Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Bannwarth

Publications and source records attributed to B Bannwarth.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The effect of food on the systemic availability of ketoprofen.

We have studied the pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in 12 patients after a single 100 mg oral dose both in fasting conditions and with a meal. Food significantly affected the peak plasma concentration of ketoprofen and decreased its absorption rate. However, the extent of absorption of ketoprofen, as reflected by the area under the plasma concentration time curve, appeared to be unchanged in the presence of food.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Total and free ketoprofen in serum and synovial fluid after intramuscular injection.

Free and total ketoprofen levels in serum and synovial fluid were determined in 37 patients after a single intramuscular injection of ketoprofen, 100 mg. Free drug was separated by equilibrium dialysis. Ketoprofen was assayed by HPLC. Ketoprofen penetrated into the joints rapidly and significant concentrations were found at 15 minutes. The equilibrium time was about 3 1/2 hours. The AUC for total ketoprofen was greater in serum than in synovial fluid. On the other hand, the free fraction AUC in the serum and synovial fluid were quite similar. The mean residence time in the joint was about three times that in the systemic circulation. Ketoprofen was strongly bound to proteins and the percentage of free ketoprofen was not significantly different between serum and synovial fluid. These results provide a possible explanation for duration of the therapeutic effect of ketoprofen despite the short elimination half-life from the serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Clinical pharmacokinetics of D-penicillamine.

Penicillamine exists as 2 stereoisomers, but only the D-isomer is used therapeutically. Its chemical reactivity derives from its functional groups, of which the thiol group seems the most important. It is difficult to determine penicillamine in biological fluids because of its instability, the presence of endogenous compounds with a thiol function, and the various chemical forms in which it occurs, namely reduced free penicillamine, penicillamine bound to proteins, and internal (P-S-S-P) and mixed (P-S-S-C) disulphides. The earliest assay methods (colourimetry, isotopic methods, gas-phase chromatography) were neither sensitive nor specific. High performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection has led to a more specific assay for D-penicillamine, with detection based on either derivatisation reactions or on electro-oxidisation of the thiol function. With dual-electrode detectors (Au/Hg) disulphides can be assayed directly. D-penicillamine is absorbed rapidly but incompletely (40 to 70%) in the intestine, with wide interindividual variations. Food, antacids and, in particular, iron reduce absorption of the drug. Its bioavailability is also dramatically decreased in patients with malabsorption states. The peak plasma concentration occurs at 1 to 3 hours after ingestion, regardless of dose, and is of the order of 1 to 2 mg/L after an oral dose of 250 mg; some investigators have reported a double peak in plasma, which is probably not due to an enterohepatic cycle. The concentration in plasma then decreases rapidly, generally following a biphasic curve. When long term treatment is discontinued, there is a slow elimination phase lasting 4 to 6 days, which suggests that there is a 'deep compartment' or 'slow pool of the drug reversibly bound to tissues', particularly the skin. This may explain the persistence of its therapeutic effect and the occurrence of undesirable side effects after treatment has been stopped. During long term treatment plasma concentrations are highly variable between individuals. They do not seem to be correlated with the activity or the toxicity of D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. More than 80% of plasma D-penicillamine is bound to proteins, particularly albumin. The rest is mainly in the free reduced form or as disulphides. Only a small portion of the dose is metabolised in the liver to S-methyl-D-penicillamine. The route of elimination is mainly renal; disulphides represent the main compounds found in the urine. Faecal excretion corresponds mainly to the non-absorbed fraction of the drug.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

[Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis. Nosological concepts].

The term sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis groups affections of different pathogenicity. These result from an ossifying enthesiopathy, either inflammatory, isolated to the thoracic wall anteriorly or combined with a spondylarthropathy, particularly ankylosing spondylitis, or degenerative, the anterior thoracic hyperostosis usually being part of an ensheathing vertebral hyperostosis. A differential diagnosis is anterior thoracic hyperostosis due to an inflammatory osteopathy occurring in young patients and often associated with other bone lesions of pelvis and spine or long bones.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Association and transfer functions for analysis of drug binding to proteins.

A global association function is proposed that characterizes the apparent overall equilibrium of drug protein binding. It is defined as a function of the total drug concentration and may be directly calculated from each experimental result. The binding transfer function represents the relative rates of change in the bound and free concentrations from the total concentration. Two applications are presented: one is an investigation of the effect of temperature on binding of salicylic acid to proteins in plasma; and the other is a comparison of the phenomenon in two different biological fluids (protein binding of sodium salicylate in plasma and in synovial fluid).

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1986

Insufficiency fractures of the pelvis.

There are two kinds of stress fracture. One is fatigue fracture of a healthy bone during unusual mechanical overloading. This kind is seen particularly in young persons, such as soldiers and athletes, and most often affects the metatarsals, calcaneum, tibia, and fibula. The second kind is insufficiency fracture, in which the bone has become fragile because of age, metabolic disorder, static disorder of a leg, or prior orthopedic surgery, and cannot withstand even moderate stress. This type of fracture particularly affects the elderly, and is by far most frequent in the pelvis. Bone imaging is very helpful in early diagnosis of stress fractures, because as soon as there are clinical signs it reveals some degree of very localized uptake.

Aged↗