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Biomedical subjects

B Czernobilsky

Publications and source records attributed to B Czernobilsky.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Cytokeratins of normal epithelia and some neoplasms of the female genital tract.

Cytokeratins are a family of polypeptides of intermediate filaments which in diverse epithelia are expressed in different, yet specific, combinations. We have studied the cytokeratins present in normal epithelia of the female genital tract, in comparison with those present in genital tract carcinomas, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of cytoskeletal proteins from microdissected tissues and by immunofluorescence microscopy. Cells of ovarian mesothelium, oviduct, endometrium, and endocervix contain cytokeratin polypeptides nos. 7, 8, 18, and 19. By contrast, tonofilaments of the stratified squamous epithelia of vagina and exocervix contain cytokeratins 4, 5, 6, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 19. Exocervical regions distant from the endo-exocervical junction as well as vagina contain, in addition, the large (Mr 68,000) and basic cytokeratin component no. 1, previously described in epidermis. Endocervical squamous metaplasia at the endo-exocervical border displays a complex cytokeratin pattern, probably due to cell-type heterogeneity. Similar cytokeratin patterns are also observed in genital tract epithelia of the cow and mouse. In human carcinomas of the female genital tract, two main types of cytokeratin patterns can be distinguished. Ovarian carcinomas and endometrial adenocarcinomas express cytokeratins 7, 8, 18, and 19 and, thus, maintain the pattern of the cells of their origin. In endocervical adenocarcinomas the additional presence of component no. 17 has been noted. Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix show a very complex pattern (cytokeratins 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, and 19). Keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix display lower complexity and lack cytokeratins 7, 8, and 18. When frozen sections are examined by immunofluorescence microscopy, all epithelia of the genital tract are stained with the monoclonal cytokeratin antibody KG 8.13. Simple epithelia but not the stratified epithelia of vagina and exocervix also react with monoclonal antibodies specific for cytokeratins 8 or 18. The value of cytokeratin polypeptide patterns in distinguishing diverse epithelial cell types of the female genital tract, in elucidating the histogenesis of neoplasms, and in providing a new tool for the differential diagnosis of tumors is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoma of the vulva.

From 1966 to 1981 96 patients with carcinoma of the vulva received their primary treatment at the Frauenklinik of the Klinikum Mannheim. The average age was 69 years at the time of the diagnosis. Histologically keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma was found in 78.2% of all cases, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma in 9.2% and atypical squamous cell carcinoma in 4.6%. Preferred localisation of the vulvar carcinoma were the labia majora and minora (55.1%) and the perineum (19.5%). 43.7% of all patients underwent vulvectomy or hemivulvectomy, followed by radiation in 47.4% of these cases. Electrorescetion was performed in 24.1% of all patients, followed by radiation in 71.4%. 16.1% underwent radical surgery, followed by radiation in 85.7% of patients. The 5-year survival rate was 44.4% when radical surgery was performed, and 38.5% when this was not the case.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ovarian endometrioid tumors mimicking Sertoli and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors: Sertoliform variant of endometrioid carcinoma.

We have encountered four cases of an unusual variant of well-differentiated endometrioid carcinoma that was predominantly composed of tubules, solid or hollow, as well as cord-like areas histologically mimicking Sertoli and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. The two features most helpful in differential diagnosis were the presence of areas of tumor with the typical confluent pattern of endometrioid carcinoma, and the presence of mucin at the apical borders of the tumor cells and/or within glandular lumina. Other features that were helpful if present, but were observed only in one case each, were foci of squamous metaplasia or the presence of ciliated epithelium. In two cases, ultrastructural studies showed well developed microvilli and perinuclear microfilaments confirming the endometrioid nature of the neoplasm. The patients varied from 22-74 years in age. All tumors were confined to a single ovary, and no tumor is known to have recurred or metastasized. One of the patients died at age 80, six years following operation, presumably without evidence of recurrent neoplasm or metastases. Two other patients are living and well, one and 14 years after diagnosis. In one patient follow-up is short. The clinicopathologic features of this variant of endometrioid carcinoma are reviewed with emphasis on differential morphologic features.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

The effect of estrogen and gestagen on the mucus production of human endocervical cells: a histochemical study.

