Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies on the epiblast of young chick embryos.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Christ.
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120 pregnant women between the 26th and 42nd week of gestation have been examined using simple Doppler-units with pulsed- or continuous-wave technique and duplex Doppler-units (combined B-mode and pulsed-wave Doppler). The umbilical and uterine arteries were measured with both units in a semi-recumbent position at the same time by the same examiner. Only ideal flow profiles were taken to calculate the S/D-ratio. Our results were correlated to the fetal outcome, to all cases of pre-eclampsia and to all cases of intra-uterine growth retardation. Except in one of these cases we got the majority of pathological results using simple Doppler-units. Only in pre-eclampsia the duplex Doppler-units had the majority of pathological results. Even in normal fetal outcome the majority of simple Doppler-unit results are pathological. This finding is due to the impossibility to localize the vessel exactly using simple Doppler-units. Sensitivity is higher in simple Doppler-techniques (74.3% to 52.9%), specificity is higher in duplex Doppler-technique (77.9% to 52.6%).
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