Owing to the clinical similarity between the male climacteric syndrome and the results of previous studies on the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in relation to sex hormones, we hypothesized that alcoholics with a poor supply of testosterone will develop more pronounced symptoms during alcohol withdrawal than alcoholics with high levels of testosterone. Fifty-two male alcoholics were studied. To test our hypothesis we entered the mean values of the hormones, the mean age, and the mean consumption of liquor (CL) the week before admittance as regressors in a multiple forward stepwise regression analysis with four subclass constructed from the CPRS as dependent variables. Our results indicate that patients with low levels of testosterone develop more neurotic-asthenic symptoms, such as indecision, worrying about trifles, fatigability, and lassitude during alcohol withdrawal. Further, high levels of SHBG were related to a history of seizures and younger alcoholics received higher ratings on the paranoid-aggressive subscale. It is concluded that there is a relation between levels of testosterone and symptoms during alcohol withdrawal. The question of a causal relationship remains to be answered, however. One way to illuminate this would be to add testosterone during detoxification, which may reduce the symptoms mentioned above analogous to the male climacteric syndrome, which could be prosperously treated by a supplement of testosterone. This treatment strategy would have obvious advantages compared to benzodiazepine detoxification as such drugs are potentially addictive.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sex hormones during alcohol withdrawal: a longitudinal study of 29 male alcoholics during detoxification.

It is a well-known fact that alcohol affects sex hormone levels in males. Even in the absence of liver dysfunction, there is still a direct toxic effect of ethanol on testosterone synthesis resulting in acutely decreased values. This study is based on 29 male alcoholics without severe signs of liver disease treated on the alcohol detoxification ward at Huddinge hospital in Stockholm, Sweden during 1995. The aim was to study levels of sex hormones in male alcoholics during detoxification with benzodiazepines and after 3 weeks of sobriety. Blood samples were taken three times: one day after admission (day 2) when the patient was sober, at discharge (day 5) and after 3 weeks of sobriety (day 21). Levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) showed the same pattern during detoxification and follow-up. They were both low, but generally within normal limits, on days 2 and 5, but raised after 3 weeks of sobriety. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were initially high, but were substantially depressed during detoxification. Levels of FSH recovered after 3 weeks, whereas LH remained at the same level. Most patients exhibited generally low levels of both FSH and LH, however. Levels of oestrone decreased steadily. There were no correlations between levels of sex hormones and the number of milligrams of oxazepam administered to the patients during detoxification either at admission, at discharge or at follow-up. In summary, the endocrinological response to alcohol intake is complex. This study suggests that the duration of endocrinological recovery after drinking is a quite long-lasting process, that different hormones need different times to recover and that the normal glandular-pituitary feed-back processes may be partly put out of order.

Alcoholism↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Functional outcome and quality of life in patients with Type B ankle fractures: a two-year follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: To compare a specific score designed for ankle fractures with a general quality-of-life instrument as an outcome measure, and to describe the two-year results for patients with Type B ankle fractures. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Large teaching hospital, Sweden. PATIENTS: Fifty-three patients, aged nineteen to sixty-three years, treated operatively for Type B ankle fractures. Forty-one patients completed the follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Olerud Molander Ankle Score (OMA score), Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), and a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between the OMA score and SF-36 subscores for physical functioning, physical and emotional role function, social functioning, and bodily pain (p < 0.05). VAS for physical symptoms correlated with the OMA score and with all SF-36 subscores (p < 0.001). The mean OMA score was 84 (standard deviation = 22.5); 64 percent of patients scored 90 or more. Patients with an OMA score <90 more often had a B3-type fracture (p < 0.05) and more often considered themselves as not recovered compared with patients with an OMA score > or =90 (p < 0.001). Only thirteen patients (36 percent) reported a complete recovery. Sixteen patients (44 percent) had work-related problems and twenty-two (61 percent) had some problems with sport activities. The SF-36 subscores for physical functioning, physical and emotional role function, vitality, and mental health were lower compared with an average Swedish population (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the SF-36 Health Survey may be useful in measuring outcome after an ankle fracture, that disability, i.e., self-perceived limitations in everyday life, is common after B-type ankle fractures.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A longitudinal clinical study of Procera ceramic-veneered titanium copings.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present paper was to study the long-term clinical results with ceramic-veneered Procera titanium copings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 44 titanium copings (fabricated for 22 patients) veneered with a low-fusing ceramic were followed for 60 to 78 months. The clinical examinations were performed by licensed specialists in prosthetic dentistry. The crowns were rated according to the California Dental Association system. In addition, Bleeding Index and Margin Index were also evaluated. RESULTS: In 3 crowns ceramic fractures necessitated their replacement. Two crowns had to be replaced because of caries. The ratings for surface and color had changed markedly, from excellent to acceptable. Regarding anatomic form, with the exception of the 3 fractured ceramic crowns, there were no obvious changes. The margin integrity, aside from the 2 crowned teeth with caries, was recorded as satisfactory (excellent or acceptable) for all other crowns; in fact, a large majority were rated excellent. Regarding Bleeding Index, there were no differences between crowned teeth and control teeth. Changes in Margin Index showed that the gingiva of the crowned teeth had retracted. CONCLUSION: Of the various clinical factors evaluated, only surface and color-related to the low-fusing ceramic used for veneering-showed any obvious change during the follow-up period. Otherwise the veneered titanium copings had, in general, performed well.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

