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Biomedical subjects

B Blum

Publications and source records attributed to B Blum.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Eye movements induced by electrical stimulation of the frontal eye fields of marmosets and squirrel monkeys.

Two or three sites in the region of the frontal lobe of marmoset and squirrel monkey are definable as frontal eye fields (FEF) on the basis of electrical stimulation which results in slow and/or saccadic eye movements. In the squirrel monkey these are located on the banks of the arcuate and principal sulci; in the marmoset at estimated analogous locations. Eye ball deviations result from stimulation of these sites with a return to initial position at the end of stimulation. The induced eye movements included large, slow eye movements of varying speeds, micro- and macro-saccades, pendular eye movements, and saccadic stairways. The direction of these eye movements depended on the site stimulated. Both smooth slow and saccadic eye movements were obtained even with stimulation of the same site, depending on the stimulus intensity and the depth of anesthesia. A precise relationship between the site stimulated and the type of eye movement elicited could not be established in these species. Effective stimulus was 300 Hz frequency, 0.2-0.5 ms pulse duration, 0,05-0.05 mA current, and trains of 4-160 pulses. Characteristically, sites for induction of saccadic eye movements were frontal to sites for induction of slow eye movements.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Angina-like cardiac disturbances of hypothalamic etiology in cat, monkey, and man.

Angina-like phenomena of CNS etiology were studied. Data were collected and analyzed from clinical cases of cerebral hematoma, concussion, and tumors in which cardiological disturbances were observed consequent to compressive brain lesions or surgical brain manipulations. The cases in which the disturbances were largely angina-like and without ectopic beats or arrhythmias were chosen for study. The brain region most significantly related to this phenomenon seemed to be the hypothalamus. Experiments conducted in cats and monkeys showed that stimulation of specific sites in the hypothalamus resulted in angina-like manifestations with no other cardiac changes. These data support our working hypothesis that a cerebrally induced syndrome that is conspicuously angina-like must be related to hypothalamic involvement. In the awake monkey hypothalamic stimulation caused angina-like ECG changes and behavior suggestive of referred pain. In some cases, repetitions of the stimulations or irritations in all of the species resulted in permanent pathological myocardial changes, mostly bleeding into the myocardium. In some animals there were minute hemorrhagic necroses that were subepicardial in distribution. It is significant that the most severe or permanent pathological changes were found in cases in which the angina-like ECG alterations were persistent. There were also cases, however, with persistent angina-like ECG changes that showed no such pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The pyramidal system of the cat and of the monkey: neurophysiologic aspects of phylogenetic advancement.

The pyramidal motor system underwent dramatic phylogenetic developments. Ethologically, this has found expression in higher capacities for accurate movements. An hypothesis and supporting data are offered that this depends on the advancement in the higher species of a system based on the attainment of higher accuracy by an increase in the number of channels, an increased range of conduction velocity values, an increase in surround effects of the PTN and the evolvement of a stochastically based mechanism the accuracy of operation of which depends at least on the above-mentioned factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The importance of panographic and dental evaluation for lesions of the antrum.

A large dentigerous cyst which displaced the antrum and partly eroded its bony walls was interpreted as a malignant neoplasm in routine sinus films. The true nature of the process was readily apparent in a panographic view which showed an unerupted third molar lying horizontally above the apices of the first and second molars. This case is an excellent demonstration of the important role of panographic views in the differential diagnosis of maxillary sinus lesions.

Dentigerous Cyst↗