The use of unproven remedies for rheumatoid arthritis in Ireland.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
B Bresnihan
Publications and source records attributed to B Bresnihan.
Drugs in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
Ankylosing spondylitis: a two-year experience.
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Adolescent↗
An antineuronal antibody cross-reacting with erythrocytes and lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus.
An antibody with erythrocyte and lymphocyte activity, present in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), demonstrated additional reactivity with neurons. The neuronal reactivity was greater with cortical neurons than with cerebellar and caudate nucleus neurons, was predominantly IgG, and was immunologically specific. Selected sera from 22 patients with active SLE were tested for the presence of antineuronal antibody. Eleven of 12 sera obtained from patients with neuropsychiatric disease demonstrated definite neuron reactivity, in contrast to only 2 of 10 sera obtained from patients without evidence of neuropsychiatric involvement (P less than 0.005). Five of 21 sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but no sera from 5 other disease control groups, contained antineuronal antibody. Serial studies of 2 SLE patients with transient psychotic episodes demonstrated a close association between antibody titer and the appearance of psychosis in one. These observations suggest that the detection of antineuronal antibodies in patients with SLE may be of value in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric complications.
Absorption↗
The neuropsychiatric disorder in systemic lupus erythematosus: evidence for both vascular and immune mechanisms.
As part of a prospective survey of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a detailed collaborative study of the clinical, psychiatric, and laboratory features in 15 patients with nonfocal neuropsychiatric disease has been undertaken. In addition to conventional clinical and psychometric evaluation, electroencephalograph, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, the study included the assessment of cerebral blood flow with oxygen-15 brain scans and serological testing for the presence of antineuronal and lymphocytotoxic antibodies. Of the 15 patients 12 had psychiatric manifestations, while 13 had various neurological abnormalities. All except 2 episodes of cerebral disease were transient. Striking abnormalities in cerebral blood flow and metabolism were seen in 12 patients, even in the presence of subtle clinical features. Sequential scans showed that improvement in clinical features was accompanied by a reversal of scan abnormalities. All sera contained brain-reactive antibody, either antineuronal IgG antibody (13) or lymphocytotoxic IgM antibody (12) or both (10), though there was an inconsistent association between clinical features and antibody titre. It is suggested that transient disturbances of cerebral vascular function in SLE might allow brain-reactive antibodies from the circulation access to cerebral tissue. In this way the nature of the neuropsychiatric abnormalities would depend on both vascular and immunopathogenic mechanisms.
Adolescent↗
Immunoglobulin classes in skin basement membrane in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical significance and comparison with classes of serum anti-DNA antibodies.
Biopsies of apparently normal skin were obtained from 30 unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The immunoglobulin class distribution of the immune deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction was determined in order to assess associated disease patterns and to investigate the possibility that the immunoglobulin classes in the skin were an indication of the classes of serum anti-native DNA antibodies. Biopsy specimens containing IgG deposits were obtained from 10 patients with more active disease and a greater incidence of glomerulonephritis than those patients with only IgM deposits or negative biopsies. However, in this unselected group of patients the immunoglobulin class of the immune deposits did not necessarily indicate the class of serum anti-native DNA antibodies. Therefore biopsy of clinically uninvolved skin will not always identify SLE patients with an immunological restriction to IgM antibody production.
Adult↗
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: their clinical significance.
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Antilymphocyte Serum↗
Protein synthesis and secretion by activated human lymphocytes.
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed increased synthesis and secretion of protein in response to stimulation by mitogens. Protein secretion in response to concanavalin A (Con A) correlated with cellular proliferation and originated from the proliferating cells. Selective depletion of either B lymphocytes or monocytes did not lead to a reduction in the total protein secreted, suggesting that the T lymphocyte was the cell contributing most of the synthetic activity. It is concluded that the measurement of newly synthesized and secreted protein by Con A activated mononuclear cells is a measurement of the T-lymphocyte response.
Agammaglobulinemia↗
Systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Adolescent↗
[Neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].
