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Biomedical subjects

B Comet

Publications and source records attributed to B Comet.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Cardiac hydatidosis. Review of recent literature and report of 15 cases].

In the context of a personal series of fifteen cases of hydatid cyst of the heart, the authors present a computerized review of the last one hundred cases published in the literature. The modern features of the disease are discussed together with its severity (mortality of 23.47% in 98 recent cases). Despite the considerable contribution of ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, a certain number of pejorative criteria appear to persist:delayed diagnosis, diagnostic error, acute pulmonary oedema and incomplete surgical cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Infective endocarditis of a valve prosthesis. Multicenter study (179 cases)].

Over a 5-year period (1982-1986) 176 cases of infective endocarditis on prosthesis (IEP) were recorded in 40 cardiology departments. 65 p. 100 of the patients were male, and the mean age of the population was 51 years. Mechanical prostheses were involved in 57 p. 100 of the cases and bioprosthesis in 43 p. 100. There was a high proportion of initial indications for bacterial endocarditis (18 p. 100) and for reoperation on prosthesis (10 p. 100). IEP developed early in 40 cases and late in 139 cases; 19 (48 p. 100) of the early IEPs were staphylococcal, while 31 p. 100 of late IEPs were streptococcal (p less than 0.01). 143 patients were reoperated upon within less than 1 month in 41 p. 100 of the cases, with a pre-operative antibiotic therapy of less than 10 days in 39 p. 100. Reoperation was performed in stage IV or as an emergency in 45 p. 100 of the cases. Abscesses were three times more frequent with aortic prostheses than with mitral prostheses (58 p. 100 vs 20 p. 100, p less than 0.001). Vegetations were more frequent on mechanical prostheses than on bioprostheses (43 p. 100 vs 31 p. 100, NS). The operative mortality rate was 25 p. 100; the mortality rate of unoperated patients was even higher (31 p. 100). The survival rate in operated IEP was 51 p. 100 at 30 months, as against 46 p. 100 at 12 months in unoperated IEP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty with extracorporeal circulation: preliminary results].

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in patients with low ejection fraction (EF) and/or a large area of remaining viable myocardium served by the target vessel can cause hemodynamic collapse in case of acute closure. We report 11 patients in whom the cardiopulmonary bypass support (CPS) was instituted because of contraindication to surgery (Group I) or unstable angina associated with low EF and/or a large amount of myocardium perfused by the target artery (Group II). Nine were male and 2 female, mean ages of 70, with Canadian angor class I (1), II (1), or IV (9) and EF ranging from 12 to 65% (mean 34%). Thirty were the lesions to dilate; 28 were dilated successfully; in 2 an aortic dilation was also performed. One death occurred after the procedure related to collapse due to hypovolemia; another death occurred 8 months after PTCA because of pulmonary neoplasia. The other 9 patients followed-up at 1 to 8 months (mean 3.9) disclosed Canadian angor class I. The procedure's technique and the related complications are discussed. We conclude that cardiopulmonary bypass support can be used safely in patients refused to surgery and with high risk PTCA; such a procedure may expand the indication of PTCA.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Results of cardiac surgery in patients over 70 years of age. Apropos of a retrospective study of 170 patients].

The ever increasing age of the general population and the frequency of coronary and aortic lesions in patients aged 70 or older make cardiac surgery in the elderly a topic of current interest. In a retrospective study of 170 cases the overall mortality rate was 14 p. 100 (4.7 p. 100 in 1986). During the past two years (1985 and 1986), the mortality rates in patients with coronary disease who underwent elective surgery were 10 p. 100 and 4 p. 100 respectively. Emergency surgery (left coronary trunk and unstable angina excluded) and associated operations on the heart made the prognosis worse with overall mortality rates of 13 p. 100 and 15 p. 100 respectively (9 p. 100 in 1985, 10 p. 100 in 1986). In aortic valve surgery, hospital mortality rates were 28 p. 100 in 1985 and 6 p. 100 in 1986. Post-operative morbidity was high (52 p. 100 of patients) and consisted mostly of respiratory and neurological complications (14.7 p. 100 and 9.4 p. 100 respectively of all patients). Only 4 p. 100 of the patients developed peri-operative myocardial infarction. Functional results were satisfactory in both coronary disease and heart valve disease patients. The survival rate at 4 years was 74.5 +/- 10 p. 100 globally and 87.3 +/- 9 p. 100 in coronary patients operated upon electively. Thus, the considerable advances in surgical techniques and post-operative intensive care achieved during the last few years have significantly improved the results obtained in this population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Cardiac Doppler in the selection of patients for aortic valvuloplasty. Comparison with data of phonomecanograms].

Between December 1986 and August 1987, 34 patients referred for aortic valvuloplasty, undergo before catheterization an ultrasonocardiography with continuous and pulsed Doppler study and a phonocardiography for 22 of them. They all present functional and physical signs of aortic stenosis. The cardiac Doppler enables a positive diagnosis in all patients, while the phonocardiography recordings fail to recognize a tight aortic stenosis. On the other hand, the Doppler enables a diagnosis of severity well correlated with the catheterization (r = 0.88 for maximum instantaneous gradients) in 30 patients: in four patients, the correlation could not be calculated because of technical problems related to the catheterization (2 patients) or the ultrasonic examination (2 patients). From this study, it results that the cardiac Doppler may perfectly select patients who are to undergo an aortic valvuloplasty, unlike phonocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Peculiar indications and results of the use of a blood cell saver apparatus in cardiac surgery].

Results are reported of the use of autotransfusion by means of the blood cell saver in a group of patients at high risk for hemorrhage in Heart Surgery Department. Methods employed are described, and results are discussed: these were encouraging both from the clinical and biological viewpoints. The cost benefits of this procedure are emphasized and technical perspectives outlined with respect to recovery of plasma and platelets.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[False subaortic aneurysm after surgery of calcified aortic stenosis. Apropos of a case treated successfully].

The authors report a case of false aneurysm of the posterior subaortic region of the left ventricle after a technically difficult surgical decalcification in a case of aortic stenosis. At reoperation, the surgeon used the femoral artery and both vena cavae for canulation. A direct approach of this "vascular" tumour, which was exterior to the great vessels, confirmed the diagnosis and enabled the localisation of the internal orifice inside the left ventricle. This was closed simply by suturing. No previous cases of this kind were found in the literature. This report underlines the necessity of taking the greatest care when decalcifying this region in order to avoid this type of serious complication.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1982

[Serum profile of inflammatory reaction proteins in arteriopathies of the lower limbs, stage II].

The serum content of proteins involved in the inflammatory process was investigated, partly through kinetic immunodiffusion, in 85 men subdivided as follows: 45 men (aged 57 +/- 5 years) with intermittent claudication due to arteriosclerosis obliterans; 20 controls matched for sex and age; 20 sex-matched controls whose mean age was 25 +/- 3 years. Patients with obliterating arteriosclerosis had signs of both subacute and chronic inflammation. Compared to controls, they had a higher sedimentation rate, a lower percentage of serum albumine, higher percentages and absolute serum contents os alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta globulins, and higher serum concentrations of fibrin, orosomucoid, C3 complement fraction and IgA. In addition, the modifications of these proteins were closely correlated. These results are consistent with previous reports concerning patients with coronary heart disease. They point out the relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Adult↗