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Biomedical subjects

B C Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to B C Sharma.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Electrocardiographic manifestations following household electric current injury.

Electrocardiographic monitoring of a 24 year old male, who sustained household electric current injury, showed low voltage ECG complexes, varying degrees of atrioventricular (AV) blocks, and ventricular fibrillation. The low voltage ECG complexes and varying AV blocks disappeared spontaneously and ventricular fibrillation reverted to normal after cardioversion.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1985

Volvulus of the stomach. A case report.

A case of gastric volvulus with atypical clinical features is reported. The predisposing aetiological factors and the mechanism of genesis of this very rare condition are discussed. The diagnosis was established by barium meal examination after an unsuccessful gastroscopy. The patient was successfully treated by emergency surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy.

The safety, efficacy and utility of various therapeutic gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures performed on children (January 1992 to July 1995) at a tertiary referral centre in India were studied. A total of 1,030 sessions (upper GI 972 and lower GI 58) of therapeutic GI endoscopy were performed in 162 children (mean age 7.4 +/- 4 years; upper GI 115, lower GI 47). Various upper GI endoscopic procedures done were injection sclerotherapy (EIS), endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), bougie dilatation of oesophageal strictures, balloon dilatations of oesophageal stricture/pyloric obstruction and retrieval of foreign bodies in 75%, 6%, 9%, 4% and 12% of children respectively. Therapy for bleeding from oesophageal varices constituted the major group (75%). Repeated EIS (sessions total--876, mean 8, range 5-15) performed on 86 children resulted in control of bleeding in all and eradication of oesophageal varices in 85% of cases. Minor complications (oesophageal ulcers and oesophageal strictures) due to EIS were observed in 9% of children. EVL (10 sessions in 7 children) was effective in controlling bleeding and substantial decrease of varices in all without any complication. Oesophageal dilation either by bougie (61 sessions in 10 children) or balloon (6 sessions in 3 children) were performed for benign strictures. Balloon dilatation of pyloric obstruction was successfully done in 2 children. Foreign bodies (retained or sharp) were retrieved from upper GI tract in 14 children. No complications were observed with stricture dilatation/foreign body retrieval. Therapeutic lower GI endoscopies were performed in 47 children (colonoscopic polypectomy in 92%, anal dilatation and piles banding in 4% each). One child with juvenile polyposis coli developed sigmoid colon performation following colonoscopic polypectomy which required surgical correction. We conclude that upper and lower GI endoscopic therapeutic procedures in children are highly effective and safe. The risk of major complication is very small in experienced hands and occasional minor complications, can be managed conservatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood hepatitis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retained surgical sponge: an unusual cause of malabsorption.

Retained surgical sponge is an unpleasant surprise in clinical practice. Intraluminal migration of the retained sponge, though rare, can lead to intestinal obstruction and other complications. We describe two cases of retained surgical sponge, both following gynaecological surgery, presenting several years after surgery with features of subacute intestinal obstruction, malabsorption and several years after surgery with features of subacute intestinal obstruction, malabsorption and sever hypoproteinemia which reverted after surgical removal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer in India.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Helicobacter pylori infection has been implicated in pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Since there is paucity of reports from developing countries on association of H. pylori with gastric cancer, we performed case control study to find out the relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer and also compared characteristics of gastric cancer and H. pylori positivity in younger and older patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Gastrectomy (n = 37) or endoscopic biopsy (n = 43) samples from area adjoining the cancer were collected from 80 patients of gastric cancer. Tissue specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa stains and histological type of cancer was determined according to Lauren, as intestinal or diffuse type. The presence of H. pylori was assessed by Giemsa staining. Eighty age and sex matched patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) served as controls. RESULTS: Of 80 patients, 48 had intestinal type, 28 diffuse type and 4 had mixed type of gastric cancer. Tumour was located in antrum in 37, in body in 31, and at other sites in 12 cases. H. pyolri infection was present in 29 of patients compared to 36 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (p > 0.05, odd ratio 0.69, confidence interval 0.37-1.32). The positivity for H. pylori was higher in intestinal type than in diffuse type (p < 0.05) of gastric cancer but similar in patients with growth in antrum and body (p = NS) of stomach. There was no significant difference in tumor type, tumor site, frequency of intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori positivity (39% vs 35%, P > 0.05, odd ratio 1.19, confidence interval 0.44-3.23) in younger (< 45 yrs) and older (> 45 yrs) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of patients with gastric cancer show presence of H. pylori infection on histological examination. No difference in H. pylori positivity were observed in young and old patients of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extended survival of carcinoma head of pancreas following palliative treatment.

