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Biomedical subjects

B Cole

Publications and source records attributed to B Cole.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Cyclic hormonogenesis in gray collie dogs: interactions of hematopoietic and endocrine systems.

Cortisol, ACTH, T4, and T3 concentrations were determined in six cyclic hematopoietic (CH) dogs to determine if hormonal cycles were a feature of this hematopoietic disorder. It was determined that there were 12- to 14-day cycles of these hormones in CH dogs. Plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations peaked 4-8 days after the onset of neutropenia and were concurrent with peak neutrophil counts. The peak ACTH concentration occurred 1-2 days before or concurrent with the cortisol peak concentration. T4 and T3 peak concentrations were opposite the cortisol cycles, and maximal concentrations were seen when cortisol levels were lowest. ACTH, GH-releasing factor and TRH response tests were performed in the CH dogs. No frank deficiencies in hormone production were seen with the ACTH, GH-releasing factor, and TRH responses in CH dogs relative to those in normal dogs. It was concluded that cyclic hormonogenesis is a central feature of CH disease. These findings are the first demonstration of extrahematopoietic system cyclicity in this rare disease and suggest the presence of common regulatory factors in the hematopoietic and endocrine systems.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

Guidelines for apheresis personnel--an overview.

The Guidelines for Apheresis Specialists were prepared by the Standards Committee of the Society of Hemopheresis Specialists (SHS) in response to a need to safeguard donors and patients undergoing apheresis from the viewpoint of the technical staff performing the procedures. The Guidelines address technical and administrative topics not covered by instrument manufacturer's training sessions and manuals. The Guidelines contain the following objectives: To assure that apheresis procedures are performed and supervised by qualified personnel, thereby safeguarding the donors, patients and recipients of the components harvested. To assure that apheresis procedures are carried out in a safe, efficient and appropriate manner with minimum risk and maximum benefit. To assure donor/patient safety and high quality component preparation through an effective quality control program. The Guidelines are flexible, adaptable to various physical settings, applicable to different types of instruments, and useful for both therapeutic and donor hemopheresis procedures. They avoid references to issues that may be considered to interfere with internal or external policymaking bodies. In addition, they provide a base from which policies and procedures can be formulated and amended to account for advances in technology and expertise.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1984

Antigen detection for the diagnosis of gonorrhea.

We compared the diagnostic value of an enzyme immunoassay method for detection of gonococcal antigen in genital secretions with culture results and direct Gram stain for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 1,171 men and 723 women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. When compared with culture results in men, the immunoassay provided a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 98% and was essentially equivalent to the urethral Gram stain. The predictive value of a positive immunoassay was 97% in men with a urethral discharge in whom the prevalence of gonorrhea was 36%, and 30% in men without urethral discharge, who had a 2% prevalence of gonorrhea (P less than 0.001). The sensitivity of the immunoassay was 95% in men with and 67% in men without urethral discharge (P less than 0.01). In women, the immunoassay resulted in a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 98% compared with cervical culture and had a significantly better sensitivity than the cervical Gram stain (78 versus 48%, P less than 0.001). Analysis of patients with discrepant culture and immunoassay results suggested that most culture-negative, immunoassay-positive patients probably did not have gonorrhea. After treatment, all but 1 of 59 originally culture- and immunoassay-positive patients became negative in both tests by 3 days. Results of the immunoassay were not affected by transport or by refrigeration for up to 30 days.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

The evaluation of imprecision in collaborative immunoassay quality-assessment programmes.

The calculation of within-laboratory imprecision in quality-assessment (QA) programmes normally involves combining data from different analyte concentrations to calculate an average standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variation. However, for immunoassay neither of these parameters is concentration independent. This paper describes a method of calculating within-laboratory imprecision in QA programmes by assuming a linear relationship between SD and analyte concentration. This method is used in programmes conducted by the Australian Joint Working Party for Quality Control in Immunoassay to calculate imprecision at the limits of the reference range. Results from these programmes show that this method better represents the differences in imprecision between analytes, methods and laboratories than the calculation of a single imprecision parameter. The method is trivial for a computer and its robustness has been validated by Monte Carlo simulation. It is suggested that major differences in laboratory performance between different QA programmes may be due to inappropriate calculation of single imprecision parameters.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Lexical usage of retarded children: an examination of informativeness.

Retarded children's lexical usage was examined as a function of informativeness. The children were most likely to both label and imitate when the referent objects were informative in the presentation sequence. The frequency of labeling and imitation was particularly high when the informative element was an object exemplar that had not been seen before. The results were discussed in terms of the presuppositional abilities seemingly demonstrated by the children and the implications these abilities have for intervention programs.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Re-creating your life: a spiritual/psychotherapeutic intervention for people diagnosed with cancer.

