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Biomedical subjects

B Bush

Publications and source records attributed to B Bush.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

High resolution gas chromatographic analysis of nonpolar chlorinated hydrocarbons in human milk.

A gas chromatographic method is described for the analysis of human milk to determine polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as 72 congeners plus p,p'-DDE, mirex, hexachlorobenzene, and octachlorostyrene. The detection limit for individual compounds is about 0.05 ng/g when 30 g milk is analyzed. Total PCBs can be estimated with a detection limit of 1-5 ng/mL milk. Analytical precision is better than +/- 10% for all compounds at 20-50 ng/mL whole milk.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of erythrocyte protoporphyrin and zinc protoporphyrin as micro screening procedures for lead poisoning detection.

Seven hundred and three blood samples from children were analysed for lead by Delves cup atomic absorption, for protoporphyrin by solvent extraction and fluorescence, and for zinc protoporphyrin with two manufacturers' models of automated front-face fluorimeter (haemato-fluorimeter). This power of protoporphyrin analysis for predicting the level of lead in blood was found to be poor. Up to 30% of children with lead concentrations of greater than or equal to 40 g/100 ml (greater than or equal to 1.93 mumol/l) and nearly 60% of children with greater than or equal to 30 microgram/100 ml (greater than or equal to 1.45 mumol/l) would remain undetected if protoporphyrin analysis were used for screening with an action level of 60 microgram/100 ml (1.07 mumol/l) for the porphyrin analysis. The predictive power of protoporphyrin analyses improves with the age of the child, indicating that the less expensive protoporphyrin test may be acceptable for older children, if by this means a large population of children at risk can be screened.

Child↗
PubMed1980

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of protoporphyrin and zinc protoporphyrin in blood.

Zinc protoporphyrin and protoporphyrin free acid in blood were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography on a C18 column. Results for 63 human blood samples obtained through a lead poisoning detection program compared favorably with the widely-used ethyl acetate--acetic acid extraction determination. Blood from 16 rats which had been maintained on water heavily spiked with chloroform or bromodichloromethane and blood from a lead-poisoned cow were examined by this procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls in american shad during their migration in the Hudson River, spring 1977.

Fifty-two female American shad (Alosa sapidissima) were collected during the spring of 1977 at two sites on the lower Hudson River, 27 miles and 75 miles from the river mouth. The fish were extracted with hexane, and the extracts were analyzed by electron-capture gas chromatography (EC-GC) and by GC/mass spectrometry (MS), PCBs were quantitated by EC-GC, and the concentrations were compared by fish length and by site. Fish collected from the downstream site contained a mean PCB concentration of 2.0 +/- 1.0 microgram/g, wet weight; fish from the upstream site contained a mean PCB concentration of 6.1 +/- 2.6 microgram/g, wet weight. Aliquots of the hexane extracts were fractionated before analysis by GC/MS. The presence of PCBs was confirmed, and DDE and the alkane series from C22 through C26 were detected. American shad are saltwater fish that only enter fresh water to spawn. Because they do not feed in fresh water before spawning, they may be used as an indicator of water contamination.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Health administration: from the burning Bush . . . the ten commandments.

A plea for less bureacracy and closer co-operation between health care professionals formed part of Basil Bush's presidential address to the IHSA annual conference last week. In an uncompromising speech he castigated the Government for the excessive numbers of circulars the DHSS issues and called for the institute to become the focal point for general administrators.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1977

Toxicity and persistence of low-level PCB in adult wistar rats, fetuses, and young.

Aroclor 1254 was fed to female and male rats daily for 9 weeks at a dose of 6.4 mg/kg in their drinking water. Control animals received plain tap water plus the emulsified (0.15% Tween 80). Elevated mixed function oxidase (MFO) activity appeared to be due to 2,4,5,2',4',5'- and 2,4,5,2'3'4'-hexachlorobiphenyls, since only these compounds were present to any degree in the tissues of the animals when MFO activity persisted after termination of exposure. The placenta apparently is an effective barrier to PCB transfer.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Identification of gasoline contamination of ground-water by gas chromatography.

