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Biomedical subjects

B Chamontin

Publications and source records attributed to B Chamontin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in atheromatous stenosis of the renal artery. Late results].

The purpose of the study was to analyse the effects on stenosis and blood pressure of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty in renovascular hypertension due to atheroma. Angioplasty was successfully performed in ten hypertensive patients (seven men and three women) with unilateral (seven patients) or bilateral (three patients) renal artery stenoses: dilation without complication, anatomic technical success in each case, and reduction in mean pick systolic-pressure across the stenosis. Recurrent stenoses were demonstrated in three men during the first year. After three years (mean follow-up), six patients were improved (normotensive under treatment), but all patients received an antihypertensive drug. Four failures were observed, due to recurrent stenosis in three cases. In patients with unilateral, non ostial and non completely occluded stenosis, improvement due to successful angioplasty was generally observed, incidence of recurrent stenosis was about 20 per cent. In contrast, neither cure nor improvement can be expected in patients with advanced bilateral atheromatous renal artery stenoses. A randomised trail appears necessary to demonstrate the potential improvement of renal function after angioplasty. Our results suggest that percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty is effective for long-term control of renovascular hypertension (75 per cent) in patients with unilateral, non ostial, atheromatous artery stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Parkinson's disease and hypertension: chronic bromocriptine treatment.

We studied the effects of bromocriptine therapy (mean dosage, 56.0 mg daily) for 12 months in five patients with both Parkinson's disease and hypertension. Therapy improved neurologic manifestations and reduced both supine and standing systolic blood pressures and standing diastolic blood pressure with no consistent change in heart rate. Transient episodes of orthostatic hypotension appeared in two cases. Domperidone (60 mg daily for 1 month) did not abolish the antihypertensive effect of bromocriptine, suggesting that central dopaminergic or alpha-adrenolytic mechanisms are involved in this effect. Bromocriptine may be useful in the treatment of hypertension in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Corynebacterium (JK group) endocarditis. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of Corynebacterium (group JK) endocarditis. The main characteristics of the causative pathogen are specified: diagnostic bacteriological criteria, pathogenic capability after cardiac surgery, therapeutic problems related to resistance to antibiotics.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1984

[How do we explain the antihypertensive effect of bromocriptine? Clinical and experimental contribution].

The mechanism of the antihypertensive properties of bromocriptine was investigated in dog and man. In anaesthetized dogs, bromocriptine induced a decrease in the pressor responses to adrenaline or phenylephrine and reduced the hypotensive properties of clonidine. In 6 hypertensive patients with Parkinson's disease, chronic treatment with bromocriptine (46.4 +/- 12.0 mg/day) elicited both a significant decrease in blood pressure and an improvement of extrapyramidal symptoms. During bromocriptine therapy, domperidone (60 mg/day during 1 month), a specific peripheral dopaminergic antagonist was introduced. The drug did not change the levels of blood pressure (before domperidone: 150.8 +/- 22.5/79.9 +/- 8.9 mmHg after domperidone: 150 +/- 17.3/87.5 +/- 12.9 mmHg). These results confirm the antihypertensive properties of bromocriptine and demonstrate that, beside their dopaminergic properties, the drug also possesses mixed alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenolytic actions. These two properties may contribute to the mechanism of the antihypertensive effects of bromocriptine. These data also show that domperidone can be used in bromocriptine-treated hypertensive parkinsonians without side effects on blood pressure.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of deep venous thrombosis in the presence of a congenital antithrombin III deficiency. Apropos of the use of purified concentrates].