The effect of hormonal stimulation on the intracellular mucus production of the endocervical cells was histochemically and morphometrically investigated. Twenty-seven cervixes from patients who had received estrogen or gestagen prior to hysterectomy were examined. "Upper" versus "lower" cervix and "small" versus "large" crypts were compared in both groups of patients. The histochemical analysis of mucins within the cells was based mainly on the combined alcian blue/periodic acid Schiff (AB/PAS) techniques at various pH levels. A semiquantitative estimation using cell counts and statistical evaluations was done for each staining method. The results indicate that sex hormones influence the chemical composition of endocervical mucus production. In addition, the nature of the intracellular mucus varies with the cryptal size and location within the cervical canal.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1982

Endometrioid neoplasia of the ovary: a reappraisal.

The emergence in recent years of new concepts and entities pertaining to ovarian endometrioid neoplasia has led to a reappraisal of the subject. In this reappraisal, the double listing of benign endometrioid lesions as both "tumors" and "tumor-like" lesions, as it appears in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, is being avoided and they are all listed under one heading. Clear cell tumors, which, in the WHO classification, are not listed under endometrioid neoplasia, are included among the latter in the proposed classification. Recently described entities are reviewed, as are those previously listed but not well documented. Some of the WHO listed endometrioid tumors of low malignant potential are omitted from the present discussion, as histologic and clinical data pertaining to such neoplasms are still not available.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Spontaneous uterine neoplasms in the fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus).

Sacrifice of 69 fat sand rats (Psammomys obesus) bred at the Hebrew University--Hadassah Medical School, yielded 19 cases with spontaneous uterine tumours. These consisted of 5 leiomyomas, 3 endometrial polyps, 10 adenofibromas and one possibly malignant mixed mesodermal tumour. The relatively high incidence of adenofibromas histologically resembling the human neoplasm, could make this animal a useful model for further study of Müllerian mixed tumours.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Adenosarcoma of the ovary. A light- and electron-microscopic study with review of the literature.

This is a light- and electron-microscopic study of a large ovarian adenosarcoma in a 50-year-old woman as well as a review of the literature. The tumor showed a variety of müllerian type epithelia and a spectrum of stromal patterns including nonspecific fibroblastic, and endometrial type stroma. The latter ranged from normal-appearing to low-grade sarcoma. This study emphasizes the relationship of ovarian adenosarcoma to cystadenofibroma, on the one hand, and to malignant mixed müllerian (mesodermal) tumor, on the other. It appears that the mitotic count which is used as the primary means for the classification of smooth muscle and stromal tumors of the uterus, has less value in the assessment and prognostication of ovarian adenosarcomas.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

A limited form of Churg-Strauss syndrome: ocular and cutaneous manifestations.

A case that supports the concept of a limited form of Churg-Strauss allergic granulomatosis was studied. The patient had a syndrome that was initially confined to the conjunctiva and subsequently displayed cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions. At no time was there any evidence of systemic involvement. Asthma appeared ten years before the onset of the present disease. The characteristic histologic findings consisted of diffuse tissue eosinophilia, and eosinophilic necrotizing and nonnecrotizing granulomatosis. The last, as well as conjunctival involvement, has not been previously described in Churg-Strauss syndrome to our knowledge. Thus, this entity most likely represents a variant of the classic Churg-Strauss syndrome, lacking the multiple organ system involvement that occurs in the latter. The patient responded well to therapy with corticosteroids and as of this writing has been free of disease for about 2 1/2 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Partial moles: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases.

This study is based on a review of all moles diagnosed at the Kaplan Hospital in Israel from 1968 to 1977. Histologic reevaluation revealed that of a total of 72 moles, 47 (65%) were complete and 25 (35%) partial. In contrast to complete moles, about one third of the partial moles showed fetal parts. An analysis of the patient records showed smaller uteri, less vaginal bleeding, absence of severe vomiting, lower gonadotropin levels, and normal follow-up in patients with partial moles as compared with those who had complete moles. These results indicate that the partial mole is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that can be suspected by the clinician and confirmed by the pathologist on morphologic grounds, even in the absence of cytogenetic analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ovarian endometrioid adenofibromatous and cystadenofibromatous tumors: benign, proliferating, and malignant.

Ovarian endometrioid tumors with an adenofibromatous pattern have been described but the entire spectrum of these tumors has not been analyzed. A series of ten cases was studied and divided into two benign, four proliferating, and four malignant tumors on the basis of their morphologic characteristics. The most useful criterion for distinguishing proliferating from benign adenofibromatous tumors is increased epithelial proliferation, associated with glandular complexity and crowding in the former. Proliferating tumors may represent one form of the endometrioid tumor of borderline malignancy. The presence of a confluent growth pattern with invasion of the stroma distinguishes malignant from proliferating tumors. The various tumors in this group frequently show squamous metaplasia and are often associated with endometriosis. Because of the relatively small series, the biologic behavior of these histologic variants cannot be evaluated at this time.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Unusual ovarian, tubal and pelvic mesothelial inclusions in patients with endometriosis.