This paper describes a pilot psychotherapy program for people who have experienced cancer that integrates spiritual issues and resources. The name of the program is: Re-Creating Your Life: During and After Cancer. The literature suggests that people experiencing cancer wrestle with existential concerns related to control, identity, relationships, and meaning. For spiritually oriented people, religious and spiritual issues are likely to be embedded in these existential concerns. Moreover, spiritual resources are likely to play a role in resolving these issues. This seems even more likely given the body of research suggesting that spirituality and religion play a helpful role when people face a traumatic life event. The few studies that have examined the importance of religious variables for people experiencing cancer have found that this is also true for this population. Thus, a psychotherapeutic program for persons diagnosed with cancer might be more efficacious if it integrated spiritual issues and resources. This paper describes a treatment program oriented towards this goal and presents rationales for the interventions that are included in the therapy process. The program addresses the four existential concerns listed above, in ways that integrate spiritual issues and assist participants in drawing on spiritual resources. An outcome study is currently underway to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. Ten participants have participated, results are promising, and will be published when data collection is completed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular oncogene markers and their significance in cutaneous malignant melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Oncogenes and other molecular tumor markers that predict tumor aggressiveness may allow individualization and optimization of surgical therapy of intermediate-thickness malignant melanoma. We examined the expression of selected markers, including the HLA-DR antigen, the heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70), and the c-myc oncogene in primary melanoma and regional nodes and related these findings to metastatic potential and survival. METHODS: Forty patients with primary melanoma (1.5-4.0 mm) were studied, all of whom had prophylactic lymph node dissection and were followed for 18 months to 7 years. The primary tissue and nodes were examined using immunohistochemical techniques for the presence of HLA-DR antigen and HSP-70 protein and the expression of the c-myc oncogene. RESULTS: Of 40 patients, there were 23 with lesions 1 to 2.9 mm thick and 17 with lesions 3 to 4 mm thick. Nodal metastases were present in 25 of the 40 patients who had elective node dissection. HLA-DR antibody stained the primary tumor in 10 patients (25%), but there was no correlation with survival in this group. HLA-DR antibody stained the stroma and cellular infiltrates surrounding the primary tumor in 28 of 40 patients; in this group there was a correlation of HLA-DR staining of the peritumoral stroma with improved survival overall. HLA-DR staining of the peritumoral stroma also influenced survival when patients were stratified by tumor thickness groups 1 to 2.9 mm and 3 to 4 mm and presence of nodal metastases. HSP-70 was demonstrated in the primary tumor in 25% of patients, who were also shown to have significantly improved survival when compared with those whose primary tumor did not stain with HSP-70. C-myc was expressed in the primary tumor in 25%, but showed no correlation with survival. None of these proteins correlated with or predicted the presence of nodal metastases. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the use of specific molecular-oncogene markers in intermediate-thickness primary melanoma may identify patients at high risk for conventional treatment failure and reduced survival who may profit from more aggressive surgery, adjuvant therapy, or both.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optimal surgical treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.

BACKGROUND: The roles of breast conservation and surgical evaluation of the contralateral breast in the treatment of lobular carcinoma of the breast remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare local recurrence, 5-year survival, and incidence of contralateral breast cancer in women with lobular carcinoma to that in women with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. METHODS: Women with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) and invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC) diagnosed during the years 1984 to 1994 were identified through a statewide tumor registry. The women were divided into groups based on their histology and treatment (breast conservation or modified radical mastectomy). The incidences of contralateral breast cancer, local recurrence, and 5-year survival were compared within each histologic group and treatment category. RESULTS: During the period 1984 to 1994, 4886 women were diagnosed with invasive lobular or ductal breast carcinoma. Of these, 316 (6.5%) had infiltrating lobular cancer. The 5-year survival rates were 68% and 71% for ILC and IDC, respectively (p = 0.5). The local recurrence rates were 2.8% and 4.3% for ILC treated with lumpectomy and axillary nodal dissection (LAND) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM), respectively, which were not significantly different from that obtained with IDC (LAND = 2.5%, MRM = 2.1%). The incidence of contralateral breast cancer during the period was 6.6% and 6.5% for ILC and IDC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Invasive lobular carcinoma can be safely treated with breast conservation with no difference in local recurrence or survival. In the absence of a suspicious finding on clinical or radiologic examination, routine contralateral breast intervention is not recommended.

Breast Neoplasms↗