The authors report the case of an active 32 year old man who developed right leg DVT. Before heparinisation, he was discovered to have a low antithrombin III level (biological activity (B) 60%, immunological level (I) 50) and a further inquiry showed the same abnormality in 4 members of the family, leading to a diagnosis of a congenital deficit: a 35 year old sister with a bilateral post-DVT changes had antithrombin III levels of 70% (B) and 45% (I); two nephews, sons of the affected sister: the one aged 5 years was asymptomatic despite antithrombin III levels of 50% (I) and 70% (B); the other had experience DVT at the age of 2 and, on oral anti-vitamin K drugs, had antithrombin III levels of 55% (I) and 67% (B) at the age of 15 years; the patient's brother died at the age of 29 of cerebral vein thrombosis after pulmonary embolism. The recurrence of local signs of DVT after 12 day's heparin therapy with AT III levels (B) of 40%, led to a change in management with infusion of purified AT III concentrate at a dose of 40 U per kg (2 500 U per hour). This induced a rise in AT III activity to over 100% and enabled early introduction of anti-vitamin K therapy. The patient remains asymptomatic after 6 months follow-up. This case illustrates the value of determining AT III activity in all patients who developed DVT without obvious reason.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Role of the TRF test in the study of atrial dysrhythmia].

The aim of this retrospective study of 43 patients (32 females) aged 26 to 84 years old (mean 62 +/- 14,5) was to assess the value of the TRF test in cases with normal static endocrine levels and isolated arrhythmias: 25 atrial fibrillations, 3 atrial flutters, 10 sinus tachycardias, 2 junctional tachycardias, 2 focal atrial tachycardias and 1 atrial extrasystoles. There was underlying cardiac disease in 24 patients. Thyroid function was assessed by T4, T3 and the TRF test. There was no relationship between cardiac disease and arrhythmias with the levels of TSH 25 minutes after TRF. The reactivity to TRF was low: 5,8 +/- 5,6 microU/ml. Nineteen patients were hyperthyroid (TSH at O and 25 min: 1,7 +/- 0,5 and 2 +/- 1 microU/ml respectively), in the following three eventualities: - Clinical hyperthyroidism and raised hormonal levels, the TRF confirmed the diagnosis in 10 out of 11 cases; - Clinical hyperthyroidism and normal hormone levels: the TRF confirmed the diagnosis in 8 out of 14 cases; - Normal clinical examination and normal hormone levels: the TRF test showed a hyperthyroid reaction in 1 out of 18 cases. T3 and T4 measurements are often misleading. The TRF test with 2 blood samples would appear to be essential, especially in patients over 60 years of age. The hyperthyroid population was older (68,5 +/- 8 years) and the mean values of the thyroid investigations (T3, T4 and STH at 25 minutes) were significant. Underlying cardiac disease was detected in over half these cases. Atrial fibrillation was the commonest arrhythmia. Each case of arrhythmia, whether or not related to hyperthyroidism, justifies echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[A study of antithrombin systems during heparin therapy].

Plasma levels of three thrombin inhibitors (antithrombin III--AT-III-, alpha 2 macroglobulin - alpha 2M -; alpha 1 antitrypsin - alpha 1 AT-) were measured, together with total plasma antithrombin activity (Howie's method), in 19 hospital patients with venous thromboembolic disease before and during heparin therapy. A decrease in AT III levels was observed during treatment and found to correlate significantly with heparin plasma levels, but there were no significant changes in alpha 2M and alpha 1 AT levels. Variations in total plasma antithrombin activity were not significant. In 9 patients whose AT III levels were under 60% a significant increase in alpha 2M level was noted. The therapeutic problems associated with this category of patients are discussed.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention in cardiovascular pathology].

National and international recommendations on the management of arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia suggest a treatment decision based on the evaluation of absolute cardiovascular risk. In order to evaluate the cardiovascular risk level, Anderson's equation (Framingham) has been proposed but does not apply to the French population. In medical practice, cardiovascular risk has to be appreciated according to the estimated cardiovascular risk of the country or area. The limits of a decision based on cardiovascular risk have been emphasized, particularly the balance age/life expectancy in respect of early prevention of atherosclerosis. However, the benefit of treatment of hypertension with beta-blockers, diuretics and recently ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists or hypercholesterolemia with statins has been clearly stated--the higher the cardiovascular risk the higher the benefit. Secondary prevention in patients with major cardiovascular events is effective and necessary. The discussion concerns only primary prevention and from an economic point of view may concern patients at high cardiovascular risk. The general population have to be informed on cardiovascular risk factors, and patient education must be encouraged and developed via the healthcare network.

Antihypertensive Agents↗