A 48 year old woman presented with obstructive jaundice 10 years back. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a growth infiltrating the ampulla of Vater, which was confirmed to be adenocarcinoma on cytology. At laparotomy, a large nodular growth was seen in the head of pancreas. Surgical resection could not be done because of encasement of superior mesenteric vessels, hence a cholecystojejunostomy was performed. The patient remained asymptomatic for 9 years, when she developed cholangitis. Duodenoscopy at this stage revealed an ulcerated growth at the ampulla and biopsy from the growth confirmed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. A straight flap 10 F stent was placed in the common bile duct. Thereafter the patient has remained asymptomatic for more than a year.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis.

In this prospective study 30 patients of reflux esophagitis were studied to detect if there was any association between presence of esophagitis and H. pylori infection. 30 patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia acted as controls. In both the groups esophageal and antral biopsies were studied for the presence of H. pylori infection. None of the esophageal biopsies showed H. pylori infection in either group. H. pylori positivity was similar in the antrum of the patients with esophagitis (20 out of 30) and non ulcer dyspepsia (19 out of 30) (p > 0.05). There was no significant association between presence of H. pylori infection in antrum and severity of esophagitis (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study has shown that H. pylori did not colonise esophagus in patients of esophagitis or patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia. There was no significant association between H. pylori colonization in the antrum and esophagitis and the grade of esophagitis with H. pylori infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic smokers with non ulcer dyspepsia.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Both H. pylori infection and smoking are risk factors for acid peptic disorders. There is paucity of data on relationship between smoking and H. pylori infection. Therefore, we studied prevalence of H. pylori infection in smokers with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: 30 smokers with NUD (age 29.5 +/- 1.2 years; all men) and 30 non-smokers with NUD (age 29.2 +/- 1.6 years; all men) were included. None was on antiulcer drugs or antibiotics for more than 2 weeks. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and antral biopsies obtained were subjected to rapid urease test, Gram's staining, culture and histopathology. Patient was considered H. pylori positive, if culture was positive or combination of histopathology plus rapid urease test or Gram's staining plus rapid urease test was positive. RESULTS: 24 of 30 (80%) smokers and 13 of 30 (43%) non smokers were positive for H. pylori infection (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the positivity of H. pylori in light (78%), moderate (81%) and heavy smokers (80%). All the 37 patients who were positive for H. pylori had histological gastritis compared to 65% in H. pylori negative patients. However there was no difference in presence of histological gastritis among H. pylori negative smokers (33%) and non smokers (70%; p = NS). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection is more common in smokers with NUD than in non-smokers. However duration and amount of smoking has no relationship with H. pylori positivity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional protein C and anti-cardiolipin antibody in children with portal vein thrombosis.

BACKGROUND: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common cause of portal hypertension in children from developing countries. Deficiencies of proteins C and S and elevated anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) levels have been shown to predispose to venous thrombosis. We studied these factors in children with idiopathic PVT. METHODS: 19 children with PVT (mean [SD] age 5.7 [2.1] y; 15 boys) were studied; all had had variceal bleeding, and had PVT on ultrasonography. Functional protein C activity was measured using a clotting assay; if it was normal, a clotting assay for functional protein S activity was performed. IgG aCL levels were measured in all sera using an in-house standardized solid-phase ELISA. RESULTS: Protein C functional activity ranged from 4% to 109%. Eight children had activity below 70%, the lower cut-off of the normal range. Protein S assay, done in 10 of the 11 children with normal protein C activity levels, was normal (above the cut-off level of 65% of the normal range). IgG aCL levels were abnormally elevated (>mean + 2SD of 16 healthy control children) in nine children; of these, three had associated protein C deficiency. Thus, of the 19 children with idiopathic PVT, 14 had abnormality in one or more tests. CONCLUSION: A majority of children with PVT of unknown etiology have functional protein C deficiency or abnormally elevated levels of aCL antibodies.

Antibodies, Anticardiolipin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on gastric antrum histology.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is a leading cause of gastritis. Some of the histological changes revert after eradication of H. pylori. There is paucity of reports from India. AIM: To study the effect of H. pylori eradication on the histopathological changes. METHODS: Endoscopically obtained antral biopsies from 164 consecutive H. pylori positive cases of dyspepsia were analysed before and 4 weeks after completion of treatment. RESULTS: Treatment for H. pylori resulted in eradication of the organism as confirmed histologically in 123 out of 164 (76.22%) cases. Analysis of histopathological changes in pre and post treatment biopsies from the same patient revealed a significant reduction in neutrophils, eosinophils, chronic inflammatory cells, acute epithelial changes and regenerative foveolar hyperplasia (p < 0.001) There was no difference in these findings in cases where H. pylori eradication failed when compared with their pre-treatment biopsies (p > 0.05). Similarly the pre and post treatment biopsies revealed, no difference in frequency of intestinal metaplasia and gastric atrophy in cases where H. pylori was eradicated or persisted after treatment. CONCLUSION: There was significant reduction in neutrophils, eosinophils, chronic inflammatory cells, acute epithelial changes and regenerative foveolar hyperplasia, following eradication of H. pylori.

Biopsy↗