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Biomedical subjects

B Becker

Publications and source records attributed to B Becker.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Quantitative visual field and optic disc correlates early in glaucoma.

A retrospective study was made of persons with ocular hypertension and normal initial visual fields. Seventy eyes were followed, and glaucomatous visual field defects developed in 25 of these eyes. In eyes with ocular hypertensio, the area enclosed by the central visual field isopter (I2e) was significantly smaller than that previously reported for an age-corrected group of eyes with normal intraocular pressure. In the absence of glaucomatous visual field defects, isopter areas were not releated to cup-disc ratios. Coincident with visual field loss, reductions in both peripheral (I4e) and central (I2e) isopter areas correlated linearly with increases in the cup-disc ratio. Prior to visual field loss, the I4e isopter area wassignificantly smaller among those eyes destined to lose visual field.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Intraocular pressure and glaucoma in the Zuni indians.

A glaucoma-screening examination was performed on 119 full-blooded Zuni Indians and 286 control subjects who were aged 40 years or older. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of the Zuni Indians was significantly lower than that of the control group, adjusted for age and sex differences, in both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. The control group demonstrated an increasing IOP with age, while the Zunis did not. The prevalence of ocular hypertension was significantly greater in the control group than in the Zunis. The majority of the Zuni subjects with ocular hypertension had diabetes mellitus. None of the Zuni Indians who were screened had primary open-angle glaucoma and none had a family history of glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Retail cost of antiglaucoma drugs in two cities.

Volunteer shoppers purchased antiglaucoma medications dispensed from prescriptions written according to generic and brand-name products in Manhattan and in the St. Louis area. All drugs obtained were more expensive in Manhattan than in St. Louis. No significant cost difference was found between generic and brand-name items in either city, but only in a few instances were generic drugs actually dispensed. No difference in overall price was found between pharmacies located in better and poorer neighborhoods in Manhattan or between pharmacies located in urban, suburban, or rural areas in St. Louis. A white shopper paid significatnly lower retail prices than did a Hispanic shopper in Manhattan, particularly in better neighborhoods. The range of prices in each city for all drugs studied was greater than twofold. Pharmacies offering more patient services tended to charge higher prices, but frequently, pharmacies did not actually offer the services they advertised.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1978

Cyclocryotherapy in neovascular glaucoma.

To determine the long-term effects of cyclocryotherapy, we conducted a follow-up with a mean of 24.9 +/- 13.9 months in 50 eyes of 46 patients with neovascular glaucoma. On final examination, intraocular pressure in 16 (32%) of the eyes was greater than 26 mm Hg and in 17 (34%), less than or equal to 25 mm Hg; 17 (34%) developed phthisis bulbi. Enucleation was performed in three of the eyes. Anterior segment necrosis occurred immediately postoperatively in four eyes. Twenty-four of 41 eyes (58.5%) with vision lost light perception during our study. All patients were comfortable except the three who required enucleation.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The long-term effects of iridectomy for primary acute angle-closure glaucoma.

Forty-nine eyes were treated with iridectomy for primary acute angle-closure glaucoma. Forty asymptomatic, normotensive fellow eyes were similarly treated. The duration of follow-up after surgery was 52.3 +/- 3.6 months. Thirty-seven (76%) of the eyes with acute attacks were cured by iridectomy alone and required no medical therapy. Twelve eyes (24%) developed increased intraocular pressure following iridectomy, but only one eye (2%) required filtering surgery. Eighty-eight percent of the asymptomatic, normotensive fellow eyes required no subsequent therapy, and none developed visual field defects. Visual acuity was unchanged in 22 of 49 (45%) of the acutely involved eyes and decreased more than six lines in 11 (22%) eyes. In the 40 fellow eyes, visual acuity was unchanged in 63% and decreased more than six lines in only one (2%) eye.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Plasma cortisol and elective cataract surgery.

Plasma cortisol was measured before and after elective cataract surgery in 19 patients given local anesthesia and in 11 patients given general anesthesia. In eight patients control plasma cortisols were measured at times corresponding to the surgical determinations. These eight patients demonstrated the circadian pattern of a fall in plasma cortisol. Only seven (37%) of 19 patients given local anesthesia failed to demonstrate the four-hour decrease in plasma cortisol (4-hr. p.o./8 A.M.0 greater than or equal to 0.80) following surgery, but this occurred in ten (91%) of 11 patients under general anesthesia (P less than .005). The 8:00 A.M. value was increased on the first postoperative day (8 A.M.1/8 A.M.0 greater than or equal to 1.37) in five (26%) of 19 patients given local anesthesia, but this occurred in 8 (73%) of 11 patients undergoing general anesthesia (P less than .025). The cortisol response to cataract surgery was significantly both more frequent and of greater magnitude in those patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1978

The effect of calcium dobesilate on nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: a controlled study.

Two independent, double-masked, controlled studies were made to evaluate the efficacy of calcium dobesilate for the treatment of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Forty-two patients underwent a six-month crossover evaluation while receiving calcium dobesilate (750 mg per day) and placebo in random order. Thirty-six patients received calcium dobesilate (1,000 mg per day) or placebo for one year. Evaluation by clinical examination, fluorescein angiography, angiography, and fundus photography failed to demonstrate any beneficial effect of calcium dobesilate.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparative intraocular pressure effects of adsorbocarpine and isoptocarpine.

Nine symmetrical ocular hypertensives used Adsorbocarpine in one eye and Isoptocarpine in the other. Each medication was given twice daily for one week, then Isoptocarpine was used 4 time daily. The 2 drugs were equally effective as twice daily medications while Isoptocarpine 4 times daily was significantly more effective than either given twice daily. The pH of the Adsorbocarpine may not have been optimal although commercially available solutions were used. The results indicated that pilocarpine in either vehicle can lower intraocular pressure when given less than 4 times daily; however, conclusive studies are needed before this can be recommended as a widespread clinical practice.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1977

Decreased basal tear production associated with general anesthesia.

Basal tear production was measured by means of standardized Schirmer strips and 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride topical anesthesia in 20 patients. Premedication with systemic diazepam (Valium) and atropine sulfate had no effect on basal tear production. General surgical anesthesia resulted in a noticeable depression of basal tear production at 10, 30, and 60 minutes following induction of the anesthesia. It is suggested that prophylactic eye care include both replacement of tears and prevention of mechanical exposure of the cornea during general anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The prevalence of HLA-B12 and HLA-B7 antigens in primary open-angle glaucoma.

HLA-B12 antigen was found in 50% and HLA-B7 was present in 49% of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Either one of the antigens B12 or B7 was noted in 88% of such glaucoma patients. The prevalences of B12, B7, or of either antigen were much greater in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma than in the general population or in patients with normal intraocular pressure. The prevalences in patients with ocular hypertension (IOP greater than 20 mm Hg) were intermediate between the ocular normotensives and the patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The close association between HLA-B12 and HLA-B7 and primary open-angle glaucoma suggested immunologic components of the disease and possible convenient genetic markers.

Glaucoma↗