Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Chevallier

Publications and source records attributed to B Chevallier.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Inflammatory cancer of the breast].

The so-called inflammatory carcinoma of the breast is a rare condition characterized, in almost every case, by metastatic diffusion in numerous organs. Clinical criteria are indispensable to establish a diagnosis which is not ruled out by a negative skin biopsy. Radiotherapy or surgery, or both, gives disappointing results with a median survival of about 18 months and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. It is unanimously agreed that adding chemotherapy to these methods improves local control and increases the 5-year survival rate. The optimal treatment remains to be determined by co-operative studies.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Specific fixation of bovine brain and retinal acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors to mouse embryonic eye basement membranes.

The labeling pattern of mouse embryonic eye frozen sections incubated with radioiodinated brain acidic and basic fibroblasts growth factors (aFGF and bFGF) was investigated by autoradiography. Both growth factors bind to basement membranes in a dose-dependent way, with a higher affinity for bFGF. Similar data were obtained with eye-derived growth factors (EDGF), the retinal forms of FGF. There was a heterogeneity in the affinity of the various basement membranes toward these growth factors. The inner limiting membrane of the retina and the posterior part of the lens capsule have a higher binding capacity than the posterior part of the Bruch's membrane. The specificity of the growth factor-basement membrane interaction was demonstrated by the following experiments: (i) an excess of unlabeled growth factor displaced the labeling; (ii) unrelated proteins with different isoelectric points--gelatin, serum albumin, histones--did not modify the labeling; and (iii) iodinated EGF or PDGF did not label basement membrane. In order to get a better understanding of the nature of this binding, we performed the incubation of the frozen sections with iodinated FGFs preincubated with various compounds: (i) heparin which is known to have a strong affinity for aFGF and bFGF partially decreases the labeling, and (ii) chondroitin sulfate B and dextran sulfate at high concentrations were also partially effective. In addition, enzymatic treatment of the sections reveals that only heparitinase, not collagenase or chondroitinase ABC, completely prevents the labeling without destroying the overall structure of the basement membrane. An antibody against the proteic part of EHS mouse proteoheparan sulfate does not affect the signal. Esterification of the acidic groups cancelled the binding. These results demonstrate that FGFs bind specifically to basement membranes, probably on the polysaccharidic part of the proteoheparan sulfate, and suggest that this type of interaction may be a general feature of the mechanism of action of these growth factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Biochemical comparative studies between eye- and brain-derived growth factors.

Two bovine brain-derived growth factors, BDGF I and BDGF II, were isolated using the same extraction procedure as previously described for eye-derived growth factors (EDGF). The hypothesis that these growth factors were identical to EDGF I and EDGF II, respectively, was supported by their similar molecular weights (16,000 and 15,000, respectively) and isoelectric points (9.0 and 5.0, respectively), their identical retention behavior on reverse-phase chromatography and their similar amino acid compositions. From studies on their binding properties to cell surfaces, competition between EDGF I and BDGF I as well as competition between EDGF II and BDGF II to the same receptor was observed. The amino terminal sequence of EDGF II (1-16) was shown to be identical to the amino acid residues (7-22) of the acidic FGF, strongly confirming our observations on the identity of the factors isolated from bovine brain and retina.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Platelet derived growth factor is present in human placenta: purification from an industrially processed fraction.

Platelet derived growth factor was purified from an industrially processed fraction of human placenta (EAP) donated by the Institut Merieux. We first demonstrated that EAP contains PDGF and the quantity of this growth factor was estimated by inhibition of its biological activity using antibodies against PDGF. According to this first estimation, 1 l of EAP (obtained from 125 kg of placenta) contains 10-1000 micrograms of PDGF. A purification procedure including fast flow chromatography (cationic S), heparin Sepharose affinity, chromatography on Cibacron Blue followed by a reverse phase on a C8 column gave a 6000-fold enrichment with a yield of 14%. This result suggests that the PDGF content in 1 l of EAP is between 10 and 30 micrograms. Mitogenic activity was measured on human fibroblast AG1523, Chinese hamster fibroblasts CCL39 and bovine epithelial cells BEC. Dose-response curves indicate that our preparation of purified PDGF from human placenta induces 50% of the maximal tritiated thymidine incorporation in CCL39 at a dose of 5 ng of PDGF/ml of culture medium.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1987

[Gastroesophageal reflux in infants. Value of orthostatism and ventral decubitus].

