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Biomedical subjects

B Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to B Bennett.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1969

Demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity to soluble antigens of chemically induced tumors by inhibition of macrophage migration.

Sensitization to soluble antigens of chemically induced tumors is demonstrable in syngeneic strain 13 (inbred) guinea pigs by specific inhibition of macrophage migration. According to their capacity to (a) inhibit the migration of peritoneal cells from sensitized strain 13 donors or (b) release migration-inhibitory factor from their lymph node cells, the soluble antigens of three different chemically induced tumors did not cross react. This is in keeping with the absence of cross-reactivity among the same three tumors in previous tests of transplantation resistance or delayed hypersensitivity in vivo. Thus, inhibition of macrophage migration may provide a feasible assay in vitro for use in defining these soluble antigens further by physicochemical methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Teeth & taxonomy.

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Classification↗
PubMed1966

Mechanism of a reaction in vitro associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity.

The cell type responsible for inhibition by antigen of migration in vitro of peritoneal exudate cells obtained from tuberculin-hypersensitive guinea pigs was studied. Exudate populations were separated into component cell types, the lymphocyte and the macrophage. Peritoneal lymphocytes from sensitive donors were the immunologically active cells in this system, the macrophages, being merely indicator cells which migrate. Sensitized peritoneal lymphocyte populations, upon interaction with specific antigen in vitro, elaborated into the medium a soluble material capable of inhibiting migration of normal exudate cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple, non-invasive method of assessing the acute hemodynamic effects of doxorubicin.

Left ventricular stroke distance was measured by Doppler ultrasound in 10 doxorubicin-treated and 10 control patients. Measurements were made 10 min, 2 h and 4 h after drug administration. Stroke distance (a linear analogue of stroke volume) increased significantly from 12.6 cm (S.D. 2.7) before and 12.5 cm (S.D. 2.7) 10 min after, to 13.6 cm (S.D. 2.8) 2 h after and 13.7 cm (S.D. 2.7) 4 h after doxorubicin (p less than 0.05). Throughout the study period there were no significant changes in stroke distance in the control patients who were infused with similar fluid volumes, and no significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure in either group. These observations confirm previous findings made by radionuclide ventriculography, a much more complex, expensive and hazardous technique, not amenable to repetition at short time intervals. The measurement of stroke distance by Doppler ultrasound is a convenient bedside method of assessing acute hemodynamic changes after doxorubicin or any drug affecting cardiac function. The method we describe is eminently suitable for investigating the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High grade non-Hodgkins lymphoma in the elderly--12 year experience in the Grampian Region of Scotland.

A retrospective examination of patients with high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HG NHL) presenting in the Grampian Region of Scotland from 1980-1992 was undertaken to determine the disease characteristics and outcome in patients over the age of 60 years at diagnosis. This group of patients was found to account for 68 per cent of HG NHL presenting in this region. No difference in clinical stage or histology was noted compared to their younger counterparts. The elderly had a significantly poorer survival with an increase in lymphoma-related and unrelated deaths. On Cox regression analysis the main survival advantage was conferred by completion of 'radical' treatment; elderly patients who were given 'radical' therapy had a median survival of 50 months compared to median survival of 10 months in the 'non-radical' group. Patients who had a good performance status at diagnosis had also a significant survival advantage. Histology, clinical stage at diagnosis and age over 60 had no independent significant effect on survival. Not all the factors that resulted in 'non-radical' therapy being given are explicable but we conclude that 'radical' therapy is achievable in 50 per cent of patients over the age of 60 years with an effective outcome and should be pursued in the elderly when the condition of the patient allows.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in patients treated for lymphoma.

Avascular necrosis of bone (AVNB) is a well-known but rare complication of chemotherapy for lymphoma with a reported incidence ranging from 1 to 10 per cent. Early diagnosis is essential for optimal therapeutic management. Using MRI, the most sensitive means of detecting the earlier stages of AVNB, 100 patients treated with standard chemotherapy for lymphoma were assessed. Fifteen were found to have changes of AVNB, 10 with early changes but five with advanced segmental collapse of the femoral head. None with AVNB had more than the standard course of corticosteroids. Almost a quarter of the study group complained of joint pain during and/or after their treatment, a third of whom were found to have AVNB; a strong indicator to screen all those with pain. However, 40 per cent of those with AVNB were asymptomatic. The clinical significance of the 'silent hip' is yet to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An investigation of an excess incidence of heart disease.

In a large complex chemical company, it is difficult to distinguish clusters of disease of occupational origin from those due to non-occupational factors and those that have arisen by chance. The mechanical application of statistical procedures to health data to detect occupational hazards will produce many false positives. More refined techniques were used to demonstrate that the incidence of coronary disease at a small site was too high to be attributed to chance alone. An intensive search for a causative factor proved abortive.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peritoneal fluid cytokine and eicosanoid levels and their relation to the incidence of peritoneal adhesion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the peritoneal fluid content of several cytokines and eicosanoids with inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and fibrotic activities, and to assess the relationship of these levels with the incidence of peritoneal adhesions. METHODS: Peritoneal fluids were collected from 30 subjects with adhesions (n = 22) or with normal pelvic anatomy (n = 8), and the level of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioreceptor assay. RESULTS: The peritoneal fluid content of these factors varied considerably, with low levels of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF. Only IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The levels of total (latent + active) and active TGF-beta 1 were higher than those of other cytokines assayed and were significantly higher in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The peritoneal fluid content of PGE2, TXB2, and LTB4 was significantly higher than that of the cytokines and was higher, but not significantly so, in subjects with adhesions compared with normal subjects (P = .06). CONCLUSION: Although the effect of length of time since the adhesions were formed is not known, the results indicate that peritoneal fluid content of these cytokines and eicosanoids, with the exception of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1, does not correlate with the presence of peritoneal adhesions.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profile of an abused burned child.

It is well recognized that child abuse is a common mechanism of injury to burned children. A profile of an abused burn child was constructed by analyzing 321 consecutive pediatric admissions to our burn center during a 24-month period starting in April 1993. Variables collected for analysis were age, race, insurance status, family structure, burn size, type, whether child abuse reports were filed, and the results of those reports. Of the 321 admissions, 93 were reported for abuse or neglect. From the 93 reported cases, 26 were taken into temporary custody, 56 were indicated for abuse, but returned to the home, and 14 were "unfounded" cases. Our analysis indicated burned children aged 3 years and under, from single-parent, impoverished homes, admitted with a scald or thermal-contact burn are at highest risk for abuse or neglect and warrant careful assessment.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Domestic violence.

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Crime↗