Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Chevallier

Publications and source records attributed to B Chevallier.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Serum hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) in breast cancer patients.

Eighty-three women with breast cancer (57 with systemic metastasis, 26 without) were investigated for serum hyaluronan (HA) and compared to 50 patients with benign diseases of the breast. Hyaluronan was significantly increased in sera of metastatic patients compared to sera of non-metastatic patients (p less than 0.0001) and also in sera of non-metastatic patients when compared to control sera (p less than 0.01). The difference was not related to the number of metastatic sites involved. Three months after starting cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic patients, lower HA concentrations were observed in patients responding to chemotherapy. The initial level of serum HA had no predictive value concerning response to chemotherapy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

Pirarubicin in advanced breast cancer: a French cooperative phase II study.

79 patients with advanced breast cancer were given Pirarubicin 20-25 mg/m2 during 3 consecutive days every 3 or 4 weeks. 78 were evaluable for response (41 without previous chemotherapy and 37 with only one previous regimen). The overall response rate was 35% (95% CI 24-45) and the complete response rate was 8%. In previously untreated patients, the response rate reached 41.5%. The limiting toxicity was a non-cumulative granulocystopenia, sometimes severe at these high doses, with a prompt recovery. The non-haematological toxicities were mild, and included 13% with grade 3 alopecia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Somatosensory evoked potential of the lower extremity in the premature neonate].

The morphology of SEP is a good index of cortical maturation. Cerebral SEP is elicited by stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve at 38 wk post-conceptional age in 37 neonates distributed in 3 groups: I = gestational age (GA) at birth less than 31 wk; II = GA 23-36 wk; III = full-term neonates (FTN). A somatosensory response was identified in only 21 cases (56.8%). The presence of SEP in 3 groups, ie I, II, III, was 45.5%, 53.8% and 69.2% respectively. The morphological characteristics studied (latencies, amplitude and rising time) in these neonates were different: the peak latencies of major positive wave (P1) and rising time were not significantly different between I and III. These parameters were statistically different between II and III. SEP development is linked to some morphological factors-height, and growth-but also to the maturation of the central nervous system (myelinisation and central pathway organization). These results indicate that until 38-39 wk post-conceptional age, the maturation of the central somatosensory pathway is variable at different birth periods; this suggest the possible role of extra-uterine factors of in the acceleration of neurological development.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

A prognostic score in histological node negative breast cancer.

Between October 1977 and December 1983, 379 consecutive patients have been treated for unilateral, non-metastatic breast cancer, either with conservative (n = 205) or radical surgery (n = 174), with axillary dissection in all the cases. None of them had histologically proved lymph node involvement. Oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels were measured on each tumour. Levels greater than 5 fmol mg-1 cytosolic protein were considered as positive for both ER and PR. At 5 years, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) are respectively 88% and 78%. Unifactorial analysis using Kaplan and Meier estimates and the log rank test revealed that OS was significantly related to age (P less than 0.05), tumour size (P less than 0.001), histological grading (SBR) (P less than 0.01), ER (P less than 0.001) and PR (P less than 0.001). DFS was significantly related to the same factors. Menopausal status, number of breast tumour foci and previous familial history of breast cancer were not significant. Multifactorial analysis revealed that DFS was significantly related to age (bad prognosis (b.p.) less than or equal to 37 years old), tumour size and histological grading (b.p. SBR = 3), and that OS was significantly related to tumour size and PR (b.p. PR less than or equal to 5 fmol mg-1 protein). A prognostic score has been constructed for both DFS and OS. These scores divide our patients into three significantly different (P less than 0.0001) groups with good, intermediate and bad prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Phase II study of oral idarubicin in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer.

Thirty-one elderly patients with measurable advanced breast cancer entered this phase II study. A dose of 15 mg/m2/day of Idarubicin (IDA) for 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks was given orally. Mean total cumulative dose of IDA received was 175 mg/m2 (range: 45-475 mg/m2). Mean number of cycles given was four (range: 1-15). Out of 27 evaluable patients, three achieved a complete response (CR), four had a partial response (PR) (CR + PR = 26 +/- 17%), nine showed no change, and 11 had a progressive disease. Median time to progression was 83 days (range: 19-728 days). Out of 26 patients evaluable for toxicity, hematologic toxicity at day 21 was moderate: neutropenia grades 3 and 4 = 16% of cycles: two patients had grade 1 thrombopenia; and three patients, grade 3. No cumulative hematologic toxicity was detected. Nonhematologic toxicities consisted of nausea and vomiting in 72% of patients [World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3 and 4 = 8%)] and alopecia in 76% (WHO grades 2-3 = 38%). Grade 1 stomatitis occurred in 4% of cycles. Chemotherapy was discontinued in one patient because of drop of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 0.62 to 0.44 at a cumulative IDA dosage of 322 mg/m2. The results of this study show that IDA is an active drug in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer. Due to its simplicity of administration IDA deserves further investigations in combination with other drugs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Association of bolus tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin and 120 hours continuous 5-fluorouracil infusion in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