Psychological and neurological assessment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has identified 15 with definite evidence of non-focal cerebral involvement. During the period of neuropsychiatric disease, cerebral blood flow was measured using 15O2 brain scans and sera were tested for the presence of 2 brain-reactive antibodies: antineuronal and lymphocytotoxic antibodies. 12 patients had psychiatric symptoms, while 13 had various neurological abnormalities. Striking abnormalities in cerebral blood flow were observed in 12 patients. All sera contained at least one brain-reactive antibody; 13 contained antineuronal antibody, although there was an inconsistent association between clinical features and antibody titre, while 12 contained lymphocytotoxic antibodies. According to these investigations the nature of the neuropsychiatric abnormalities would depend on both vascular and immunopathogenic mechanisms.
Adolescent↗
Systemic lupus erythematosus. A prospective analysis.
The spectrum of organ involvement in 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has been assessed in a prospective study. All patients were admitted to hospital electively for 2 days and a complete clinical and laboratory assessment protocol completed. Subsequent hospital admissions depended on clinical status. The overall mean observation period was 29 months. Widespread multisystem involvement was found in every patient. Subclinical abnormalities of respiratory and cerebral function were common even in patients in clinical remission. A more conservative approach than has been generally recommended was used for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus and is supported by the estimated 5-year survival of 98%.
Adolescent↗
Diflunisal in the treatment of osteoarthrosis: a double-blind study comparing diflunisal with ibuprofen.
A double-blind trial was carried out in 37 patients with osteoarthrosis to compare the efficacy and tolerance of 250 mg diflunisal twice daily with that of 400 mg ibuprofen 3-times daily over an 8-week period. Rating scale assessments were made, at the end of a preceding 1-week, wash-out period on placebo and at regular fixed intervals, of weight-bearing pain, night pain, a specific functional activity, and of the duration of inactivity stiffness. Patients' and physician's overall evaluations of response, taking side-effects into account, were made on completion of the study. The data collected indicated that in 30 patients completing the trial both treatments produced similar overall results and, with the exception of weight-bearing pain which appeared to be improved more in the ibuprofen group, diflunisal provided equal therapeutic benefit with fewer side-effects.
Adult↗
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: evidence for reactivity with i antigen.
Sera from ten patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were tested for lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCA) before and after absorption with cord and adult erythrocytes at 4 degrees C. Seven of the sera showed a significant reduction in cytotoxicity after absorption with the cord erythrocytes, but minimal or no reduction following absorption with the adult red blood cells. Of the remaining three sera, the cytotoxicity was equally reduced by cord and adult red cells in one and was unaffected by absorption in two. Eluates were prepared from the two sera using cord and adult red blood cells. The cytotoxicity of the cord cell eluates was significantly greater than those of the adult red cell eluates. These data indicate that the LCA in most SLE sera have specificity for the i antigen, which is present on lymphocytes and cord erythrocytes.
Agglutinins↗
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in Still's disease.
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Adult↗
Antiribonucleoprotein antibodies in connective tissue diseases: estimation by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
One hundred and seventy-two patients with various connective tissue diseases were investigated for the presence of serum antibodies to extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) and its major components, ribonucleo-protein (RNP) and Sm antigen. The counter-immunoelectrophoresis assay allowed independent detection and measurement of antibodies to the different components. All 13 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) had anti-RNP antibody in high titres, 16% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had low titres, and none of the patients with scleroderma had anti-RNP antibody. MCTD seems to be more benign than either SLE or scleroderma. The counterimmunoelectrophoresis assay is a simple and sensitive technique for confirming the diagnosis.
Antibodies↗
Anti-DNA antibodies in discoid lupus erythematosus. Follow-up study.
Anti-DNA antibodies have been detected previously in patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) despite the absence of overt systemic manifestations. 27 patients with DLE were followed up 3 years after the detection of anti-DNA antibodies in 7. None had developed other features of systemic lupus erythematosus. We conclude that the occasional finding of anti-DNA antibodies in patients with DLE does not predict those likely to develop systemic disease.
Aged↗
Prospective analysis of antiribonucleoprotein antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.
A prospective analysis of 50 successive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, seen over a 4-year period, has been completed. 336 sera were examined for the presence of antibody to ribonucleoprotein using a counterimmunoelectrophoresis assay. Antibody was present in the sera of 16% of patients and was detectable in about the same titre throughout the course of the disease. The presence of the antibody did not appear to identify a subgroup of lupus patients with individual clinical characteristics.
Antibodies↗