Unusual mesothelial inclusions were observed in ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvic wall in six out of 57 patients with endometriosis and in none of 100 ovaries without endometriosis. Although of the same origin as the common ovarian epithelial inclusion cysts, these mesothelial inclusions were different being small, closely packed mesothelial cell nests with or without central lumina and occasionally demonstrating a pseudoinfiltrative pattern, rather than the cystically dilated, non-crowded glands lined by a variety of Müllerian type epithelia. Histochemical reactions of these mesothelial inclusions were similar to those obtained in normal mesothelium, but differed from those seen in common epithelial inclusion cysts, endometriosis and adenocarcinoma. The association of these inclusions with endometriosis suggests that a common stimulus is responsible for the development of both conditions from the multipotential pelvic mesothelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Effect of the carbon dioxide laser on the oviducts of rabbits.

Oviducts of 35 mature, white New Zealand rabbits were injured by a laser beam, using various powers from 25 to 40 W, and by a series of pulses of 1/10, 1/20 or 1/100 s duration. The contralateral oviducts served as controls and were injured at similar areas by a scalpel. The injured areas of both tubes were histologically examined at different periods from the time of injury. Enzyme histochemical studies were also carried out. The site of the laser injury was bloodless. There was a delay in the healing process of the laser side. Vessels were sealed at the area where the spot of the laser hits the vessels, but beyond that point a regular thermal damage was noted with thrombus formation such as seen in regular diathermia or scalpel injuries. Enzymatic activity of the epithelium in the vicinity of the laser-injured areas was intact. The thermal damage due to laser injury found in this study is still significant and would necessitate the use of the laser by microtechniques so as to limit the damage of oviduct tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Tuberculoid cornstarch granulomas with caseous necrosis. A diagnostic challenge.

We studied a patient in whom peritoneal granulomas developed with caseous-type necrosis after exposure to cornstarch from surgical gloves. This necrotizing type of lesion, which is the least common among cornstarch granulomas, can simulate tuberculous infection and lead to initiation of antituberculous therapy. A review of the literature suggests that there are two basic types of cornstarch granulomas: the phagocytic, foreign body type, and the tuberculoid granuloma with and without central necrosis. The morphologic features and possible mechanism of formation of these types of granulomas are being discussed. Although the cornstarch particles can be identified with a variety of stains, the most reliable method is that of examination with polarized light, which is recommended in all cases of granulomas, especially abdominal ones.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Malignant external otitis: early histopathologic changes and pathogenic mechanism.

The histopathologic changes during the early stage of malignant external otitis (MEO) were studied in two patients, one a non-diabetic. The specimens were obtained by an en bloc excision of the diseased tissue of the external ear canal through a retroauricular approach. The most prominent histologic features of the early stage of MEO consist of a thick layer of almost acellular, partly degenerated, collagen extending from the cartilage into the dermis, which most likely existed prior to the penetration of the microorganism. This finding supports our concept that MEO is a disease which develops as a results of invasion of opportunistic organisms into tissue previously devitalized, probably due to vascular compromise and that these latter features constitute the basic mechanism of the entire disease process.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Endocervical-type epithelium in endometrial carcinoma: a report of 10 cases with emphasis on histochemical methods for differential diagnosis.

A review of the histologic material from 100 patients with endometrial carcinoma revealed 10 cases in which endocervical-type epithelium constituted an integral component of endometrial adenocarcinoma. In nine of these, the endocervical epithelium was focal while in one patient, reported in detail, the curetted endometrial carcinoma presented as an almost pure endocervical-type lesion. In most instances, the endocervical epithelium was papillary and mature, but areas of tufting, pseudostratification and atypism were also evident. Endocervical-type epithelium in endometrial cancers was more common in curettings than in hysterectomy specimens probably because of its superficial location within the tumor. The endocervical nature of these components, which are most likely of metaplastic origin, was evident on light and electron microscopy. Histochemical stains established the similarities of the cytoplasmic mucins of these cells to that of normal endocervix and well-differentiated endocervical adenocarcinoma and emphasized the dissimilarities to the mucin content of papillary, secretory and clear-cell endometrial carcinoma. Thus, awareness of this type of lesion, application of strict histologic criteria and use of histochemical stains make it possible to reach the correct diagnosis in most cases, even in those in which the endocervical-type epithelium composes the major portion of curettings from an endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