Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B D Grant

Publications and source records attributed to B D Grant.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cervical vertebral interbody fusion in the horse: a comparative study of bovine xenografts and autografts supported by stainless steel baskets.

A modified form of the Cloward technique for anterior cervical fusion in human beings was used in the application of different grafts for evaluation of their effectiveness in stabilizing equine cervical vertebrae. Results of bovine xenograft implants in 8 horses were compared with results of stainless steel baskets (SSB) packed with cancellous autogenous bone in 8 horses. Graft material was incorporated in all cases. Evidence of graft rejection was not present. Both forms of implants decreased the mobility of the intervertebral space in which they were implanted. A fibrous connective tissue union was prevalent after xenograft implantation. Osseous union was prevalent after implantation of the SSB. Reduction in range of motion was greatest at those sites with the SSB.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Arterial blood gas tensions during exercise in a horse with laryngeal hemiplegia, before and after corrective surgery.

Arterial blood samples were collected during maximal exercise over 1.6 km in a thoroughbred horse with left laryngeal hemiplegia. Acid-base and blood gas measurements were performed on each sample and compared to the results from samples which were similarly collected 48 hours after laryngoplasty surgery was performed. Before surgery, the PaO2 was 53.2 mm Hg and the PaCO2 was 58.1 mm Hg after 1.6 km. After surgery, the corresponding results were 83.6 mm Hg (PaO2) and 39.0 mm Hg (PaCO2). There was no significant difference in the times taken for each gallop. The exercise intolerance associated with laryngeal paralysis may be caused by an increase in the oxygen cost of breathing.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Electromagnetic measurement of cardiac output during exercise in the horse.

Aortic root blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic (EM) flow meter in unanesthetized horses during rest and exercise. The cardiac output response to exercise, as determined by the EM technique, was compared with the response reported by others who used indicator dilution techniques with good agreement. The EM method will allow making measurement of cardiovascular responses to exercise in the horse, not obtainable with other techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Surgical implantation of cardiovascular devices in the thorax of the horse.

A surgical thoracotomy and implantation of an electromagnetic flow probe around the ascending aorta and catheters in the left ventricular (LV) apex of the horse were evaluated. Sixteen operations were done: 4 horses were used for acute experiments, 4 horses died from surgical manipulation, and 8 horses were studied chronically for 18 to 57 days. The electromagnetic flow probe allowed continuous measurement of stroke volume and heart rate. The LV apical catheters, in conjunction with thermal dilution techniques and pressure-sensitive devices, allowed measurement and calculation of mean arterial blood pressure, total peripheral vascular resistance, LV residual fraction, LV and diastolic volume, and LV end systolic volume.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The source of the 5-alpha-pregnanes that occur during gestation in mares.

[1,2,6,7-3H]Progesterone was injected into the uterine artery of umbilical vein of 4 pregnant Ponies to determine whether 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (DHP), 20 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-3-one (20 alpha-ol), and 3 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one (3 beta-ol) are produced by the placenta, fetus, or mare during late gestation. Plasma samples were collected from indwelling catheters in the uterine artery and vein and the umbilical artery and vein at frequent intervals until 6 h after isotope injection. The plasma samples were extracted with organic solvents and the respective pregnanes were isolated by thin-layer chromatography. Mean plasma levels of radioactive DHP in the umbilical vein were greater (P less than 0.05) than those in the umbilical artery but were similar to those in the uterine artery and vein. Plasma levels of radioactive 20 alpha-ol in the umbilical artery and vein were less (P less than 0.05) than those in the uterine artery but similar to those in the uterine vein. Levels of radioactive 3 beta-ol in the umbilical artery were greater (P less than 0.05) than those in uterine artery and vein and similar to those in the umbilical vein. We suggest that DHP was produced by the placenta and a maternal source, that 20 alpha-ol was primarily of maternal origin, and that 3 beta-ol was formed primarily by the fetus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity responses in normal horses and immunodeficient foals.

Delayed hypersensitivity (DH) responses of normal and immunodeficient horses were evaluated with antigens [dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)] and phytolectins [phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A)]. Immunologically normal horses sensitized with 5 daily applications of 2 mg of DNCB developed positive skin reactions upon challenge with 0.4 mg of DNCB. The delayed onset of the reaction and the predominately mononuclear cell infiltration at the test site indicated these were DH reactions. Normal horses sensitized with 500 microgram of KLH and challenged with 100 microgram of KLH developed skin reactions appearing earlier and composed of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, suggesting involvement of both humor and cellular mechanisms. Arabian foals with combined immunodeficiency failed to respond visibly to either antigen. Intradermal injection of 50 microgram of PHA induced visible reactions in all normal horses tested. The slow development and the predominately mononuclear cell infiltrate of PHA reactions resembled DH responses to antigen. Reactions were induced by Con A in 15 of 16 normal adult horses and 7 of 14 normal foals. The reactions were rapid in onset and contained numerous eosinophils. All 6 foals with combined immunodeficiency failed to respond to PHA injection, whereas 5 of 6 did not respond to Con A. Based on the results of these studies, it appears that in vivo skin tests with PHA and DNCB can be used to screen horses for deficient T-lymphocyte responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Cryotherapy of periocular squamous cell carcinoma in the horse.

Squamous cell carcinoma around the eyes of 3 horses was treated with liquid nitrogen, using cryotherapy probes as the method of application. In 2 cases, there was complete regression of the tumor; in the 3rd case, remission and relief of discomfort were temporary.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of cystlike lesions of the equine paranasal sinuses.

Development of cysts in the equine paranasal sinuses is probably a congenital disease; however, signs may not appear for several years. In 4 cases, clinical signs were observed when fluid accumulation within the cysts resulted in nasal discharge or facial swelling, or when secondary infection occurred. Treatment required surgical removal of the lining membrane and other involved tissues. Postoperative care included lavage of the sinuses and systemic antibiotic therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Villonodular synovitis of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint.

Villonodular synovitis was diagnosed as the cause of lameness in 14 horses. The diagnosis was based on the history, clinical signs, and arthrographic findings. Treatment consisted of surgical excision and radiation therapy. The response to treatment was favorable in 13 horses.

Animals↗