Individual components that make up different grades of gasoline - or gasolines of the same grade produced by different manufacturers - are resolved and identified by gas chromatography using packed columns and a flame ionization detector. Contaminants at levels as low as 0.5 mu1/1 may be identified by the method if samples of gasoline from the source of contamination can be obtained for comparison. The uniqueness of this method is that it can be applied for routine analysis without the use of sophisticated complements for the gas chromatograph.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1975

Analytical response of polychlorinated biphenyl homologues and isomers in thin-layer and gas chromatography.

Except for pure synthetic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), estimation methods of PCB by thin-layer and gas chromatography with electron capture detection give comparable results. Both give a good estimate of the true mass of a biologically modified residue, but where mostly hexachlorobiphenyls and above make up the residue, the estimate will be up to 50% too high. The Coulson detector does not, in our hands, yield comparable results with modified residues: the reason for this difference is not clear at present.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assimilation of polychlorinated biphenyls by a marine mollusc and comparison with a rat.

The marine mollusc Aplysia californica was fed seaweed Rhodymenia palmata contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at a high (experimental) and low (control) level for a period of 18 days in flow-through systems which limited the animals to dietary uptake. The assimilation of PCBs, determined by subtraction of fecal output from food intake, was greater at the high dosage (94 +/- 29%) than at the low dosage (84 +/- 22%). Assimilation selectivity of the different congeners favored those with lower chlorine content, and discriminated against those chlorinated in the para position on one of the rings. After assimilation, selectivity for incorporation into the hepatopancreas favored those congeners with higher chlorine contents over those with but 1 to 3 chlorines on the molecule. Similarities between incorporation into the liver of rats and into the hepatopancreas of Aplysia were found, suggesting that common mechanisms for bioaccumulation, and by extension, physiological effects, may be present in such diverse species of the animal kingdom.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) congeners in striped bass (Morone saxatilis) from marine and estuarine waters of New York State determined by capillary gas chromatography.

Edible filets of striped-bass samples (60) from the Hudson River estuary, the Atlantic shore of Long Island, and Long Island Sound were analyzed by high-resolution glass-capillary gas chromatography for 74 polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) compounds. The fish, a non-random subset of a larger sample, contained the following concentrations of total PCB residue (mean +/- the standard error of the mean). The corresponding mean values for the entire survey (N = 717) are given in parentheses: eastern Long Island Sound 1.8 +/- 0.4 (1.91 +/- 0.1) mg/kg; western Long Island Sound, 1.9 +/- 0.2 (2.51 +/- 0.1) mg/kg; eastern Atlantic shore, 3.0 +/- 0.5 (2.45 +/- 0.2) mg/kg; western Atlantic shore, 7.5 +/- 1.9 (3.04 +/- 0.2) mg/kg; Hudson River, 15 +/- 3 (6.19 +/- 0.4) mg/kg. All the samples contained PCB residues derived from Aroclors 1242, 1016, 1254, and 1260 but none of the residue present came from Aroclor 1221 as evidenced by the complete absence of 4-chlorobiphenyl from the fish. Fish from the Hudson River and the majority from the Atlantic shore of Long Island contained 2,2'- and 2,6-dichlorobiphenyls indicating recent exposure to Hudson River PCBs. On this basis, there was evidence that a subpopulation of fish was not exposed to the Hudson River PCB source. The detailed PCB congener make-up of the typical residue found in these fish differs from that found in the majority of human food-stuff in that it contains a proportionately large amount of mono- through tetra-chlorinated PCB. The mean concentration of the more toxicologically suspect congeners which are not readily degraded by mammals and birds (those with two 4-substituents) comprise less than 1 ppm in Long Island Sound fish.

Animals↗