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may induce severe complications in infants: besides esophagitis numerous authors have established a relationship between GER and relapsing respiratory infections, between GER and apnea, cyanosis or bradycardia. This required a more precise estimation of the postural treatment than the clinical data of vomiting or the weight curve. Esophageal pH studies are considered to be the most valuable investigational technique in case of GER. It allowed us to study the importance of acid reflux in 43 patients under 1 year of age in different postures: 45 degrees upright in an infant-seat, horizontal prone and 30 degrees prone positions.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1986

[Adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer].

Adjuvant chemotherapy completes the local treatment of breast cancer and aims at reducing recurrences and improving the survival rate of high risk patients. As its present benefits mainly apply to the free interval and to some categories of subjects, further controlled study is required to assess its value.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Evidence for FGF-like growth factor in adult bovine retina: analogies with EDGF I.

Eye Derived Growth Factor (EDGF) is the genus name for growth factor activities found in several ocular tissues. Purification from bovine retina by Cibacron blue affinity chromatography has previously given a fraction which can induce target cell proliferation at doses of 30 ng per ml of culture medium. Radioimmunoassay using a labelled synthetic decapeptide [Tyr 10]--FGF (1-10) including the 9 N terminal amino acids of brain Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) indicated that EDGF contained a FGF-like material. Further purification of Cibacron blue purified EDGF with heparin sepharose chromatography yielded two active fractions after elution with a sodium chloride gradient. One fraction named EDGF I eluted between 1.3 and 1.5 M NaCl and accounted for over 50% of the input biological activity and comigrated with purified FGF on SDS PAGE at a molecular weight of 16,000 d as a single band. FGF competed with EDGF I for binding to specific receptors on bovine epithelial lens cells. We conclude that retina contains a growth factor activity (EDGF I) similar if not identical to FGF.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Evidence and characterization of the receptor to eye-derived growth factor I, the retinal form of basic fibroblast growth factor, on bovine epithelial lens cells.

Eye-derived growth factor I (EDGF-I), the retinal form of the basic fibroblast growth factor, has been purified to homogeneity from bovine retina by heparin-Sepharose chromatography. The radioiodinated EDGF-I retained full mitogenic activity and was used to study the interaction of the growth factor with bovine epithelial lens cells. We showed that 125I-labeled EDGF-I bound in a saturable and reversible manner to a specific cellular receptor. Scatchard analysis of the equilibrium binding gave a Kd of 53 X 10(-12) M with approximately equal to 20,000 binding sites per cell. Crosslinking experiments using two homobifunctional reagents induced the formation of a specific major complex with a Mr of approximately equal to 145,000, as determined by NaDodSO4/PAGE, and independent of reducing conditions. These data establish the existence of a receptor for the basic growth factor derived from neural tissues and give an estimation of the size of this receptor at Mr 130,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Rapidly growing breast cancer: results of a retrospective analysis with a study of prognostic factors].

Between January 1977 and December 1982, 66 consecutive patients have been treated for unilateral, rapidly progressing, non metastatic breast cancer. They were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 10): tumor whom volume had increased during the 2 months before diagnosis; Group B (n = 30): inflammatory signs (erythema, skin oedema, elevated local temperature) involving less than one half of the breast; Group C (n = 26): inflammatory signs involving more than one half of the breast. All patients where managed similarly: 3 to 4 courses of chemotherapy (CMF: n = 24; AVCF: n = 42), then loco regional irradiation therapy with cobalt 60, followed by maintenance chemotherapy, only if the first chemotherapy had proved effective (CMF: n = 13; AVCF: n = 27). Nine patients with residual tumor after radiotherapy underwent mastectomy with axillary dissection. The actuarial 5 years survival for the whole group is 29%, and respectively 49%, 38% and 9% for the groups A, B and C. The median disease free intervals are 43, 29 and 12 months respectively. Fifteen prognostic factors likely to influence overall survival or disease free survival were evaluated. With univariate analysis, 8 factors were found to be of individual prognostic value: extent of initial erythema, erythema present after initial chemotherapy, erythema present after radiotherapy, non menopaused status, tumor diameter greater than 10 cms, residual breast tumor (clinical or radiographic) after maintenance chemotherapy, supra clavicular adenopathy (N3). Age at the diagnosis, type of chemotherapy, or performance of a radical mastectomy did not influence the prognosis. Multivariate analysis using the Cox-model isolated 3 factors of bad prognosis: erythema involving the whole breast at initial diagnosis, erythema present at the end of initial chemotherapy, N3.

Adult↗