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Biomedical subjects

B Campbell

Publications and source records attributed to B Campbell.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Relationship between death anxiety and suicide potential in an adolescent population.

The relationship between death anxiety and suicide potential was examined in a sample of 62 male and female adolescents whose ages ranged from 16 to 20 yr. A Pearson product-moment correlation between scores on Templer's Death Anxiety Scale and Cull and Gill's Suicide Probability Scale was significant for death anxiety and suicide potential, with higher death anxiety associated with greater suicidal risk. The implications of this association with respect to adolescent suicidal behaviors is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pharmacokinetic studies in animals of a new parenteral penem CP-65,207 and its oral prodrug ester.

The pharmacokinetics of penem CP-65,207 diastereomeric mixture were studied following parenteral administration in mice, rats, beagle dogs and cynomolgus monkeys. As is characteristic for most penems, the serum elimination T1/2 of CP-65,207 in rodents was only 13 minutes for mice and 18 minutes for rats. A linear relationship was observed between dose and Cmax following subcutaneous injection of drug in mice. The T1/2 in the beagle dog and monkey following intravenous injection was approximately 23 minutes. CP-65,207 demonstrated binding to human serum proteins of only 10%. In vitro studies using purified porcine renal dehydropeptidase-I (RDHP) indicated that the pure S-isomer of CP-65,207 was 7-fold more stable to inactivation than imipenem. Urinary recovery of CP-65,207 in the dog was 42% compared to 1% for imipenem without RDHP inhibitor. Unlike results obtained with imipenem, coadministration of probenecid with CP-65,207 in the dog doubled the elimination T1/2 and AUC of the penem demonstrating its relative stability in vivo in the absence of a RDHP inhibitor. The pivaloyloxymethyl esters of each pure isomer of CP-65,207 showed significantly different degrees of oral absorption in rats.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

The long term care record.

Since residents of long term care facilities may stay for an extended duration, the maintenance of the long term care medical record may provide a unique challenge for the medical record practitioner. Such challenges may include the analysis and storage of voluminous medical records, thinning active records, and working with other facilities to ensure that the proper information is received and sent in order to provide effective continuity of care. Other areas where the long term care medical record practitioner may assist the facility include quality assurance and the teaching or orientation of all disciplines.

Documentation↗
PubMed1989

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the maxillary sinus: technical considerations for radiation therapy.

Treatment principles for extrapulmonary small cell undifferentiated carcinoma follow those established for primary lung presentations including systemic chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. Radiation of carcinoma involving the maxillary sinus includes lateral and anterior portals which exit through the brain. Presented is a treatment strategy used for postoperative radiation of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the maxillary sinus in conjunction with prophylactic cranial irradiation. Specifics of dosimetry include achievement of 55 to 60 Gy within the tumor volume of the maxillary sinus, while achieving homogeneity of dose (30 Gy) within the cranial contents. Application of the described technique to analogous clinical presentations is also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Infection control in Canada.

The information presented here reflects the activities of those organizations and agencies with the most impact on infection control in Canada. There are, however, numerous other organizations both on a national and provincial level that also play important roles in infection control. Although great strides have been made in infection control in Canada, we still have much to do to raise the profile of this important activity.

Canada↗
PubMed1988

Pregnancy-induced changes in prolactinomas as assessed with computed tomography.

Seven women with prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenomas and three with persistent hyperprolactinemia after surgical adenomectomies were evaluated with computed tomography to assess the effect of pregnancy on the volume of pituitary prolactinomas and hyperfunctioning pituitary tissue. In one patient a microadenoma enlarged to become a macroadenoma. Tumor enlargement occurred in the remaining six patients with microadenomas. None of the patients with previously resected adenomas exhibited hypertrophy of residual pituitary tissue or tumor recurrence after pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Kinetic, structural, and spectroscopic identification of geminate states of myoglobin: a ligand binding site on the reaction pathway.