4'-O-Tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin (THP adriamycin) is a new anthracycline active as a single drug in advanced breast cancer. We have undertaken a phase II study as first-line treatment for metastatic disease with THP adriamycin day 1 = 40 mg/m2 i.v. bolus and 5-fluorouracil day 1 to day 5 = 750 mg/m2 as a continuous i.v. infusion. The dose of THP adriamycin was further escalated up to the maximal tolerated dose defined as grade 3 granulopenia for each patient. Thirty-nine patients were included, 37 being so far evaluable for toxicity and for efficacy. The mean number of cycles given was 5 (range: 2-12). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 54% (95% CI: 37.9-70.1) and the CR rate 8%. Sites of response were as follows: lung 6/9, liver 11/18, breast 4/8, nodes 7/14, skin 3/8, bone 2/8. Neutropenia with grade 3 + 4 nadir values was observed in 70.2% of the patients according to the objective of the study. No severe thrombopenia or anemia occurred. Stomatitis grade 3 was seen in 27% and grade 4 in 3% of the patients. Alopecia grade 2 was seen in 18% and grade 3 in 9%. No other toxicity was observed. We conclude that this association is effective in metastatic breast cancer, giving few alopecia. A high response rate in liver metastases warrants further evaluation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

A randomized double-blind comparison of ondansetron and metoclopramide in the prophylaxis of emesis induced by cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and doxorubicin or epirubicin chemotherapy.

Seventy-five breast cancer patients scheduled to receive a first course (in a new cycle) of cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and doxorubicin (FAC) or epirubicin (FEC) participated in a double-blind crossover study to compare the antiemetic efficacy and safety of ondansetron (GR38032), a 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, and metoclopramide. Ondansetron was given as an 8 mg loading dose (4 mg intravenously [IV] plus 4 mg orally) before chemotherapy followed by 8 mg every 8 hours orally for 3 to 5 days. Metoclopramide was given as an 80 mg loading dose (60 mg IV plus 20 mg orally) before chemotherapy followed by 20 mg every 8 hours orally for 3 to 5 days. A "period" interaction in the analysis of emetic response in the first 24 hours necessitated a parallel group analysis of first treatments only, 68 patients being assessable for this parameter. In the first 24 hours, complete or major control (zero to two emetic episodes) of emesis was achieved in 30 of 35 (86%) patients receiving ondansetron and in 14 of 33 (42%) patients receiving metoclopramide (P less than .001). Ondansetron was also more effective in reducing acute nausea. On days 2 to 3, the complete or major responses were significantly better with ondansetron (81% v 65%; P = .033), but there was no statistical difference in the control of nausea. There was a significant patient preference for ondansetron (63% v 26%; P = .001). Extrapyramidal reactions were observed in two metoclopramide treatments; both treatments were otherwise well tolerated. These results are consistent with serotonin (5-HT), being a significant neurotransmitter of cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin- or epirubicin/fluorouracil-induced emesis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy and safety of granisetron compared with high-dose metoclopramide plus dexamethasone in patients receiving high-dose cisplatin in a single-blind study. The Granisetron Study Group.

The efficacy and safety of granisetron, a novel anti-emetic, were compared with those of high-dose metoclopramide plus dexamethasone in 234 patients undergoing treatment with high-dose cisplatin (greater than or equal to 49 mg/m2). In this single-blind study, granisetron (40 micrograms/kg; n = 114) was administered as a 5 min infusion, with two additional 40 micrograms/kg doses allowed to control any subsequent nausea and vomiting. In 120 patients, dexamethasone 12 mg was administered intravenously over 30 min, followed by a loading dose of 3 mg/kg metoclopramide. Metoclopramide maintenance dose of 4 mg/kg was then administered over 8 h. The single 5 min infusion of granisetron was at least as effective an anti-emetic as the standard regimen. Approximately 70% of patients in each treatment group were free from vomiting and had no, or only mild nausea in the first 24 h. Granisetron administration was more convenient than the combination dosing schedule for the comparator which was up to 9 h. Only one adverse event, headache, occurred in more than five patients in the granisetron group. However, 13 extrapyramidal reactions (five of them serious) were reported in the metoclopramide plus dexamethasone group.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1990

