 240 monitored because of prior trisomy 21 and in 9.1 per cent of 55 examined for other cytogenetic indications. Mosaicism was detected in 0.4 per cent, and unexpected translocations in 0.4 per cent. Amniotic fluid was obtained on the first attempt in 99.3 per cent of the last 1000 cases, and cultures established from 99.7 per cent of patients attending our clinic. The fluid was discolored in 1.2 per cent of patients, a quarter of whom had missed abortions. The rate of spontaneous abortion after amniocentesis was 1.5 per cent. There were 14 diagnostic errors, six serious enough to affect the outcome of pregnancy. The karyotyping error rate was 0.07 per cent. We conclude that prenatal diagnosis is safe, highly reliable and extremely accurate.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Choanal atresia and associated multiple anomalies.

Seventeen unrelated patients with multiple anomalies of unknown etiology were identified by the presence of choanal atresia. A regularly recurring pattern of associated features involving mental retardation, postnatal growth deficiency, hypogenitalism (males), small ears, cardiac defects, micrognathia, postnatal microcephaly, and ocular coloboma was identified. Choanal atresia when accompanied by multiple anomalies of unknown etiology has a serious prognosis with a predictable pattern of associated defects.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

The amniotic band disruption complex: timing of amniotic rupture and variable spectra of consequent defects.

Seventy-nine patients with the amniotic band disruption complex, including 54 infants with multiple system involvement and 25 with affected limbs alone, were evaluated. No two cases of the disorder were exactly alike. Defects varied from simple digital band constrictions to major craniofacial and visceral defects; fetal death may also occur. Amniotic rupture appeared to cause injury through three basic mechanisms: (1) interruption of normal morphogenesis; (2) crowing of fetal parts; and (3) disruption of previously differentiated structure. Comparison of 35 cases in which the timing of amniotic rupture could be estimated suggests that early amniotic rupture results in multiply affected infants who are frequently aborted or stillborn, whereas later rupture results primarily in limb involvement. Our findings indicate that both the spectrum of the developmental pathology and the nature of fetal outcome are determined by the timing of amniotic rupture. Appreciation of the mechanism which explains the disparate appearances of infants with the amniotic band disruption complex will allow more acurate diagnosis and appropriate counseling with respect to the sporadic nature of the disorder.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Transcriptional regulation of the yeast cytochrome c gene.

DNA from the cloned yeast iso-1-cytochrome c, cycl, gene was used in a hybridization assay to measure levels and rates of synthesis of cycl RNA. Derepressed cells synthesized cycl RNA at 6 times the rate of that of glucose-repressed cells. Upon glucose addition to a derepressed culture, the transcription of the cycl gene was repressed within 2.5 min. The half-life of hybridizable cycl RNA was determined to be 12-13.5 min under repressed and derepressed conditions and during repression. The results demonstrate that the expression of the cycl gene is subject to transcriptional regulation.

Cytochrome c Group↗
PubMed1979

Familial congenital bowing with short bones.

The case reports of 2 brothers with congenital bowing and short broad bones are discussed. In this apparently new familial bowing syndrome, the rhizometic portions of the limbs are more severely involved, particularly the femora. In early infancy the metaphyses are moderately flared and irregular, but these improve dramatically during childhood. Clinical abnormalities are limited primarily to the thorax. Prognosis appears good except for the persisting disproportionately short stature. These 2 patients may resemble one or both patients previously reported by Khajavi et al. under the label of short-limbed campomelic syndrome, normocephalic type (1).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Hypochondroplasia: clinical and radiological aspects in 39 cases.

A retrospective review of 39 cases of hypochondroplasia revealed consistent but variable degrees of clinical and radiological features sufficient to allow differentiation from other well-established metaphyseal chondrodysplasias. Macrocephaly was noted in approximately half the cases. This contradicts a finding of normocephaly in previous studies.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1979

Partial trisomy for the distal long arm of chromosome 5 (region q34 leads to qter). A new clinically recognizable syndrome.

This report describes a family in which eight individuals in three generations had mental retardation in association with a characteristic pattern of clinical problems and physical abnormalities including short stature, eczema, hernias, delayed puberty, dysmorphic facies and digital anomalies. The family history was consistent with a chromosomal rearrangement with transmission through balanced carriers. Routine ASG banding studies showed extra chromosomal material on a chromosome 16 but failed to demonstrate any differences between the affected individuals and the presumed carriers. However, subsequent studies utilizing trypsin banding and microspectrophotometry of individual chromosomes demonstrated that the affected individuals were partially trisomic for the distal band of the long arm of chromosome 5 and that 0.273 units of a chromosome 5 were translocated to chromosome 16. This definitive cytogenetic diagnosis permitted accurate prenatal diagnosis to be carried out on the fetus of a balanced carrier female. The application of these techniques to previously obscure familial dysmorphic syndromes is recommended.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Retinal involvement in thoracic-pelvic-phalangeal dystrophy.

A patient with typical thoracic-pelvic-phalangeal dystrophy has survived to the age of 11 years with no pulmonary problem except a single episode of pneumonia at the age of 5 years. She has no evidence of renal disease. An associated ocular lesion resembled Leber's congenital amaurosis clinically but was different on electrophysiologic testing.

Anthropometry↗