Elementary steps or geminate states in the reaction of gaseous ligands with transport proteins delineate the trajectory of the ligand and its rebinding to the heme. By use of kinetic studies of the 765-nm optical "conformation" band, three geminate states were identified for temperatures less than approximately 100 K. MbCO, which is accumulated by photolysis between 1.2 and approximately 10 K, was characterized by our previous optical and X-ray absorption studies [Chance, B., Fischetti, R., & Powers, L. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 3820-3829]. Between 10 and approximately 100 K, geminate states that are also identified that have recombination rates of approximately 10(3) s-1 and approximately 10(-5) s-1 (40 K). Thus, it is possible to maintain a steady-state nearly homogeneous population of the slowest recombining geminate state, Mb, by regulated continuous illumination (optical pumping). Both X-ray absorption and resonance Raman studies under similar conditions of optical pumping show that the heme structure around the iron in Mb is similar to that of MbCO. In both geminate states, the iron-proximal histidine distance remains unchanged (+/- 0.02 A) from that of MbCO while the iron to pyrrole nitrogen average distance has not fully relaxed to that of the deoxy state. In MbCO the CO remains close to iron but not bound, and the Fe...CO angle, which is bent in MbCO (127 +/- 4 degrees C), is decreased by approximately 15 degrees [Powers, L., Sessler, J. L., Woolery, G. L., & Chance, B. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 5519-5523]. The CO molecule in Mb, however, has moved approximately 0.7 A further from iron. Computer graphics modeling of the crystal structure of MbCO places the CO in a crevice in the heme pocket that is just large enough for the CO molecule end-on. Above approximately 100 K resonance Raman studies show that this structure relaxes to the deoxy state.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1987

Elimination of rumination by controlled eating and differential reinforcement.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of a controlled eating technique and a procedure which combined controlled eating with differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) for the reduction of rumination in an obese, 23-year-old, severely retarded and autistic male. The controlled eating technique resulted in a 75 per cent reduction in the rate of rumination while controlled eating with DRO resulted in an overall 95 per cent reduction. A six month follow-up showed that the participant's ruminative behavior had declined to zero.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Dependence on pH of formation and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin S fibers in the presence and absence of phosphates and polyphosphates.

This paper presents data on the effect of phosphates and polyphosphates on the formation of hemoglobin S fiber, and on the Bohr effect of hemoglobin S samples whose concentration was high enough (near 5 mM) in order to form fibers upon deoxygenation. The experiments were performed in 0.2 M Bistris or Tris buffers at 30 degrees C in the presence and absence of inositol hexakisphosphate and of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Alternatively, 0.2 M phosphate buffers were used without addition of effectors. Under these conditions, few fibers were formed in Tris or Bistris buffers, while extensive fiber formation occurred in the presence of phosphates and polyphosphates. In all cases, increasing pH strongly inhibited fiber formation. At pH 7.5 and above, fibers were not formed in our samples. In the presence of phosphates and polyphosphates fiber formation reduced the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin S with respect to either hemoglobin A or soluble hemoglobin S under similar experimental conditions. The fiber-polyphosphate complexes showed a larger Bohr effect than that in hemoglobin A. In the presence of inositol hexakisphosphate fiber-forming solutions of hemoglobin S liberated as much as six protons per tetramer upon oxygen binding. The increased liberation of protons was probably due to a higher affinity of the effectors for the fibers of hemoglobin S. Very likely the higher affinity was supported by a conformational change of hemoglobin S specific for the fibers.

Buffers↗
PubMed1987

Gambierdiscus toxicus in gut content of the surgeonfish Ctenochaetus strigosus (herbivore) and its relationship to toxicity.

Flesh of surgeonfish, Ctenochaetus strigosus, obtained from corresponding catches of C. strigosus implicated in ciguatera poisoning outbreaks was examined for ciguatoxin and related polyethers by the stick test enzyme immunoassay. Simultaneously, gut contents of the fish were examined under phase microscopy for the presence of Gambierdiscus toxicus. Eighty-seven per cent of the fish were stick EIA positive, while 98% were positive for G. toxicus in gut contents. The data obtained suggest a relationship between G. toxicus in gut content and tissue toxicity levels. This is in agreement with previous studies which demonstrated a relationship between G. toxicus in fish gut content and toxicity of the flesh to animals and humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Gelling properties of apohemoglobin S alone and in mixtures with hemoglobin S.

Apohemoglobin S formed a gel in the cold (5 degrees C) with a protein concentration in the supernatants after centrifugation of the gels (Csat) near 27 g/dl, in 0.02 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.2. Under the same experimental conditions in mixtures of apohemoglobin S and deoxyhemoglobin S the solubility of hemoglobin S in the cold was decreased from Csat greater than 40 g/dl in the absence to about 18 g/dl in the presence of apohemoglobin S. Conversely, in the same mixture, Csat of apohemoglobin S was decreased to about 5 g/dl. Also, gelling occurred in mixtures of oxyhemoglobin S and its apoderivative. Apohemoglobin A alone did not form gels; however, it induced fiber formation in deoxyhemoglobin S in the cold; unlike apohemoglobin S, it was not included in the precipitate. Gels of apohemoglobin S were not birefringent, and inspection at the electron microscope failed to show the presence of organized structures. Excluded volume effects were probably at the origin of the decreased solubility of hemoglobin S and apohemoglobin S in the presence of each other.

Apoproteins↗