Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Carroll

Publications and source records attributed to B Carroll.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Surface photometry of celestial sources from a space vehicle: introduction and observational procedures.

Diffuse celestial sources of relatively low surface brightness such as the Milky Way, zodiacal light, and gegenschein (or contre lumière) can be studied most reliably from above the earth's atmosphere with equipment flown in artificial satellites. We review the techniques used and some of the difficulties encountered in day-time observations from satellites by the use of a special photometer and polarimeter flown in the orbiting skylab observatory, OSO-6.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1971

Fingers to toes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biliary lithotripsy as an adjunct to laparoscopic common bile duct stone extraction.

We investigated various energy sources and delivery systems suitable for fragmentation of common duct calculi by a laparoscopic technique. We evaluated electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) using 1.9-Fr probe delivering 80 W and laser lithotripsy using a 200-micron(s) fiber delivering 30-70 mJ/pulse at 5-20 Hz. In vitro biliary stone fragmentation analysis suggested that the laser lithotripsy produced a more controllable fragmentation than EHL. Initial attempts to employ EHL techniques in animal models resulted in common bile duct injury or inadequate fragmentation of stones. In contrast, biliary lithotripsy was accomplished in pigs using the pulsed-dye laser at 10 Hz and 60 mJ/pulse. Histologic evaluation revealed no evidence of ductal injury related to laser stone fragmentation. Subsequently, laser common duct lithotripsy was used in two human subjects. One patient had a 1.8-cm impacted ampullary stone and one patient had a 3-cm intrahepatic stone. In both cases, the stones were removed laparoscopically after laser fragmentation. Our experience suggests that the laser lithotripsy may facilitate laparoscopic common duct stone extraction procedures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of cervical dyskaryosis in Ireland: report of a five-year audit.

The implementation of a national cervical screening programme in Ireland will require agreement on achievable standards in reporting cervical cytology similar to those published by the NHS cervical screening programme. Due to the opportunistic nature of screening in the Republic of Ireland, national incidence figures for uterine cervical disease are not available. An audit of our practice was performed to find the incidence of human papilloma virus related cervical disease in our population. Our laboratory reported 158,066 cases from 1996-2000. The overall rate of dyskaryosis increased from 3.6% to 7.9%, mostly due to increased low grade dyskaryosis (up from 2.3% to 6.0%). High grade dyskaryosis also increased (from 1.3% to 1.9%), particularly in the under-25 year age group who account for a growing proportion of high grade dyskaryosis (from 15.4% of all high grade diagnoses in 1996 to 23.0% in 2000). The positive predictive value of a diagnosis of high grade dyskaryosis remained stable between 76.0 and 79.5%. While opportunistic screening data may not be directly applicable to the entire screening population it is hoped that these data may form a foundation on which to estimate national incidence figures and define achievable standards for cervical screening cytology in Ireland.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytology of polychrome-stained equine synovial fluid smears. Comparison with clinical findings, histologic specimens, Wright-Giemsa-stained smears and outcome.

Polychrome-stained equine synovial fluid specimens from 34 normal joints and 129 joints with clinical abnormalities were examined cytologically. The smears from joints with abnormalities were categorized as within normal limits (4.7%), slight abnormality (27.9%), proliferative synovitis (21.7%), neutrophilic pattern (20.2%), elongated cell pattern (10.1%), other moderate to marked abnormality (11.6%) and unsatisfactory (3.9%). Cytologic abnormalities that were not restricted to a single category included spindle cells, crystals, stellate cells and cartilage fragments. Multinucleate cells and mononucleate cells with dense cytoplasm and a delicate periphery were seen in smears from cases with clinical diagnoses of osteochondrosis or fracture; interpretation of these cells as osteoclasts and their mononucleate precursors was supported by positive staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Smears within the same cytologic category were not found to correspond with a single clinical diagnosis. The identification of several cytologic patterns in cases with the same clinical diagnosis suggests that multiple stages of disease were sampled. Except in cases with the cytologic neutrophilic pattern, there was not a consistent relationship between the histologic features in synovial biopsy specimens and the cytologic findings; the morphologic variation within synovial membrane sections and between sections from different locations was sometimes marked. When compared with air-dried, Wright-Giemsa-stained smears, the polychrome-stained smears were more sensitive in the detection of cytologic abnormalities and were less often falsely negative or unsatisfactory. Following surgery, cases with clinical diagnoses of osteochondrosis (29 cases) and fracture (25 cases) were analyzed according to clinical outcome and cytologic category. While 80% of the horses with proliferative synovitis in cytologic specimens were sound, only 67% of those with the elongated cell pattern, 50% of those with slight abnormality and 33% of those with other moderate to marked abnormality were sound. A statistically significant relationship (P less than .02) was found in cases with a diagnosis of osteochondrosis: animals with a proliferative synovitis pattern were almost three times as likely to be sound as compared to those with slight abnormality. These findings indicate that polychrome-stained equine synovial fluid smears (1) provide information that is different from that found in corresponding histologic sections and (2) are superior to air-dried, Wright-Giemsa-stained smears for cytologic examination. The polychrome-stained equine synovial fluid smears were found to provide information supportive of clinical, radiographic and prognostic data.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental brain abscess: enhanced sonography and pathologic correlation.

A new sonographic contrast agent, gelatin-encapsulated nitrogen microbubbles, was introduced intraarterially to enhance the high-resolution sonographic scan of an experimental brain abscess. The echogenicity produced by the microbubbles correlated closely to the site and distribution of abscess neovascularity. The contrast agent aided in the detection of small necrotic centers in the late stages of abscess evolution when these centers were not visualized on noncontrast sonograms. The echogenic effect of the microbubbles was maximum immediately after injection; it decreased by 5 min and had virtually disappeared at 15 min.

Animals↗