Phase II study of epirubicin in advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Thirty-seven patients (pts) with previously untreated and measurable advanced soft tissue sarcoma entered this phase II study: 22 men and 15 women were included. Median age was 58 (range: 20-71). The starting dose of epirubicin was 100 mg/m2 IV bolus every 3 wks. In the case of minimal myelosuppression, the dose was increased by 10 mg/m2 to 130 mg/m2 (Mean dose per cycle: 105 mg/m2). Median cumulative dose of epirubicin administered was 445 mg/m2 (range: 200-1320 mg/m2). From 32 evaluable pts, one had a complete response (CR), 5 a partial response (PR), (CR + PR = 18.7% +/- 13.8%), 12 showed no change (37.5%) and 14 had progressive disease. The number of complete or partial responses observed was not modified by increasing the doses of epirubicin. Median time to progression was 4 months. From 32 pts evaluable for toxicity, hematologic toxicity at d 21 was mild. Non hematological toxicities consisted of nausea and vomiting in 74% of pts (WHO grade 3 = 5%), stomatitis in 12.2% (WHO grade 3 = 3%) and alopecia in 91% (WHO grade 2-3 = 72%). No cardiac dysfunction was recorded during the treatment, even though 7 patients received more than 800 mg/m2 of epirubicin (median: 850 mg/m2, range: 810-1320 mg/m2). The results of this study show that epirubicin is an active drug in advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in children. Preventive measures].

Two immunocompromised children, aged 3 years and 1 1/2 month, developed an hospital-acquired Legionnaire's disease. In one case, Legionella pneumophila serotype 1 was identified by culture in pleural fluid; LP1 was isolated in all the warm water samples in the hospital. Clinical, epidemiological data and laboratory findings are discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacologic efficacy of sodium alginate suspension on gastro-esophageal reflux in infants and children].

Eighty-three children presenting with symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) (48 males, 35 females, aged 15 days to 57 months (mean = 7 months) were assessed by pH monitoring. All showed acid pathological GER on the 3 hours post-prandial esophageal pH measurement (% of time at pH less than 4 greater than 4.2) and all had a second pH measurement within the following 3 hours after intake of a single (5 ml) dose of sodium alginate (AGS). AGS administration was followed by a highly significant reduction (p less than 0.00001) of all pH measurement variables: a) Percentage of time spent at pH less than 4 returned to normal with a mean 11.7% to 4.8%; that is a 52.5% improvement (median); b) Total number of reflux reduced on average from 8.9 to 5.0: that is a 35% improvement (median); c) Mean duration of reflux reduced on average for 4 to 2 min; that is a 60% improvement (median). In 76 patients hourly monitoring of % of time spent at pH less than 4 shows that hourly improvement persists.

Alginates↗
PubMed1990

[Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa and laryngeal involvement].

Two cases of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) with laryngeal involvement are reported in 2 Algerian girls, aged 6 and 7 years. The first one with a junctional EB, received local treatment with good results. For the second, with an EB dystrophica, tracheostomy was necessary and remained so. Laryngeal involvement is rare in EB. It and remained so can be serious and life-threatening. Eight cases where previously reported. Their clinical and therapeutical particularities are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Renal tubular acidosis and perception deafness. Apropos of a familial form].

We report a case of primary distal tubular acidosis with sensorineural deafness in two children from the same family. Failure to thrive at age one month was the first manifestation. Administration of bicarbonates allowed rapid resumption of normal growth. Inheritance is recessive and autosomal, contrary to isolated distal tubular acidosis. Early detection of deafness, a common feature that can easily be treated by hearing aids, should avoid delays in development of speech.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1989

Phase II trial of idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunorubicin) in advanced breast cancer. The Clinical Screening Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.

A phase II trial of idarubicin (IDR-4 demethoxydaunorubicin) was carried out in patients with advanced breast cancer. A dose of 45 mg/m2 was given orally once every 3 weeks. A total of 66 eligible patients were entered into the trial, 56 of whom were evaluable for response (65 were evaluable for toxicity at least). Therapeutic activity was demonstrated with an overall objective response rate of 21% (95% CI: 11-32%). When used as a first-line treatment, the response rate was 33% (95% CI: 9-57%) but this dropped to 17% when the treatment was administered after chemotherapy. Nausea-vomiting was the most frequent and severe non-hematological toxicity observed (WHO grade 3-4: 29%). Loss of hair was noticed in 48% of the patients but only 4% suffered from complete alopecia. Moderate myelotoxicity was reported but no cardiac dysfunction was noticed. IDR could be very advantageous as compared to other anthracyclines, due to its simplicity of administration associated with the lack of risk of extravasation or chemical phlebitis and also the possibility of it being able to reduce cardiotoxicity. Even if the equiefficacy of IDR and DXR has not, as yet, been clearly demonstrated, IDR should be chosen with preference to DXR when administration is not suitable.

Adult↗