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Biomedical subjects

B Claude

Publications and source records attributed to B Claude.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Results from a four-year study on the prevalence of nosocomial infections in Franche-Comté: attempt to rank the risk of nosocomial infection.

The aim of this study was to rank the risk of nosocomial infection (NI) according to patient type by analysing the results of annual prevalence studies carried out in Franche-Comté from 2001 to 2004. Patients (N=14,905) were divided into four categories according to the number of endogenous risk factors (age, immunodepression, MacCabe score). The overall prevalence of infection was 6.1% and varied according to the category of patient from 1.93% (no risk factors) to 15.2% (three risk factors). The frequencies of NI related to an invasive procedure and to cross-contamination with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria were 30.9% and 12.3%, respectively; these percentages did not depend on the type of patient. The prevalence of NI decreased over time for patients with two or three risk factors, but was stable for patients with no risk factors. More than 40% of NIs were potentially avoidable (related to invasive procedures or involving cross-transmission of an MDR bacterium) regardless of the category of patient. This study suggests that at least 30% of NIs could be avoided.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of apparent formation constants of pentacyclic triterpene acids complexes with derivatized beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins by reversed phase liquid chromatography.

A reversed phase HPLC method has been investigated in order to resolve three main pentacyclic triterpene acids (oleanolic-, betulinic- and ursolic acid) found in a lot of plants. Some of them (oleanolic and ursolic acids) are position isomers and their resolution is highly improved by the addition of derivatized cyclodextrins in mobile phase. The formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes was assumed. Apparent formation constants of triterpene acids with DM-beta-CD and HP-gamma-CD were determined by HPLC method. Experimental results confirmed the complexation model and explained the modification of elution order according to the type of cyclodextrin added to the mobile phase. The influence of mobile phase organic modifier on apparent formation constants was also investigated. Results proved the competition between cyclodextrins hydrophobic cavity and organic solvent towards triterpene acids affinity.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2004

[Regional surveillance of the evolution of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): what results for what teaching?].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of MRSA within hospitals located in Franche-Comté from 1999 to 2003 and to establish the MRSA risk according to the type of hospitalization. METHODS: Surveillance of multidrug resistant bacteria was carried out according to the French national guidelines for the prevention of nosocomial infections. RESULTS: The global incidence of MRSA colonized/infected patients (screened by clinical samples) per 1000 patient-days had decreased from 0.73 in 1999 to 0.58 in 2003 (P < 0.004). However, analyzing the results according to each type of hospitalization revealed great heterogeneity. In 2003, the increase of MRSA incidence in short-term public hospitalization was indeed alarming whereas MRSA risk had regularly decreased in the other hospitalization types (rehabilitation and long-term care-facilities) since 1999. The number of potentially serious colonizations/infections caused by MRSA (bacteremia, deep infections, and pulmonary infections) accounted for 12.8% of all colonizations/infections. CONCLUSION: MRSA, in spite of improved prevention in our region, remains responsible for numerous infections.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1983

Homokaryon production by electrofusion: a convenient way to produce a large number of viable mammalian fused cells.

A convenient technique to obtain homokaryons is described that provides large amounts of fused mammalian cells. Chinese hamster ovary cells grown in monolayers on a Petri dish are submitted to square wave electric pulses. Viability of cells is observed not to be affected by this electric treatment. The yield of fusion is strongly dependent on the strength of the field (KV/cm range) and on the duration of the pulse (microsecond range). The yield is not improved by accumulation of pulses. Yields up to 80% are obtained and under our experimental conditions 200 000 cells are fused per assay.

Animals↗