The cephalic index of the fetal head was determined by the ultrasonic measurement of the occipitofrontal-biparietal diameter (OF-BPD) ratio in a pilot study of 53 patients at risk of Down's syndrome. The mean value of the OF-BPD ratio was 1.24, and a linear correlation between the occipitofrontal diameter (OFD) and the biparietal diameter (BPD) was observed. There was one case of Down's syndrome in this series. The fetal head was markedly brachycephalic with an OF-BPD ratio of 1.073. The results of this study suggest that when fetal brachycephaly is present, the probability of Down's syndrome is increased. Further evaluation of this parameter is warranted, as it is possible that this technique may provide a safe, and non-invasive method of screening the entire pregnant population for Down's syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The dynamic uterus revealed by time-lapse echography.

The dynamic aspects of the uterus have hitherto gone unrecognized by ultrasonographers. The inherent contractility of the uterus produces dynamic artifacts on static echograms that may lead to serious misdiagnoses. Four cases are presented which illustrated these dynamic changes. Time-lapse echography is proposed as a method of assessing uterine dynamics and improving diagnostic accuracy.

Female↗

PubMed1978

The measurement of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

A study was made of the accuracy of different methods currently used in assessing the transverse diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The maximum transverse diameter of the abdominal aorta was estimated by clinical palpation, plain radiology, ultrasonography and aortography, in a group of 47 patients who were subjected to either a surgical exploration or elective aneurysm resection. The results of these estimations were compared with the actual measurements obtained during the surgical procedure. Measurements of aortic wall calcification seen on the plain X-ray film correlated best with the operative findings. However, calcification was seen in only 30% of the patients. Ultrasonography was almost universally applicable as a technique of assessing aortic size and was found to be a reliable technique for measuring the aortic diameter.

Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMed1974

The diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

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Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Should all pregnant women be offered an ultrasound examination?

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Australia↗