An intraindividual clinical comparison of 2 metal-ceramic systems.

PURPOSE: It has been questioned whether the surface and color of the ceramic and the metal-ceramic bond strength of a titanium-ceramic system are comparable to those of a conventional noble alloy-ceramic system. It was therefore the aim of this study to carry out an intraindividual clinical comparison between crowns fabricated according to the Procera system (titanium copings veneered with a low-fusing ceramic) and noble-alloy copings veneered with a medium-fusing ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one crown pairs were fabricated for eighteen patients; three of the patients were each provided with two crown pairs. After 2 years nineteen crown pairs in sixteen patients could be compared. Clinical examinations were performed by two calibrated dentists who are long experienced in prosthetic dentistry. The crowns were rated according to the California Dental Association system. In addition, Bleeding Index and Margin Index were evaluated. RESULTS: After 2 years the quality of surface and color of the ceramic material seemed to have deteriorated more in titanium-ceramic crowns than in conventional metal-ceramic crowns, although the difference was not statistically significant. Regarding anatomic form, margin integrity, Bleeding Index, and Margin Index the differences between the two crown systems were small. CONCLUSION: The low-fusing ceramics have been subject to improvements during the last few years. Their bond strength to titanium seems to be comparable to that of conventional metal-ceramic systems. However, in the long run one problem may be the surface and color stability of low-fusing ceramics. To make extended long-term comparisons between the two metal-ceramic systems possible the present patient material will be followed for a longer period than the current 2 years.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical results in patients provided with conical crown retained dentures.

During 1985 and 1986, 25 patients were treated with conical crown retained dentures, 26 in the maxillary arch and four in the mandible. The primary indication for having used these dentures was the presence of only a few teeth, mostly in unfavorable positions. Clinical findings after 24 to 43 months are reported and considered promising. Patients were generally satisfied and only comparatively small tissue changes were found.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Disinfection of prosthodontic impression materials: a literature review.

With the steadily growing frequency of AIDS, many dental researchers and clinicians have become more interested in disinfection and sterilization procedures. Impressions made in the clinic are potential contamination pathways. All patients may be considered as potentially infectious and the impressions must be treated the same as those made on so-called high-risk patients. Zinc oxide-eugenol, polysulfide and silicone rubber, and probably polyether materials are compatible with effective disinfectant solutions. The solutions do not substantially diminish the dimensional stability and the sharpness of surface detail reproduction of these impression materials. Impression compound as well as reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid, however, are not compatible with effective disinfectant solutions.

Dental Impression Materials↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Periodontal reactions in connection with removable partial dentures.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Occlusion, Traumatic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Titanium copings veneered with Procera ceramics: a longitudinal clinical study.

In 1989, 47 titanium copings veneered with a low-fusing ceramic were fabricated for 24 patients. Forty-four crowns could be examined after a period varying between 26 and 30 months. It was found that the bulk ceramic of two crowns had fractured. California Dental Association ratings for "Surface and Color" had changed markedly from the "Excellent" to the "Acceptable" level, and for "Anatomic Form" there was a small shift from the "Excellent" to the "Acceptable" level. The factor of "Margin Integrity" was recorded as "satisfactory" for all crowns and a large majority were rated "Excellent."

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term clinical results after treatment with conical crown-retained dentures.

The clinical outcome of treatment using conical crown-retained dentures was evaluated. Of the initial 25 patients provided with 26 conical crown-retained dentures, 18 patients with 18 restorations could be examined after a time ranging between 73 and 92 months. Of the eight restorations lost, four had been changed as a result of factors that might have been related to the prosthodontic care. Most of the patients were very satisfied with the restorations both functionally and esthetically and found their chewing comfort to be better after treatment with conical crown-retained dentures. However, 50% of the patients reported speech problems related to treatment. Technical failures were not insignificant but were treatable. The survival rate after 73 to 92 months was 78.3%.

Aged↗